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10th International Workshop on Technical and Scientific Aspects of MST RadarMST10held at the University of Piura in Peru, 13-20 May 2003Plenary Session:RESOLUTION ON E-REGIONConsidering that:a) Theoretical understanding of mid-latitude E region plasma irregularities remainscontroversial,b) The phenomenon appears to be an intriguing example of plasma-neutral coupling atmultiple scales,c) Recent radar imaging work shows a great potential for resolving the unsettled questions,It is resolved that:1) Further multi-instrument campaigns including multiple-receiver radar radar imagingsystems should be organized to study the mid-latitude E-region,2) Funding agencies and international organizations provide support for such campaigns aswell as efforts to develop multiple-receiver capabilities at existing and new radar sites.40
Session I.1: Radar scattering processes in theneutral atmosphereThe following three main scattering mechanisms are important for atmosphericradars operating in the UHF/VHF regime: (1) Rayleigh scatter from hydrometeors, insects,etc.; (2) Bragg scatter from turbulent refractive-index fluctuations; (3) Fresnel scatter fromrefractive-index interfaces that are thin compared to the radar wavelength. Often, more thanone of these three scattering mechanisms is relevant to a given observed data set, whichmay make the unambiguous retrieval of meteorological observables difficult, sometimesimpossible. For example, the backscattered power may no longer be interpreted as beingrelated to turbulence characteristics if Rayleigh scatter or Fresnel scatter contributes to, oreven dominates the observed backscattered power.In this session, observational and theoretical investigations (1) on how to separatethe effects of different scattering mechanisms in the same data set, and on (2) radar echocharacteristics in different radar configurations and their interpretations are presented.Emphasis will be placed on contributions that discuss new observations (e.g., multi-beam,multi-frequency, multi-receiver, and/or multi-regime radar observations, alsointercomparisons <strong>with</strong> in situ measurements) on the basis of innovative, first-principletheoretical analysis.Conveners:H. Luce and A. Muschinski41
Page 1 and 2: MST10Tenth InternationalWORKSHOPOn
Page 3 and 4: MST 10 Group PictureMay 15 th , 200
Page 5 and 6: TENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TEC
Page 7 and 8: Table of ContentsPREFACE ..........
Page 9 and 10: I.2.18 FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF PMSE
Page 11 and 12: I.3.27 NEW MST RADAR METHODS FOR ME
Page 13 and 14: I.4.19 STUDY OF A MESOSCALE LAND-TO
Page 15 and 16: I.5.502 AN ATTEMPT TO CALIBRATE THE
Page 17 and 18: PrefaceMST10The Tenth International
Page 19 and 20: and the local organizing committee,
Page 21 and 22: The operational aspects and recent
Page 23 and 24: To improve the understanding of dyn
Page 25 and 26: Improving MST radar resolution by u
Page 27 and 28: latitudes, arguing that the former
Page 29 and 30: Report on Session I.3 “Winds, Wav
Page 31 and 32: Turbulence.The session then moved i
Page 33 and 34: Report on Session I.4 “Meteorolog
Page 35 and 36: Multiple Antenna Profiling Radar (M
Page 37 and 38: Report on Session II “Novel Persp
Page 39 and 40: synchronized by GPS and connected v
Page 41 and 42: The highly positive response of the
Page 43 and 44: 10th International Workshop on Tech
Page 45: 10th International Workshop on Tech
Page 49 and 50: ⎡7800 ∂q⎤(3)⎢ 15500q⎥M =
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2 compares profiles of ω B
Page 53 and 54: Figure 1: Data from the MST radar a
Page 55 and 56: Ri =shear2ωB22⎛ ∂u⎞ ⎛ ∂v
Page 57 and 58: Meridional (deg)1050−5−10Echo P
Page 59 and 60: Subarray Configuration, Capon Metho
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 2 PMSE plot (SOUSY Svalbard Ra
Page 63 and 64: VHF radar interferometry had shown
Page 65 and 66: turbulence. From Figures 1 and 2, i
Page 67 and 68: SummaryFrom the aspect sensitivity
Page 69 and 70: a specific range. In this work, syn
Page 71 and 72: P C(dB)(a) Echo Power60504030200.70
Page 73 and 74: most occidental area of South Ameri
Page 75 and 76: Quegan, 1992). It should be useful
Page 77 and 78: measurements, is shown in figure 1(
Page 79: The present observations thus empha
Page 82 and 83: RECENT OBSERVATIONS OF E REGION FIE
Page 84 and 85: measured spectra in order to separa
Page 86 and 87: drifts at E and F regions heights b
Page 88 and 89: • Are characterized by type II ec
Page 90 and 91: The main parameters that could be o
Page 92 and 93: THE ROLE OF UNSTABLE SPORADIC-E LAY
Page 94 and 95: (σ H / σ P )E y (where σ H and
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STUDY OF A LOW E-REGION QUASI-PERIO
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100 m/syrFigure 4: Geometry of the
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Where the notations carry same mean
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Where dx/dt and dy/dt are the veloc
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non-negativity of the image is prio
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spectrum corresponding to the backs
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The Artigas and Machu-Picchu Statio
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Arguments against the second altern
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Extension of the Kolmogorov spectru
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volumeESRvolumeSSRSSR SSRESR ESRSSR
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individual particles in a statistic
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Anomalous spectraTalkner [4] studie
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To observe the E region FAI echoes,
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matter daytime or nighttime and are
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two sub-arrays, each sub-array made
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4. SummaryHere we describe a radio
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Figure 1. E-region DPS4 spectra, ri
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effects. It is therefore plausible
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1996 and high in 2002). The electri
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electric fields map along the geoma
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SNR condition is always difficult a
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Figure-4 Power spectrum plots of a
