2012 AGU Chapman Conference on Remote Sensing of the ...

long period time (1976-2010) was collected. Land use/landcover map was created with a supervised classificationmethod with satellite images dated in 2009. Soil map weregenerated using soil profile information in each land types.Slope was mapping in geographical information system. Inorder to study the water balance components, watershed wasdivided to 87 sub catchment according to digital elevationmodel and flow direction and flow accumulation. Then ineach sub catchment water components such as surfacerunoff, percolation, evapotranspiration and soil moisturewas estimated. The final results show the spatial andtemporal distribution of water balance components inwatershed. With this information we can planning andmanagement of watershed in order to optimized utilizationof water. For the future, of course it is possible to estimatewater balance components with remotely sensed data andcompare it with hydrological model. Keywords: Hydrologicalmodel, SWAT, SUFI-2http://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/sh/36647.htmlKarimi, PooladRemote sensing application to support wateraccounting in the transboundary Indus BasinKarimi, Poolad 1, 2 ; Bastiaanssen, Wim 2, 3 ; Cheema,Muhammad J. 2 ; Molden, David 41. International Water Management Institute, Battaramulla,Sri Lanka2. Water management, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands3. WaterWatch, Wageningen, Netherlands4. International Centre for Integrated MountainDevelopment, Kathmandu, NepalOver the last 50 years the world has changed from asituation where water appeared abundant, to a situation ofwater scarcity. Changes in population, changing diets,economic growth, are behind the increase in water use.Hence, the water sector calls for a better management so thatthe growing demands can be met in future. Paramount tobetter management is an appropriate understanding of theactual river basin conditions, based on factual datacombined with a way to recognize opportunities forimplementing and improving integrated water resourcesmanagement. Water accounting provides such an insightinto water flows in river basins. However, availability of dataon water flows, and consumptions is a major constraint forreliable water accounting in many river basins around theworld. In this paper we show how remote sensing can beemployed to fill the data gaps and to provide acomprehensive picture on water balance and watershedprocesses in a basin. The study focuses on the Indus which isone of the most densely-populated and hydrologicallycomplex river basins of the world. Information onevaporation (E) and transpiration (T), estimated usingETLook remote sensing model, together with calibratedTRMM rainfall and land use land cover map (LULC) wereused to prepare water accounts for 2007. For the purpose theWater accounting plus framework (WA+) was introduced.The WA+ is a tool that provides explicit information onwater flows and consumptions in a basin with a strong linkto land use management and has been essentially designedto allow use of satellite measurement. The results of theaccounting exercise show that the gross inflow to the basinwas 442 billion cubic meter (bcm). The net inflow, grossinflow plus storage changes, was 523 bcm of which 96%, 502bcm, is depleted. Landscape ET, ET that occurs directly fromrainfall, was 343 bcm. Incremental ET, or net withdrawals,was 158 bcm. Incremental ET is the abstracted water that isconsumed through ET and does not return to the systems.Surface and groundwater storages declined by 6.4 and 74bcm respectively in the accounting period. This implies howthe basin is dependent to the groundwater and how the fastdecline of groundwater can lead to food security issues if thesituation remains unchanged. The annual outflow of 21.3bcm is more than the required environmental flow of 12.3bcm. However, seasonal water accounts show that majorityof the outflow, 17.1 bcm happens during Kharif (wetsummer) and in Rabi (winter) the outflow is 2 bcm less thanrequired flow. The difference between outflows and theenvironmental flow, Utilizable flow, is 8 bcm which can beutilized by increasing surface storage. This will not onlylessen the pressure on groundwater resources but also willhelp to maintain the required environmental flowthroughout the year. However with future growth indemand, and questions about supply given climate changeimpact on glacial and snowmelt and resulting patterns ofwater availability, the Indus will continue to face waterscarcity problems. These results provide an importantbaseline from which better strategies for the future can bedeveloped.Kelly, Jacque L.Practical applications of infrared imagery forinvestigating submarine groundwater dischargeand other thermal anomalies in coastal zonesKelly, Jacque L. 1 ; Glenn, Craig R. 1 ; Lucey, Paul G. 21. Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa,Honolulu, HI, USA2. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology,University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USAAirborne thermal infrared remote sensing is a highlyeffective tool for mapping locations, surface distributions,and mixing characteristics of terrestrial groundwaterdischarge to the coastal ocean where even subtle temperaturedifferences exist between the receiving waters and thedischarging water. The spatially and temporally variablenature of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and itsmixing with seawater necessitates rapid, high-resolutiondata acquisition techniques, of which airborne thermalinfrared remote sensing is uniquely qualified. We have usedthermal infrared images acquired at 762 m – 2743 m altitudeto generate 0.5 m – 3.2 m resolution sea-surface temperaturemaps with