Basic Research Needs for Geosciences - Energetics Meetings and ...

PANEL REPORT: SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATIONFigure 12. Plan view of the reflectivity of the B-fault in Figure 10 from two time-lapse seismic surveys. Highreflectivity corresponds to large pore-fluid pressure in the fault. This region of high reflectivity propagates up-dip,and shows transport of fluid along the fault zone with a velocity of about 140 m/y Reprinted by permission fromMacmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature 437, 46 (2005).Figure 13. Optical measurements of the presence of a conservative tracer (top panels; red color) and a reactivetracer (bottom panels; red color) for different times. Fluid propagates from the bottom to the top of the figuresthrough a porous medium consisting of glass spheres (Oates 2007).Basic Research Needs for Geosciences: Facilitating 21 st Century Energy Systems 41