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As we show below, Jicamarca offers
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particularly during daytime counter
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where ˆδ nm = (δ l − δ m )
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PMSE is more easily interpreted as
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ResultsTemperature climatology• s
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Simultaneous PMSE and NLC observati
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ResultsSeasonal variationMSE are no
Page 155 and 156:
Figure 2: MSE parameters as functio
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Session I.3: Winds, waves and turbu
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poor. It was shown that poor perfor
Page 161 and 162:
The use of diffraction pattern simi
Page 163 and 164:
F 13 (ξ x ′) = (1 − cos 2ψ N)
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Figure 3: (a) Baseline length depen
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3. ResultsFigure 1 shows the amplit
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variability.Figure 4 shows the aver
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Figure 1. Period-time amplitude wav
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the 12-h and 24-h periodicities in
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winds and variances at altitudes 70
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similar correlation with larger mag
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of the refraction index are not equ
Page 181 and 182:
Fig. 8. Zonal wind (top) and temper
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STUDIES ON ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVE
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1100-1200 hours. From this plot 6.3
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STUDIES ON WINDS AND MOMENTUM FLUXE
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3.4 Monthly variation of momentum f
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DEEP PENETRATIVE CONVECTION AND GEN
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ly changes direction with time with
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189
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191
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193
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These two last relations are the on
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3.2.1 From v ′2 to ɛ kThe questi
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5.2 Frequency distributionsSeveral
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ReferencesAlisse J.-R. and C. Sidi.
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Röttger J. and C.H. Liu. Partial r
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Specular reflection is negligible f
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−0.5C n2 Distribution (PROUST & S
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the beamwidth, α is the zenith ang
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this latitude in late April). Surfa
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Fig. 1. Median (upper) winds and (l
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Fig.1. Lines of constant radial vel
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which have not yet been considered
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is calculated from the radiosonde t
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Figure 3: Time-altitude cross-secti
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Absorption of cosmic noise is cause
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Incoherent scatter spectracompared
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variations of spectral widths, refr
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Figure 1. Diurnal variation of Turb
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further experimental test of the ST
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waves can be observed more clearly
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winter and a minimum in summer near
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The main recently assumed mechanism
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Figure 2. Statistics of numbers of
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LIDAR OBSERVATIONS OF MIDDLE ATMOSP
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latitudinal dependence of the seaso
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APPLICATION OF THE DUAL-BEAMWIDTH M
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Figure 2: Mean zonal and meridional
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JLKLLK/ILIL6II/G/II/G/LEODFLK/LO/DD
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The monthly diurnal mean of horizon
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Session I.4: Meteorological Phenome
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Integration of the VHF wind profile
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Figure 1 : Map of the Lago Maggiore
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precipitating clouds, the cyclonic
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Eyewall(a)(b)(c)(d)Fig. 3: Radius-h
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as low as 0.55. The Piura 50-MHz ra
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place features in the profile with
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• Period 1 (June 1-10): SCCs exis
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Sumatera occurs by stratiform cloud
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very interesting to note the double
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20(a) Convective Region(b) Transiti
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Typhoon LekimaFig. 2 Typhoon Lekima
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Fig. 5 Passage of typhoon Hayan on
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the 50 cm 2 sensor head, enabling t
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22 June 2000 23:22:23 - 23:24:20 at
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the time-height section of a convec
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Thurai, M., T.Iguchi,T. Kozu, J.D.E
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There are two main mechanisms which
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Horel, J.D. and Cornejo-Garrido, A.
