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commodities. Attitude scale is the most frequently used scaling technique to measure levels ofattitudes. For this purpose Summated Likert scale was used, because it doesn’t need series ofstatements. Six statements affecting the phenomenon were listed and total values were givenfor each respondent based on the responses of agreement or disagreement with each item on afive point continuum. Based on the responses, total attitude score was calculated for eachrespondent (the score value was from 6 to 30).RAAKS methodology was used. For the purpose of this study, four windows have beenemployed among three phases, sixteen windows, relevant tools and analytical questions inorder to see the second objective of the study.Table 3: RAAKS windows, tools and analytical questionsPhase Window Tools Analytical questionsAProblemidentificationA2Identifyingrelevant actorsActoridentificationexerciseWho are actors?Which actors play significant roles?What are the contributions of key actors?phaseBConstraintsandopportunityB2Actor analysisActor analysischeck listWhat activities carried out?What resources controlled by each actors?What is the knowledge base of each actor?What type of innovation favored by each actor?analysisB5Task/LinkagematrixTask analysissheetWhat are the type, frequency, and intensity ofcontact?Who initiated? Is there one or two way contact?CPolicyarticulationActor potentialanalysisC2Actor potentialcheck listWho can do what? Who has the mandate orinterest to cooperate in making changes forsuccessful performance of the system?Source: Adapted from Salomon et al., 1997.38
3.2.5. Method of data analysisBased on the objectives of the given study and nature of the data available, different dataanalysis methods are required using different approaches. Descriptive and inferential statisticswere employed for the given objectives such as mean, percentage, frequencies, standarddeviation and ranking were used in a descriptive manner to summarize and categorize thedata. For the purpose of knowledge, attitude and practice gap measurements between trainedand untrained groups independent sample t-test was applied and chi-square test was used tocompare between categories.39
Page 1 and 2:
EFFECTIVENESS OF MODULAR TRAINING A
Page 3 and 4: SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIESHARAMAYA
Page 5 and 6: STATEMENT OF AUTHORFirst of all, I
Page 7 and 8: ABBREVIATIONS (Continued)RAAKSSGSWH
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGMENTFirst and foremost le
Page 11 and 12: TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)2.5. E
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF TABLESTablepageTable 1. Est
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF TABLES IN THE APPENDIXAppen
Page 17 and 18: 1. INTRODUCTION1.1. Background of t
Page 19 and 20: since 2004 in Ethiopia. Farmers wer
Page 21 and 22: undertaken. If institutions focused
Page 23 and 24: panel discussion, conference, exper
Page 25 and 26: 2. LITERATURE REVIEWIn this chapter
Page 27 and 28: Figure1. Four Stages of the TIER Mo
Page 29 and 30: Level 1: Reactions: At this level,
Page 31 and 32: In 1963, agricultural extension was
Page 33 and 34: stated objectives which involves co
Page 35 and 36: trainees’ farm cooperation and co
Page 37 and 38: Modular training was supposed to gi
Page 39 and 40: achievement of a corporation purpos
Page 41 and 42: e examined, defined and described b
Page 43 and 44: FTCs are expected to play active ro
Page 45 and 46: deficient in training skills, espec
Page 47 and 48: 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGYIn this chap
Page 49 and 50: Figure 4. Map of the study Area (Fo
Page 51 and 52: 3.2.2. Sample size and sampling pro
Page 53: 3.2.3. Types and sources of dataTo
Page 57 and 58: Table 4: Profiles of respondentsNo
Page 59 and 60: The data in the Table reveal that t
Page 61 and 62: 4.1.3.3. Delivery of modular traini
Page 63 and 64: also have not participated with ful
Page 65 and 66: Table 8: Knowledge test of sample h
Page 67 and 68: 4.2.2. PracticePractice was operati
Page 69 and 70: The responses of farmers were categ
Page 71 and 72: system. Actors’ interactions can
Page 73 and 74: FTCs and this project supports only
Page 75 and 76: 4.3.5. Actor linkage matrixActor li
Page 77 and 78: According to actor linkage matrix;
Page 79 and 80: followed by projects, NGOs and rese
Page 81 and 82: may have access for information abo
Page 83 and 84: 4.5.3. Lessons learned from better
Page 85 and 86: SWOT AnalysisStrength, Weakness, Op
Page 87 and 88: Opportunities• Participatory plan
Page 89 and 90: Practice was assessed based on trai
Page 91 and 92: with communication media, articles,
Page 93 and 94: BoARD and SWHISA (Bureau of Agricul
Page 95 and 96: IPMS (Improving Productivity and Ma
Page 97 and 98: Taddesse Mulugeta, 2007. Rural wate
Page 99 and 100: Appendix Table 1. Category of train
Page 101 and 102: Appendix Table 5: Extent of linkage
Page 103 and 104: 3.2. What do you think about the ti
Page 105 and 106:
4.5 Practice (Indicate whether you
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