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transmitted to the Commission on Human Rights (“Commission”) (UN Sub-Commission on the Promotionand Protection of Human rights. Responsibilities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises withregard to human rights (E/CN.4/SUB.2/RES/2003/16). 20 Oct. 2003). In 2004 the Commission did threethings: first, confirmed the importance of TNCs responsibilities regarding human rights; second, requestedthe Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR) to report on the legal status of currentinitiatives; and third, affirmed the norms have no legal standing, and ordered the Sub-Commission not to beginmonitoring functions (Sub-Commission. The effects of the working methods and activities of transnationalcorporations on the enjoyment of human rights (E/CN.4/SUB.2/RES/2004/16). 9 Aug. 2004).92The Norms will have an effect in both the short and long term. In the short term, the Norms will become theinternational standard for corporate human rights responsibilities. In the long term, the Norms may serve as ablueprint for future international standards. It is also interesting to note that human rights treaties usually growout of declarations or other “soft-law” instruments as a necessary step in consensus building required for treatydrafting.93UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. “Preamble.” Norms on the responsibilitiesof transnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/12/Rev.2). 26 Aug. 2003. TNCs are further obligated to “… respect generally recognised responsibilities and normscontained in United Nations treaties and other international instruments…” some of which are listed in thepreamble.94Ibid.95UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Commentary on the Norms andresponsibilities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/38/Rev.2). 26 Aug. 2003. ). [Hereinafter referred to as UN Commentary.]96As with the discrimination provision contained in the Global Compact, its exclusion does not mean it isirrelevant to the discussion on CSEC. It is worth noting, that the provision enumerates age as grounds fordiscrimination, and then specifically states that children may be given greater protection.97UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Norms on the responsibilities oftransnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/12/Rev.2). 26 Aug. 2003. Point 20. [Hereinafter referred to as UN Norms.]98Ibid., point 21.99Ibid., point 22.100Ibid., point 23.101UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. “Preamble.” Norms on the responsibilitiesof transnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/12/Rev.2). 26 Aug. 2003. The list of documents is extensive. Some notable examples are: the Slavery Convention andthe Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similarto Slavery; the Convention on the Rights of the Child; the United Nations Convention against TransnationalOrganised Crime; and conventions and recommendations of the International Labour Organisation.102Ibid. Including: the Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy; theDeclaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work; the Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; and theUnited Nations Global Compact initiative).103Ibid.104UN Commentary. 1(a).105Ibid., 1(b). (TNCs have an obligation to exercise ‘due diligence’ to ensure they do not contribute to, or benefitfrom, human rights abuses; refrain from activities that undermine the rule of law and others efforts to promoteand ensure respect of human rights; and help promote and ensure respect for human rights).106UN Norms, C. Norms point 3 (specifically: war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, forceddisappearance, forced or compulsory labour, hostage-taking, extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions,other violations of humanitarian law and other international crimes against the human person as defined byinternational law, in particular human rights and humanitarian law).107Commentary, 3(a), 3(b).108Norms, point 4. See also Commentary 4(a) (lists relevant international Norms).109Commentary, 4(b), 4(d)Private Sector Accountability in Combating the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children|113