e-learning readiness - Asia Pacific Region - Open University Malaysia

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the existence of the digital divide among Malaysians. In order toaddress these issues, the following recommendations are forwarded:(a) Ensure equity in accessibility for everyone in rural and urbanareas by providing broadband facilities for all communities.Thus, the goal should be to provide adequate infrastructure for allcommunities, irrespective of where these communities are located.(b) Invigorate an ‘Internet in every home’ campaign (IIEH) so that allresponsible authorities may work toward a common goal. Underproper management, the ‘A computer in every home’ (ACIEH)campaign should also be revitalized.(c) Subsidise broadband Internet access to all schools and extendexisting computing facilities in IPTAs to the public.(d) Reduce Internet and broadband costs so that more individualscan afford to take advantage of the facility in order to run E-learning applications.(e) Ensure that providers are able to cater to large volumes ofinternet and broadband traffic by providing adequate bandwidthand with the use of appropriate technology.(f) Provide a national cost-free or subsidised Learning ManagementSystem (LMS) for all E-learning institutions, which may then beadapted and adopted.6.2.4 InfostructureThe main concerns with regards to infostructure are the development ofcontent, software, applications and authoring tools that are of high qualitydetermine the success of E-learning. Further, the presence of technicalstandards and criteria will facilitate informed decision-making in E-learning. For these reasons, the following recommendations areforwarded.(a) Select and adopt an appropriate LMS to cater to the needs ofusers in every organisation.(b) Integrate E-learning with tertiary, secondary and primaryeducation.(c) Train learners to use E-learning facilities in an ongoing manner.(d) Use a combination of print and online materials to ensure thatstudents who are yet to master the technical aspects ofdownloading and accessing materials are not left out.(e) Establish specific standards for Quality assurance and qualitycontrol so that content is appropriate and meets learner needs.Joint Study by MEWC and OUM 105
(f) Give incentives to companies that develop local E-learningcontents E-learning content.(g) Develop E-learning content that multilingual. Libraries wheresuch material is stored should be digitized, user friendly andaccessible to all, with a minimal membership fee being imposed.There should also be technical expertise at libraries to cater tolearner needs.(h) Utilize local expertise in developing E-learning content byfarming out the development of E-learning content to institutionswith well established content development teams.(i) Develop a system for sharing E-learning content among ASEANcountries.(j) Expand academicians’ role include E-content development inorder that E-learning becomes the mainstay of higher educationalinstitutions.(k) Introduce easily-operable authoring tools for the purpose ofcreating courseware and for conducting lectures in highereducational institutions.(l) Encourage electronic modes of communication so that all staff arecomputer and Internet savvy.(m) Conduct some training programmes online so that there is greaterawareness among government agencies, IPTAs, IPTS, andlearning institutions.(n) Establish E-learning clubs throughout the country as one stopcenters for technical problems and queries.(o) Make broadband facilities available nationwide to reduceaccessibility problems and the digital divide.6.2.5 Policy InitiativesAn important determinant of E-readiness in a country is the move towardestablishing effective policy initiatives geared toward E-learningeffectives. To this end, the following recommendations are forwarded:a) Investigate factors that hinder E-learning. For this purpose, anacademy of E-learning should be set up. Here experts wouldbestow recognition of e-learning expertise and specialization at anational level. The Academy would also initiate a systematiccompetency mapping effort to develop a database repository oflocal and international experts to promote collaboration of E-learning for continuous development.Joint Study by MEWC and OUM 106
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e-learning readinesse-learningMalay
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E-LEARNING READINESSIN MALAYSIA 200
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E-learning Readiness in Malaysia 20
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application of ICT to pave the way
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University College, lecturers are e
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1. The promotion of information flu
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1.4.1 The ELR InstrumentFour instru
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1.4.3 The RespondentsThe respondent
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(b) Area of Readiness:Content Readi
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2POLICY MAKERS ANDORGANISATIONSThis
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TABLE 2. Demographic Profile of Pol
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surveyed (including one policy make
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According to the data in Table 8 wh
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difference, however, can be observe
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Level of Overall Readiness among Po
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2019.616.7Percent1512.813.7106.95.9
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3PROVIDERSThis chapter presents the
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adequate for achieving the ideal ba
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TABLE 17. Provision of Applications
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TABLE 20. Preference for Single poi
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expertise to develop content for E-
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Finally, it was suggested that step
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According to a respondent, one of t
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In terms of financial readiness, th
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TABLE 28. Level of Overall Readines
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2524.02017.315Percent1012.013.310.7
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201516.4415.0716.4415.07Percent1010
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4ENABLERSThis section presents find
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month. This shows that, in general,
Page 65 and 66: As shown in Table 33, the top three
Page 67 and 68: learner-centred and therefore learn
Page 69 and 70: addressed. Further, enablers felt t
Page 71 and 72: Although most enablers acknowledge
Page 73 and 74: greater usage for E-learning. In ad
Page 75 and 76: Level of Overall Readiness among En
Page 77 and 78: 2017.518.51514.913.8FIGURE 17. Over
Page 79 and 80: 252020.017.6 17.0Percent1512.612.61
Page 81 and 82: 5RECEIVERSThis section reports the
Page 83 and 84: Refer to Table 48 for data on the t
Page 85 and 86: percent). Other uses of the compute
Page 87 and 88: used it for emailing. The use of th
Page 89 and 90: order to be a successful e-learner,
Page 91 and 92: The open-ended responses yielded a
Page 93 and 94: to the Internet as well as, bandwid
Page 95 and 96: TABLE 66. Receivers’ Perceptions
Page 97 and 98: E-learning Readiness in Malaysia 20
Page 99 and 100: 2524.620Percent1514.515.5 15.9108.5
Page 101 and 102: 2523.72017.7 17.2Percent1513.7108.8
Page 103 and 104: 6SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONSThis ch
Page 105 and 106: TABLE 71. Areas of Readiness among
Page 107 and 108: financial readiness. This may refle
Page 109 and 110: TABLE 72. Summary of Findings (cont
Page 115: (c) Employ a core team of personnel
Page 119 and 120: h) Recognise qualifications acquire
Page 121 and 122: AppendixesJoint Study by MEWC and O
Page 123 and 124: ChairpersonChief Secretary, Ministr
Page 125 and 126: OUM Committee on E-learning Readine
Page 127 and 128: Phase I (January - April 2004)Head,
Page 129 and 130: Rohani IsmailManagerTechnology Assi
Page 131 and 132: Phase III (August - October 2004)He
Page 133 and 134: Appendix EList of Major Respondents
Page 135 and 136: 33. Universiti Sains Malaysia34. Un
Page 137 and 138: A Study on E-learning Readiness in
Page 139 and 140: D. Environmental Readiness Yes No1.
Page 141 and 142: A Study on E-learning Readiness in
Page 143 and 144: Instruction: Please respond to the
Page 145 and 146: Appendix HSurvey Instrument for Ena
Page 147 and 148: 8. Do you use a computer?ٱNever ٱ
Page 149 and 150: 15. My organisation/institution pro
Page 151 and 152: Appendix ISurvey Instrument for Rec
Page 153 and 154: 4. I am enrolled/attending an in-se
Page 155 and 156: 13. Do you have Internet connection
Page 157 and 158: 15. Content for E-learning is appro
Page 159 and 160: Appendix JBiodata of the Working Gr
Page 161 and 162: Currently Fitri is on study leave a
Page 163 and 164: project. Currently, her focus is to
Page 165 and 166: Rohani IsmailRohani Ismail has grad
Page 167:
Prior to that, she was a Curriculum
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