Basic Research Needs for Geosciences - Energetics Meetings and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION: TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATIONOF FLUID TRAPPING, ISOLATION, AND IMMOBILIZATIONfracture structures, and to estimate multiphase flow and transport and characteristics within thepores with the spatial resolution required (on the order of meters) for evaluation of the processesthat are occurring within the reservoir. New concepts should be explored involving combinationsof methods that produce complementary excitations, new resonance modes, and/or waveformconstructive/destructive interference over a range of spatial scales. To assess the wide range ofscales required to characterize the heterogeneous reservoir will require new analysis approachesand the integration of deterministic and probabilistic methods. Some investigations may beinitiated by using existing datasets, particularly those available from industry, or from scientificprojects like the San Andreas Fault Observatory and Depth (SAFOD) project.Modified figure courtesy of Roel SniederFigure 44. Image of the San Andreas fault and adjacent subfaults obtained from natural earthquakes (color imagefrom Chavarria, J.A., Malin, P., Catchings, R.D. and Shalev, E., A look inside the San Andreas fault at Parkfieldthrough vertical seismic profiling: Science 302, 1746–1748 (2003); reprinted with permission from AAAS), andfrom drill-bit noise (interferometric image from Vasconcelos et al. 2007). Reflection 2 is caused by the San Andreasfault.SCIENTIFIC IMPACTSThis area of research will generate a step change in the platform needed for the understandingand prediction of complex multiphase and reactive flow systems, including the effects ofcapillarity, pore-scale, reservoir-scale and basin-scale properties. The advances will allow thegeneration of a new level of integrated understanding (and management) of complexhydrogeological flows in the subsurface. The basic science at the core of the activity relates tothe characterization and quantification of the interactions and feedbacks between competing flowprocesses and mechanisms in an evolving complex, multicomponent, multivariable and136 Basic Research Needs for Geosciences: Facilitating 21 st Century Energy Systems
PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION: TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATIONOF FLUID TRAPPING, ISOLATION, AND IMMOBILIZATIONmultiscale system. The dependence of the large-scale system behavior on local or transientperturbations of flow is common to many fluid dynamic problems.Characterizing the detailed multiscale coupling between flow, geomechanics, fluid pressure andreactive flow processes will impact the identification of the key dependencies and uncertainties.In addition, the research will advance the understanding of flow path and stress path evolutionthat controls the future strength, deformation, permeability and flow behavior in a system.The research area has the potential to affect a broad range of research fields where multiscale,spatial and temporal variations in flow control a host of critical geological processes:groundwater flow, contamination, remediation, fluid-controlled mineralization or dissolution,focused flow migration along high permeability pathways (lithology, faults and fractures), andfluid trapping/storage critical to locating hydrocarbon accumulations and mineral ore deposits.TECHNOLOGY IMPACTSModeling, design, construction, and operation of CO 2 sequestration facilities require definingparameters such as the total volume of CO 2 to be injected, the rate of injection, and operatingrules. These include criteria for injection rates (so as to maximize mixing and mineralizationprocesses), potential additives (so as to promote capillary barriers or capillary retentionmechanisms), and other aspects of managing reservoirs and waste disposal.In the short term the limiting factor for injection is most likely pressure buildup. Continuedisolation, before dissolution and mineralization become the dominant storage mechanisms, islargely dependent on the integrity of the cap rock. Excessive pressure may compromisemechanical stability. Over time mechanical properties of the rock will change because ofdissolution of resident minerals and precipitation of new mineral phases. Understanding of howCO 2 injection