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Pathology of the Head and Neck

Pathology of the Head and Neck

Pathology of the Head and Neck

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ContentsXIII2.11.10 Low-Grade SinonasalAdenocarcinomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602.11.10.1 Non-Salivary-TypeLow-Grade Adenocarcinomas . . . . . . . 602.11.10.2 Salivary-TypeLow-Grade Adenocarcinomas . . . . . . . 612.11.11 Sinonasal Malignant Lymphomas . . . . . 612.11.12 Extramedullary Plasmacytoma . . . . . . 622.11.13 Fibrosarcoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622.11.14 Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma . . . . . 632.11.15 Leiomyosarcoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.11.16 Rhabdomyosarcoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.11.17 Malignant PeripheralNerve Sheath Tumour . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.11.18 Teratocarcinosarcoma . . . . . . . . . . . . 63References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 Oral Cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72J.W. Eveson3.1 Embryonic Rests <strong>and</strong> Heterotopias . . . . 723.1.1 Fordyce Granules/Spots . . . . . . . . . . . 723.1.2 Juxtaoral Organ <strong>of</strong> Chievitz . . . . . . . . 723.2. Vesiculo-Bullous Diseases . . . . . . . . . 723.2.1 Herpes Simplex Infections . . . . . . . . . 723.2.2 Chickenpox <strong>and</strong> Herpes Zoster . . . . . . 733.2.3 H<strong>and</strong>-Foot-<strong>and</strong>-Mouth Disease . . . . . . 733.2.4 Herpangina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743.2.5 Pemphigus Vulgaris . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743.2.6 Pemphigus Vegetans . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743.2.7 Paraneoplastic Pemphigus . . . . . . . . . 753.2.8 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid . . . . . . 753.2.9 Dermatitis Herpetiformis . . . . . . . . . 763.2.10 Linear IgA Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763.2.11 Ery<strong>the</strong>ma Multiforme . . . . . . . . . . . . 773.3 Ulcerative Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773.3.1 Aphthous Stomatitis(Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration) . . . . . 773.3.2 Behçet Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.3.3 Reiter Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.3.4 Median Rhomboid Glossitis . . . . . . . . 783.3.5 Eosinophilic Ulcer(Traumatic Ulcerative Granulomawith Stromal Eosinophilia) . . . . . . . . . 793.3.6 Acute NecrotisingUlcerative Gingivitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793.3.7 Wegener’s Granulomatosis . . . . . . . . . 803.3.8 Tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.4 White Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.4.1 C<strong>and</strong>idosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.4.2 Lichen Planus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823.4.3 Lupus Ery<strong>the</strong>matosus . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.4.4 Oral Epi<strong>the</strong>lial Naevi . . . . . . . . . . . . 843.4.5 Smoker’s Keratosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843.4.6 Stomatitis Nicotina . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843.4.7 Hairy Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853.4.8 Hairy Leukoplakia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853.4.9 Geographic Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853.4.10 Frictional Keratosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.5 Pigmentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.5.1 Amalgam Tattoo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.5.2 Localised Melanotic Pigmentation . . . . 863.5.2.1 Oral Melanotic Macules . . . . . . . . . . . 863.5.2.2 Melanoacanthoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.5.2.3 Pigmented Naevi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.5.3 Premalignant Oral Melanoses<strong>and</strong> Oral Melanoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.5.4 Addison Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883.5.5 Peutz Jeghers Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . 893.5.6 Racial Pigmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893.5.7 Laugier Hunziker Syndrome . . . . . . . . 893.5.8 Smoker’s Melanosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893.5.9 Drug-AssociatedOral Pigmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903.6 Hyperplastic Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . 903.6.1 Fibrous Hyperplasias . . . . . . . . . . . . 903.6.2 Papillary Hyperplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . 903.6.3 Generalised GingivalFibrous Hyperplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913.6.4 Crohn’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913.6.5 Or<strong>of</strong>acial Granulomatosis . . . . . . . . . 923.6.6 Chronic Marginal Gingivitis<strong>and</strong> Localised GingivalFibrous Hyperplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923.6.7 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma(Giant Cell Epulis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933.6.8 Pyogenic Granuloma . . . . . . . . . . . . 933.6.9 Pulse (Vegetable) Granuloma . . . . . . . 933.7 Benign Tumours<strong>and</strong> Pseudotumours . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943.7.1 Giant Cell Fibroma . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943.7.2 Lingual Thyroid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943.7.3 Verruciform Xanthoma . . . . . . . . . . . 953.7.4 Haemangiomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953.7.5 Lymphangioma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953.7.6 Benign Nerve Sheath Tumours . . . . . . . 953.7.6.1 Neur<strong>of</strong>ibroma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.7.6.2 Schwannoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.7.6.3 Neur<strong>of</strong>ibromatosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.7.6.4 Multiple Neuromasin Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome . . . . 963.7.7 Granular Cell Tumour(Granular Cell Myoblastoma) . . . . . . . 963.8 Squamous Cell Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . 963.8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.8.2 Clinical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973.8.2.1 Buccal Mucosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973.8.2.2 Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973.8.2.3 Floor <strong>of</strong> Mouth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

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