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estimating two independent and redu
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RASS THETA (K) RASS v-component (m/
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Surface winds usually range from 10
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weak (maximum of 5 m s -1 ) and the
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The vertical component from the VTB
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Figure 8 shows the profile of virtu
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2 3D ( , ) ( ) ( ) ˆ ( ) ˆp∆ xm
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presented in Praskovsky et al. (200
Page 313 and 314:
In Fig. 2 a sketch of a mountain le
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In Fig. 8 the lamina is aligned on
Page 317 and 318:
Figure 1: composite day (13 days) o
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virtual sensible heat fluxes ( Wm-2
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3. Characteristics of precipitation
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Fig. 3: Horizontal distribution of
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3. Results and discussionUHF profil
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Figure 4. Monthly variation of slop
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system with two receiving antennae,
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cycle of precipitation. Figure 3(a)
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Histogram of Zonal Velocityh=5.13 K
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5. Summary of results and concludin
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the two nearby major cities, Chenna
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Boundary layer height, km32.521.5(a
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Figure 1:Data from the MST radar at
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spectral processing. In this partic
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3. Results and discussionIn the pre
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4. SummaryAn attempt has been made
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The purpose of this study is to exa
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Figure1. Three-day average of momen
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3. The improved method to estimate
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But in case of period until 1800 UT
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Session I.5: Operational Aspects an
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The profilers of WINDAS weredesigne
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NOAA, 1994 : Wind profiler assessme
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FIRST RESULTS OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER
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Figure 3. Pulse Design Diagram to s
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MOVEABLE UHF/S-BAND PROFILER/DISDRO
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one-minute Z values determined from
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TOWARD A MULTISENSOR GROUND BASED R
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3. Cloud Evolution Case StudyOn the
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DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL RECEIVER F
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Experiment 1 Experiment 2IPP 999Km
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ELECTRONIC DIGITAL BEAMFORMING IMPL
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The main element of the unit (figur
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.ON-LINE ADAPTIVE DC-GROUND-CLUTTER
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esulting in a widening of the bandw
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ON THE RADIATION EFFICIENCY OF COCO
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Table 2: Experiment #1 results, Tra
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A NEW NARROW BEAM MF RADAR AT 3 MHZ
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Off-zenith beams towards N, S, E, W
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95ALWIN VHF radar: signal powerdB80
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ANTENNA BEAM VERIFICATION USING COS
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Figure 2: A 45 MHz reference sky te
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AN ATTEMPT TO CALIBRATE THE UHF STR
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is at 4.7 km, but in the first 4-ga
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QUALITY CONTROL FOR DOPPLER WIND PR
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The resulting moments are subjected
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SOUSY RADAR AT JICAMARCA: SYSTEM DE
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NEControl andcomputer roomCompCoute
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THE EQUATORIAL ATMOSPHERE RADAR:SYS
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Table 1: Specifications of the EAR
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VHF ATMOSPHERIC AND METEOR RADAR IN
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ased upon a geotechnical engineerin
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VORTICAL MOTIONS OBSERVED WITH THE
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interpolation from the original gri
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A NEW MINIRADAR TO INVESTIGATE URBA
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e eliminated to analyze correctly t
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Session PWG 1: System Calibrations
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Session PWG 2: Data Analysis, Valid
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• the time series vectors x(k) of
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Fig. 4: reflectivity of the hydrome
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Session PWG 3: Accuracies and Requi
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Session PWG 4: International Collab
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Session II.E: NOVEL PERSPECTIVES AN
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2 Proposed AlgorithmReceived signal
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N#4E-1-16E1A1#1#2A-1-1C1#3C-1-19Fig
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of conventional DCMP, with which th
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applying the directional constraint
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while for a beam of finite width, t
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In order to make the process more q
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WHAT IS TURBULENCE SEEN BY VHF RADA
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Enhanced resolution applyingpulse s
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Beckmann, Spizichino, 1964Fig. 8 Po
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Fig. 11 Plots of temporal variation
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Fig. 14 Distributions of phase cent
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Hocking, W.K., Radar studies of sma
Page 467 and 468:
THE STRUCTURE FUNCTION-BASED APPROA
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{ Ui( t), Vi( t), Wi( t)} = { Ui ,
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161). Assumption 2H: the instantane
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Only the second order SF are consid
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fluctuations umk( t ) along the bas
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VHF PARASITIC RADAR INTERFEROMETRYF
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• All the costs of transmitter pr
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Figure 2: Example of range-azimuth
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Target Altitude, km1009080706050403
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ReferencesGriffiths, H. D., A. J. G
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Participants ListAvery, James P.Uni
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Hysell, David L.EAS/Cornell Univers
Page 491 and 492:
Silva, Robert R.ATRADAustraliarsilv
Page 493 and 494:
AAdachi, A. .......................
Page 495:
TTabary, P. .......................
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