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force for positive change within their community without compromising their profit. TheInstitute realizes that “[c]odes of conduct alone do not effectively promote responsibilityand integrity into the workplace or sufficiently communicate a corporate commitment tointegrity”. 291 Training for employees is also necessary for employees to understand andapply the values and the code of the organisation.Similar to resolutions, codes of conduct are not always drafted with stern language. Forinstance, IFTO’s code of conduct recommends all members to remove any member fromtheir association who knowingly engages in or actively condones sexual exploitation ofchildren. The word “recommends” may fail to clearly define the limits of the organisations’responsibility.Codes of conduct without monitoring mechanisms have many limitations. They areoptional and are often self-serving. However, the existence of codes of conduct can enhancepressures upon local governments to acknowledge abuses, and bolster domestic legislation.This pressure could, too, extend beyond national borders, strengthening mechanisms forenforcement of protections on an international scale. The more optimistic supporters ofcodes of conduct have even suggested that, for the reasons provided above, the private sectorcould surpass governments in protecting fundamental rights, and that such benchmarkingcould lead to a “race to the top” whereby private sector businesses begin competing withone another to have the “best” record for protecting their local children. Finally, private lawsuits may result in the failure to comply with voluntary codes and can be taken as evidencethat the organisation or individual is not meeting industry standards or exercising duediligence.3.4 TransportationAlthough very much connected to the travel and tourism sub-sector, the transportationindustry has a unique role to play in efforts to combat CSEC. Certain actors within theindustry have already been explored elsewhere in this report, for example with regardsto the work of airline carriers. Because the transport industry includes such a vast arrayof other groups – from taxi companies to chartered buses – additional mention is madehere.It has been suggested that in the case of sex tourism, taxi companies have a key role to play.Often tourists visiting a new city are unaware of districts that may be home to childrenliving on the street or children being prostituted. Communication with a taxi driver isperhaps the quickest and safest means for tourists to find such locations and even be putPrivate Sector Accountability in Combating the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children|73