1+2/2010 - Společnost pro pojivové tkáně

BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING INHUMANS USING MATRICES, CELLSAND SIGNALING MOLECULESSchuckert, K.H., Jopp, S. (Hannover, SRN)The history of bone tissue engineeringgoes from the first publication by Urist1965 via the application of growth factorsin animals and humans of the 1990s toscaffolds and the use of mesenchymal stemcells today. ACS (bovine colagen) beingpart of the kid of the bone morfogeneticproteins proves to be disadvantegenousbecause of its insufficient structuregiving feature and the substantial immuneresponse when applied in humans. The useof mesenchymal stem cells causes similarproblems as those already known from thetransplantation of autogenous bone, i.e.infection, resorption and necrosis.The importance of the scaffoldsstructuring factors for the adhesion of osteoblastsseems to be exctremely high. If nobony walls are available, the reconstructionof large bony defects requires an additionaluse of growth factors.With the combination of scaffolds andgrowths factors the autogenous bone transplantationcan be completely renouncedand for this reason the known complicationsresulting from a secondary surgicaloperation can be eliminated.GENDER SPECIFIC EFFECTSOF TRPV4 ON OSTEOPOROTICFRACTURE RISK ANDOSTEOBLAST – OSTEOCLASTCOUPLINGBCJ van der Eeerden, M. Koedam, F. Rivadeneira,JB van Meurs, JGJ Hoenderop, H Weiunans,M. Suzuki, et al.(Rotterdam, Nijmegen – Nizozemí, Tochigi –Japonsko)TRPV4 is a member of the transientreceptor potential (TRP) superfamily andrespons to an array of stimuli, includingosmolarity, heat, pH, temperature and pressure.Recent findings showing that TRPV4deficiency leads to reduced sensing ofmechanical stimuli led us to explore therole of TRPV 4 in bone.In conclusion TRPV 4 plays an importantrole in male but nor female bone biology.TPRV4 deficiency results in a malespecific increasse in bone mass implicatinga negative role for TRPV4 in male bonemetabolism. In line with this male specificity,variations in the TRPV 4 gene are predictingfracture risk in men but not in women.Poznámka: TPV4 genová mutaceje lokalizována na dlouhém raménku12. chromozomu 12q24 mezi 3. a 4. exonem.U mužů mutace zvyšují riziko, alene u žen. Jedná se o riziko non vertebrálníchfraktur. Sledování v experimentu bylozaměřeno na tloušťku kortikalis krčkufemuru. Mutace v exonu 3 a 4 genu TRPV4 jsou spojeny obecně s rizikem non vertebrálníchfraktur u mužů, ale ne u žen.MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSISOF TIEG 1 OSTEOCYTES BYTRANSMISSION ELECTRONMICROSCOPYHaddad, O., Hawse, J.R. et al. (Compiegne –Francie a Rochester – USA)Through the use of TGF beta inducibleEarly Gene 1 TIEG 1 knockout (KO) mice,we have demonstrated that TIEG 1 playsan important role in osteoblast mediatedbone mineralization in bone thicknessand in resistance to mechanical strain. Inorder to further examine the role of TIEG1 in bone tissue, the osteocyte genotypes114LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM vol. 17, 2010, No. 1+2