Involuntary Displacement and Resettlement â Policy and ... - CEPA

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(a)(b)(c)those who have formal legal rights to land/house;those who do not have formal legal rights to land/house but havea claim to such land/house, provided that such claims arerecognised under the laws of the country;Those who have no recognisable legal right or claim to theland/house they are occupying.Persons covered under (a) and (b) above are eligible for cash compensationfor the value of land/house/assets they lose, and other assistance inaccordance with the next section. They are also offered the replacement costof housing in lieu of the value of the house and given a choice of getting thehighest packages. Persons covered under (c) above are provided withreplacement of basic shelter facilities and other resettlement assistance toachieve the objectives set out in this policy, given they occupy the projectarea prior to a cut-off date, i.e. January 2003 − the date of thesocio-economic survey. Persons who encroach on the area after the cut-offdate are not entitled to compensation or any other form of assistance. Allpersons included above are provided compensation for loss of assets otherthan land.NGOs as Partner OrganisationsObtaining the services of experienced NGOs as partner organisations toassist affected communities and act as intermediary between the project andPAPs, providing facilitation, assistance and guidance to PAPs, especially tothe poor, vulnerable groups and women.Participatory Monitoring & Evaluation Mechanism (PMEM)The PMEM is responsible for carrying out participatory monitoring andassessment, jointly with all stakeholders of the project, and to incorporatelessons learned into the next phase of the project cycle.Implementation GuidelinesPreparation of detailed Project Implementation Guidelines to assist theproject resettlement team, including NGO staff and field coordinators andenumerators.Community Information Center (CIC)The CIC disseminates information among PAPs to avoid confusion due to aninformation gap and to establish transparent processes and procedures toenhance active PAP involvement in the resettlement154
Staff TrainingA comprehensive training package was prepared including a set of trainingmanuals for the resettlement staff of the project, NGOs and MunicipalCouncils.Integrated Partnership Development ProgrammeA series of discussions were held with other agencies involved in developmentactivities in the area and an Integrated Partnership Programme was developedto ensure all agencies work in partnership.6 Main Tasks of the Resettlement ProcessThe project has implemented the Participatory Resettlement Process,through the following four main phases, grouping key tasks under eachphase:Phase I − Start up and Orientation Phase: A detailed field survey was carriedout to identify those who would be affected by the project and thecommunity made aware and encouraged, as stakeholders, to participate inthe planning. Criteria for eligibility to compensation and assistance wereapproved, as were the entitlement packages. Implementation guidelineswere set out and action plans prepared.Phase II − Social & Technical Preparation Phase: Social preparation involvedthe education of the community and the formation of core groups amongthem to build up their capabilities. Individual entitlements were assessedand agreed upon. Any grievances were directed towards the grievanceredress mechanism that was already in place. Technical preparation involvedmaking ready the resettlement sites and the basic infrastructure for them.House designs were varied, to better suit requirements, with feedback fromthe community itself. Skills of the community were assessed and they wereprovided with some training in house construction, enabling them to dosome work on their new houses themselves.Phase III − Participatory Resettlement Planning: Resettler households wereconsulted on improvements to housing and shelter design and site specificresettlement action plans were prepared. Off-catchment resettling wasfacilitated and technical assistance provided for house construction andrefurbishment.155
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AcknowledgementsOn behalf of the Ce
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ContentsAcknowledgements...........
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Common Threads in Resettlement Poli
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institutions, such as the World Ban
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high demand in the new, host locati
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The focus on vulnerability also hig
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Development projects often create g
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6 ConclusionsThe papers in this vol
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Chapter 1:Restoring Livelihoods
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1 IntroductionThe Southern Transpor
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livelihoods of the affected people
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The RIP also sets out allowances fo
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The replacement of agriculture land
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like tea, rubber and cinnamon have
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Retention of market networks is als
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ReferencesAsian Development Bank. I
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1 IntroductionCivil conflicts and d
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By overcoming the data collection c
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The above resettler’s income curv
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these IDPs. We do not see the need
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The next category is the Government
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Table 1: Detailed description of an
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of the household did find paid work
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this village suffered a more advers
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Frequency distributions of pre and
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Government Servants who engage in o
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displacement and arriving in Battic
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evidence that Asset Holders suffere
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Chambers, R., and Conway, G.R., 199
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qualitative data collected from foc
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3.2.1 Sampling plan for the follow-
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The government had to identify land
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Table 5.2: Housing situation of hou
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5.1.2.1 Quality and durability of t
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Table 5.8: Number of rooms per hous
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electricity has significantly incre
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Although the total fishing fleet ha
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Figure 6.1: Cumulative percentages
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7 Access to InfrastructureDamage to
Page 116 and 117: Lack of, or difficult, access to in
Page 118 and 119: Annex 1: Tsunami affected household
Page 120 and 121: Ampara 2 Kalmunai Kalmunaikudi 2 6P
Page 123 and 124: Conflict, Vulnerability and Long-te
Page 125 and 126: hetoric of displacement and maintai
Page 127 and 128: The educational performance of IDP
Page 129 and 130: Most locals did not expect the IDPs
Page 131 and 132: selected because they represent the
Page 133 and 134: controversial. People with a certai
Page 135 and 136: 4 Re-examining VulnerabilityThe stu
Page 137 and 138: IDPs and Hosts as Constitutive Cate
Page 139 and 140: local integration processes and the
Page 141 and 142: 3 From Policy Categories to Labelli
Page 143 and 144: The homogenising effect of the labe
Page 145 and 146: assist the displaced eased the phas
Page 147 and 148: In the case of the northern Muslims
Page 149 and 150: people becoming forced migrants; lo
Page 151 and 152: A key example is how a joint intere
Page 153 and 154: labelled ‘IDPs’ or ‘hosts’.
Page 155 and 156: COHEN, R., 2007. Response to Hathaw
Page 157: Chapter 3:Ensuring Equitable andPar
Page 160 and 161: 1 IntroductionWorldwide experience
Page 162 and 163: component (HS&CD) of the project, b
Page 164 and 165: The LEI&CDP Resettlement Policy Fra
Page 168 and 169: Phase IV - Consolidation, Community
Page 170 and 171: Table 1: Resettlement Programme Tar
Page 172 and 173: Table 4: Providing infrastructure s
Page 174 and 175: 8 Issues and conclusionsIssuesAbout
Page 176 and 177: ReferencesADB (1995): Involuntary R
Page 178 and 179: 31 IntroductionThe Southern Transpo
Page 180 and 181: The participation and consultation
Page 182 and 183: In a majority of cases APs have bee
Page 184 and 185: During the implementation of LARC,
Page 186 and 187: decision making process has increas
Page 189 and 190: Left Behind: Post-tsunami Resettlem
Page 191 and 192: To complicate their lives even more
Page 193 and 194: visited camps once every eight or n
Page 195 and 196: (from 206 to 50 sites) and the shel
Page 197 and 198: In October and November 2007, the s
Page 199 and 200: nuclear family established through
Page 201 and 202: struggle. The joint family, which i
Page 203 and 204: camps, although having received com
Page 205 and 206: Even though these families were liv
Page 207 and 208: Sunil earns a living collecting and
Page 209 and 210: Property negotiations are tedious a
Page 211 and 212: still remained in transitional shel
Page 213 and 214: for government and NGOs alike to be
Page 215 and 216: With respect to the transparency of
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ReferencesABRAMS, P., 1988. Notes o
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ANNEX9th Annual Symposium on Povert
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EVICTEDThis 25-minute documentary p
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