Sumter National Forest Final Report - NatureServe

canadensis, Adiantum pedatum, Polystichum acrostichoides, Ageratina altissima var. roanensis, Hepatica nobilis var. acuta, Asarumcanadense, Stellaria pubera, Tiarella cordifolia, Clintonia umbellulata, Sedum ternatum, Mitella diphylla, Osmorhiza claytonii,Dryopteris intermedia, Arisaema triphyllum, Cystopteris protrusa, Trillium grandiflorum, Viola canadensis, Dicentra canadensis,Dicentra cucullaria, Hydrophyllum canadense, Hydrophyllum virginianum, Phacelia bipinnatifida, Phacelia fimbriata, Delphiniumtricorne, Carex austrocaroliniana, Carex manhartii, Carex plantaginea, and Carex platyphylla. These forests mainly occur onprotected, mesic, low to moderate elevation (2000-4500 feet, 610-1370 m) sites, primarily broad coves and lower slopes. Forests inthis alliance are known from the Southern Blue Ridge of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia, and theCumberland Mountains of Kentucky. More information is needed to characterize forests provisionally assigned to this alliance thatoccur in the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia and Ohio and in Indiana.Related Concepts:• Appalachian mesophytic forest (Evans 1991) I• Beech - Sugar Maple: 60 (Eyre 1980) I• IA5a. Southern Appalachian Mesophytic Cove Forest (Allard 1990) ?• Mesic Central Forest (Smith 1991) I• Mixed Mesophytic BR (Pyne 1994) ?• Mixed mesophytic forest (Fike 1999) ?• Rich Cove Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990) ?• Yellow-Poplar: 57 (Eyre 1980) IClassification Comments: NoneALLIANCE DISTRIBUTIONRange: This alliance is found in southern Indiana, southern Ohio, West Virginia, Virginia (?), Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina,South Carolina, and Tennessee. Forests in this alliance are known from the Southern Blue Ridge of North Carolina, South Carolina,Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia, and the Cumberland Mountains of Kentucky. More information is needed to characterize forestsprovisionally assigned to this alliance that occur in the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia and Ohio and in Indiana.Subnations: GA, IN, KY, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WVTNC Ecoregions: 44:C, 49:C, 50:C, 51:C, 52:C, 59:CUSFS Ecoregions: 221Ea:CCC, 221Eb:CCC, 221Ec:CCC, 221Ed:CCC, 221Ee:CCC, 221Ef:CCC, 221Eg:CCC, 221Ha:CPP,221Hb:CPP, 221Hc:CPP, 221He:CPP, 222E:CC, 222F:CC, 231Ab:CCC, 231Ad:CCC, M221Aa:CCC, M221Ab:CCC,M221Bb:CCC, M221Bd:CCC, M221Be:CCC, M221Cc:CC?, M221Cd:CCC, M221Ce:CCC, M221Da:CCC, M221Db:CCC,M221Dc:CCC, M221Dd:CCCFederal Lands: NPS (Blue Ridge Parkway, Great Smoky Mountains); USFS (Chattahoochee, Cherokee, Daniel Boone, GeorgeWashington, Jefferson, Nantahala, Pisgah, Sumter)ALLIANCE SOURCESReferences: Allard 1990, Boufford and Wood 1977, Chapman 1957, Cooper 1963, Cooper and Hardin 1970, Dellinger unpubl. data1992, DuMond 1970, Evans 1991, Eyre 1980, Faber-Langendoen et al. 1996, Fike 1999, Golden 1974, Govus 1982, Greenlee 1974,Malter 1977, McLeod 1988, Newell et al. 1997, Patterson 1994, Pyne 1994, Rodgers and Shake 1965, Schafale and Weakley 1990,Smith 1991, Thomas 1966, Tobe et al. 1992, Tucker 1973, Weakley et al. 1979, Whigham 1969, Whittaker 1956I.B.2.N.A. LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA FOREST ALLIANCE (A.236)TULIPTREE FOREST ALLIANCEALLIANCE CONCEPTSummary: This alliance includes deciduous forests dominated by Liriodendron tulipifera, primarily in areas which were onceclearcut, old fields, or cleared by fire or other natural disturbances. These non-wetland forests are also found along mesic streamterraces and on upland mountain benches. Forests in this alliance are abundant in the central and southern Appalachians, below 915 m(3000 feet) elevation, usually associated with disturbance and on the most productive sites, but also occur in the Coastal Plain,Piedmont, Ridge and Valley, and Cumberland Plateau. This alliance includes pure, often even-aged stands of Liriodendron tulipiferaas well as forests with Liriodendron tulipifera associated with other species favored by canopy openings. Associated species varywith geographic location. Throughout most of the range of this alliance, Acer rubrum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Betula lenta, Acersaccharum, and Acer negundo are common components. In the Piedmont and Coastal Plain, Liquidambar styraciflua is a commonassociate. In the Appalachians, Halesia tetraptera, Tsuga canadensis, Tilia americana var. heterophylla (= Tilia heterophylla),Prunus serotina var. serotina, and Magnolia fraseri can be additional components. In the Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Plateau,additional species include Quercus rubra, Magnolia acuminata, Carya alba, Carya glabra, Pinus virginiana, Sassafras albidum,Pinus strobus, Carpinus caroliniana, Asimina triloba, and Staphylea trifolia. Herbaceous strata are not diverse and, in the southernAppalachians, this feature distinguishes these forests from rich cove forests in Liriodendron tulipifera - Tilia americana var.heterophylla - Aesculus flava - Acer saccharum Forest Alliance (A.235). Vines can be abundant including Vitis spp., Smilax spp.,Aristolochia macrophylla, and Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Forests in this alliance occur on middle to lower slopes, sheltered covesand gentle concave slopes, and river terraces over various soils and geologies. Vegetation of this alliance is uncommon in Louisiana.Vegetation of Sumter National Forest April 30 2004Copyright © 2004 NatureServe12