Sumter National Forest Final Report - NatureServe

ALLIANCE CONCEPTSummary: This alliance, found near the Great Lakes and in the southern Appalachian Mountains and northeastern United States, iscomposed of dry-mesic to mesic pine forests. Stands of this alliance are characterized by a moderate to complete tree canopy. Theshrub layer is absent to well-developed, while the herbaceous layer is moderately to poorly developed. Understory vegetation is sparsewhere the canopy is closed, due to the limited amount of light and the duff buildup on the forest floor. The overstory is heavilydominated by coniferous trees, usually Pinus strobus alone but sometimes with Pinus resinosa. Other canopy and subcanopy treesinclude Abies balsamea (in the northern part of this alliance's range), Acer rubrum, Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, and Thujaoccidentalis. The shrub layer typically contains species such as Acer spicatum, Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis,and Vaccinium spp., especially Vaccinium myrtilloides and Vaccinium angustifolium. The herb layer contains species adapted to thedry-mesic nature of stands of this alliance. These include Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Gaultheriaprocumbens, and Maianthemum canadense.Stands of this alliance are found on loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, and clay loam soils which are typically moderately deep to deep(60-100 cm) except in the Driftless Area where they may be very shallow. The soils are acidic and rarely contain a significant amountof organic material. Stands of this alliance are often found on glacial till or outwash plains, although in northeastern Minnesota theyoccur near lakes and on lower slopes. This alliance can be found on a variety of landscapes, varying from nearly level to rolling acrossmuch of its range to steep slopes in the Driftless Area. In the southern Appalachians these forests occur below 3000 feet (900 m)elevation on upper slopes and ridgetops protected by higher landforms, or as successional forests on abandoned agricultural land.Related Concepts:• Eastern Needleleaf Forests: 95: Great Lakes Pine Forest (Pinus) (Kuchler 1964) I• Eastern White Pine: 21 (Eyre 1980) I IA6f. Dry White Pine Ridge Forest (Allard 1990) I• Northern Dry-mesic Forest (Curtis 1959) I• White Pine BR, RV, CUPL (Pyne 1994) ?• White Pine Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990) ?Classification Comments: Natural Pinus strobus stands occur in mesic gorges of eastern Kentucky over Rhododendron maximum orwith a lush herbaceous stratum. KP 11-99: might these be closer to CEGL007102, in A.127? MP: Pinus strobus occurs as a disjunctspecies in Tennessee's Western Highland Rim (Cheatham and Dickson counties) but occurs in a mixed pine - oak forest community.ALLIANCE DISTRIBUTIONRange: This alliance is found in Michigan, northern Wisconsin, northern and eastern Minnesota, extreme northeastern Iowa, Maine,New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky (?), and Virginia. In Canada, it is found in Ontario.Subnations: GA, IA, KY?, ME, MI, MN, NB, NC, NH, NS?, NY, ON, PA, QC?, SC, TN, VA, VT, WI, WVTNC Ecoregions: 46:C, 47:C, 48:C, 49:C, 50:C, 51:C, 59:C, 60:C, 61:C, 62:C, 63:C, 64:CUSFS Ecoregions: 212Aa:CC?, 212Ab:CC?, 212Ba:CCP, 212Bb:CCP, 212Ca:CCC, 212Cb:CCC, 212Da:CCC, 212Ea:CCP,212Eb:CCP, 212Ec:CCC, 212Fa:C??, 212Fb:C??, 212Fc:C??, 212Ga:C??, 212Ha:CCC, 212Hb:CCP, 212He:CCP, 212Hh:CCC,212Hi:CCP, 212Hj:CCC, 212Hl:CCC, 212Hm:CCC, 212Ho:CCC, 212Hp:CCC, 212Hq:CCP, 212Hr:CCC, 212Hs:CCP, 212Ht:CCP,212Hu:CCP, 212Hv:CCP, 212Hw:CCP, 212Hx:CCP, 212Hy:CCP, 212Ia:CCC, 212Ja:CCP, 212Jb:CCC, 212Jc:CCC, 212Je:CCC,212Jf:CC?, 212Jj:CC?, 212Jl:CCC, 212Jm:CCC, 212Jn:CCP, 212Jr:CCC, 212Ka:CCC, 212Kb:CCC, 212La:CCC, 212Lb:CCC,212Lc:CCC, 212Ld:CCP, 212Ma:CCC, 212Mb:CCC, 212Na:CCC, 212Nb:CCC, 212Nc:CCC, 212Nd:CCP, 221Ae:CCC,221Af:CCP, 221Al:CCC, 221Ba:CPP, 221Ha:CCC, 221Hb:CCC, 221Hc:CCC, 221He:CCC, 221Ja:C??, 221Jc:C??, 222En:CCC,222Eo:CCC, 222Ib:C??, 222Ic:C??, 222Id:C??, 222Ie:C??, 222If:C??, 222Lc:CCC, 222Ld:CCC, 222Le:CCC, 222Lf:CCC,222Ma:CCC, 222Mc:CCC, 231:C, M212Ab:CCC, M212Ac:CCC, M212Ae:CCC, M212Ag:CCC, M212Ba:CCC, M212Bc:CCC,M212Cb:CCC, M212Cc:CCC, M212Da:CCP, M212Db:CCP, M212Dc:CCP, M212Ea:CCP, M212Eb:CCP, M212Fa:C??,M212Fb:C??, M221Aa:CCC, M221Ab:CCC, M221Ac:CCC, M221Bb:CCC, M221Bd:CCC, M221Bf:CCP, M221Cb:CPP,M221Cd:CPP, M221Da:CCC, M221Db:CCC, M221Dc:CCC, M221Dd:CCCFederal Lands: NPS (Acadia, Blue Ridge Parkway?, Carl Sandburg Home, Great Smoky Mountains, Voyageurs); USFS(Chattahoochee, Cherokee, Daniel Boone, George Washington, Jefferson, Nantahala, Pisgah, Sumter)ALLIANCE SOURCESReferences: Allard 1990, Burns and Honkala 1990a, Curtis 1959, DeYoung 1979, DuMond 1970, Eyre 1980, Faber-Langendoen etal. 1996, Govus 1982, Hinkle 1989, Kuchler 1964, MNNHP 1993, Ohmann and Ream 1971, Patterson 1994, Pyne 1994, Schafale andWeakley 1990, Sims et al. 1989, Tobe et al. 1992I.A.8.N.B. PINUS TAEDA FOREST ALLIANCE (A.130)LOBLOLLY PINE FOREST ALLIANCEALLIANCE CONCEPTSummary: This alliance includes both successional forests, following cropping or site conversion, and natural forests in thePiedmont, Cumberlands and Ridge and Valley, and Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. Other canopy and subcanopyspecies that may be present in successional stands are Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, PinusVegetation of Sumter National Forest April 30 2004Copyright © 2004 NatureServe4