Implementation of IPOA/IUU - International MCS Network

32 vessel identification (radio call sign, port and number of registry) vessel position vessel course fishing effort (fishing location, date and time of place fished) catch composition (target and non target species by nominal weight(live weight equivalent of landings) zone entry/exit (including closed areas entry/exit) notifications port entry notifications 53Flag States should also establish a mechanism to verify the accuracy ofreported data and should penalize the failure to report and the misreporting ofdata. Approaches include routine inspections in port and the use of independenton-board observers.As discussed above, flag States should ensure that penalties imposed forIUU fishing are of sufficient gravity to be effective in deterring future IUUfishing and to deprive the offenders of the benefits accruing from the IUUfishing. For serious offences, such sanctions should include withdrawal orsuspension of the vessel’s authorization to fish. Sanctions applicable in respectof masters and other officers of fishing vessels should include withdrawal orsuspension of their authorizations to serve in those capacities.Flag States whose vessels regularly fish in waters under the jurisdictionof other States, e.g. pursuant to access agreements, should enter intoarrangements with the coastal States to prevent, deter and eliminate IUU fishingin such circumstances. For example, a treaty between certain Pacific IslandStates and the United States of America requires the latter to assist the former inMCS efforts. The treaty also requires the United States to transfer to the FFA anyfines it collects from its vessels for having fished in violation of the treaty.5. COASTAL STATE MEASURES5.1 Coastal State Rights and ResponsibilitiesInternational law provides that coastal States have sovereign rights tomanage fisheries in waters under their jurisdiction. More than ninety percent ofthe global fish catch is estimated to be taken within waters under the jurisdictionof coastal States. Although reliable data is not available, it may be presumed thata significant proportion of IUU fishing also occurs in those waters. Much of thatIUU fishing is conducted by vessels registered in the coastal States themselves,particularly in the form of underreporting or misreporting of catch. In other53 Taken from B. Kuemlangan, supra note 21. For further information, see FAO,Guidelines for Routine Collection of Capture Fisheries Data, FAO Fisheries TechnicalPaper 382, Rome 1999.