2012 AGU Chapman Conference on Remote Sensing of the ...

Famiglietti, James S.Getting Real About the State of HydrologicalModeling: Priorities for Advancing the NextGeneration of Integrated, Data-Assimilating WaterCycle SimulatorsFamiglietti, James S. 1, 21. UCCHM, Univ California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA2. Dept Earth System Science, Univ California Irvine, Irvine,CA, USAWhile the development of hydrological and land surfacemodels has progressed rapidly over the last few decades, asignificant acceleration in model development is required inorder to address critical scientific and societal issues. Inparticular, major advances are needed in the areas of satelliteand in situ observations (e.g. of water cycle variability andchange, of subsurface soils and hydrogeology, and ofstreamflow and groundwater levels), model development(e.g. of models that integrate the major components of thehuman and managed water cycles), data assimilation (e.g. ofalgorithms that can readily incorporate in situ and remoteobservations of asynchronous space-time frequency) and of aframework for integrating models and data (e.g. for access todata and simulation results, for running models, and forperforming analyses). In this presentation these needs arediscussed in detail. Recent regional-to-global efforts arehighlighted, with a view towards a modeling and dataintegration framework that can be applied across scales upto continental and global scales. The responsibility of thehydrologic research community to convey such importantobservational and simulation needs to funding agencies,resource managers, environmental decision and policymakers, and to the general public, is underscored.http://ucchm.orgFarg, Eslam F.Estimation of Evapotranspiration and CropCoefficient Kc of Wheat, in south Nile Delta ofEgypt Using integrated FAO-56 approach andremote sensing dataFarg, Eslam F. 1 ; Arafat, Sayed M. 1 ; Abd El-Wahed, MohamedS. 2 ; El-Gindy, Abd El-Ghany M. 31. Agriculture applications, Soils and Marine Sciencesdevision, National Authority for Remote Sensing andSpace Sciences, Cairo, Egypt2. Soil department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain ShamsUniversity, Cairo, Egypt3. Agriculture Engineering department, Faculty ofAgriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptCrop water requirements are represented by the actualcrop evapotranspiration. Estimation of cropevapotranspiration (ETc) using remote sensing data isessential for planning the irrigation water use in arid andsemiarid regions. This study focuses on estimating the cropcoefficient and crop evapotranspiration using SPOT-4satellite data integrated with the meteorological data and59FAO-56 approach. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) wereestimated using FAO Penman-Monteith and tabled singlecrop coefficient values were adjusted to real values. SPOT-4images geometrically and radiometrically corrected wereused to drive the vegetation indices (NDVI and SAVI). Multilinear regression analysis was applied to develop the cropcoefficient (Kc) prediction equations for the differentgrowth stages from vegetation indices .The results showedR2 were for developing, mid-season and late season growthstages 0.82, 0.90 and 0.97, and adjusted R2 0.80, 0.86 and0.96 respectively.which indicates that estimation of cropcoefficient and water requirements using remote sensingdata is essentially significant.The analysis shows the vegetation indices derived from satelliteimages and both of calculated and predicted values of cropcoefficient Kc follow the same trend through the different growthstages.the prediction equations for different growth stagesFarr, Tom G.Remote Monitoring of Groundwater with OrbitalRadarFarr, Tom G. 11. Earth and Space Sciences Div., JPL, Pasadena, CA, USAGroundwater is a significant source of fresh water inarid and semi-arid regions, but one that is difficult tomonitor. In developed areas, wells can be drilled which areused both for extraction and for monitoring groundwaterlevels. However, the expansion and contraction of aquifersdue to recharge and withdrawal of water may causedeformation of the Earth’s surface which can be observedand measured from orbit by interferometric syntheticaperture radar, or InSAR. Repeat-pass InSAR has been shownto be highly sensitive to surface deformation related toearthquakes, volcanoes, and fluid movements including oiland water. In particular, several studies have shown inflationand deflation directly correlated to recharge and withdrawalof water in Las Vegas, Phoenix, and Los Angeles. Time seriesof these data show a clear seasonal signal which correlateswith groundwater levels in wells. Initial results from a studyof California’s Central Valley show that with currently