affects mechanical properties is required for site selection, for design, and forlong-term performance assessment.Pressure buildup depends on overall reservoir flow rate and permeability. Flow rate can becontrolled during operation. Permeability is site specific, but will change in response togeochemical changes on both rock (dissolution/precipitation) and fluids (viscosity and phasesaturation). Therefore, it is necessary to quantify these for site selection and operations.Dissolution, mineralization, and capillary trapping processes can be accelerated by enhancingmixing rates. This can be achieved by promoting temporally fluctuating pressure gradients, butthe rates of actual mechanisms depend on the local fluid interactions with heterogeneousmineralogy (Dentz and Carrera 2003). Therefore, proper understanding of how thesemechanisms act at the local scale will impact how injection technology is employed.Understanding trapping and isolation processes involves situations that are common in manysubsurface aquifers or oil fields. In fact, they are similar to those affecting Enhanced OilRecovery (EOR). Therefore, an improved understanding of these processes has direct applicationto improved EOR and production efficiency. Less direct, but equally likely, are the links withcontaminant hydrogeology, soil science, or mineral exploitation (dissolution mining).Basic Research Needs for Geosciences: Facilitating 21 st Century Energy Systems 137
Page 6 and 7:
TABLE OF CONTENTSBasic Science Chal
Page 9 and 10:
TABLE OF CONTENTSTechnology Impacts
Page 13 and 14:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYpurpose of linking
Page 15 and 16:
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONWorldwide e
Page 17 and 18:
INTRODUCTIONway into the rock forma
Page 19 and 20:
PANEL REPORTSMULTIPHASE FLUID TRANS
Page 21:
PANEL REPORT: MULTIPHASE FLUID TRAN
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
PANEL REPORT: CHEMICAL MIGRATION PR
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
PANEL REPORT: SUBSURFACE CHARACTERI
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
PANEL REPORT: MODELING AND SIMULATI
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
66 Basic Research Needs for Geoscie
Page 82 and 83:
GRAND CHALLENGE: COMPUTATIONAL THER
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
GRAND CHALLENGE:INTEGRATED CHARACTE
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101: GRAND CHALLENGE:INTEGRATED CHARACTE
Page 110 and 111: GRAND CHALLENGE: SIMULATION OF MULT
Page 120 and 121: 106 Basic Research Needs for Geosci
Page 122 and 123: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION:MINERAL
Page 128 and 129: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION:NANOPAR
Page 136 and 137: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION:DYNAMIC
Page 146 and 147: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION: TRANSP
Page 154 and 155: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION:FLUID-I
Page 160 and 161: PRIORITY RESEARCH DIRECTION:BIOGEOC
Page 168 and 169: 154 Basic Research Needs for Geosci
Page 170 and 171: CROSSCUTTING ISSUE:THE MICROSOPIC B
Page 172 and 173: CROSSCUTTING ISSUE:THE MICROSOPIC B
Page 174 and 175: CROSSCUTTING ISSUE:HIGHLY REACTIVE
Page 180 and 181: CROSSCUTTING ISSUE:THERMODYNAMICS O
Page 182 and 183: CROSSCUTTING ISSUE:THERMODYNAMICS O
Page 184 and 185: REFERENCESBenner, S.G., Hansel, C.M
Page 186 and 187: REFERENCESChen, J., Hubbard, S., Pe
Page 188 and 189: REFERENCESEnnis-King, J., Preston,
Page 190 and 191: REFERENCESHolman, H.-Y., Perry, D.L
Page 192 and 193: REFERENCESLi, L., and Tchelepi, H.A
Page 194 and 195: REFERENCESNeal, A.L., Techkarnjanar
Page 196 and 197: REFERENCESReeves, P.C., and Celia,
Page 198 and 199: REFERENCESSteefel, C.I., DePaolo, D
Page 200 and 201:
REFERENCESZachara, J.M., Ainsworth,
Page 202 and 203:
AppendicesBasic Research Needs for
Page 204 and 205:
APPENDIX 1: TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVES
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
APPENDIX 2: WORKSHOP PROGRAMThursda
Page 260 and 261:
Basic Research Needs for Geoscience
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286:
APPENDIX 4: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATI
show all

Basic Research Needs for Geosciences - Energetics Meetings and ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?