for multipurpose functions, i.e., <strong>of</strong>fice for DAs, place <strong>of</strong> meetings, and other functions in suchsmall houses.Table 12: Farmers’ particip<strong>at</strong>ion in functioning <strong>of</strong> FTCsParticip<strong>at</strong>ion in FTCfunctioningTrained <strong>farmers</strong>(N=60)Untrained <strong>farmers</strong>(N=60)Total(N=60) X 2F % F % F %Yes 37 61.7 4 6.7 41 34.2 40.346***No 23 38.3 56 93.3 79 65.8 (p=0.000)N<strong>at</strong>ure <strong>of</strong> particip<strong>at</strong>ionNo particip<strong>at</strong>ion 23 38.3 56 93.3 79 65.8 40.728***FTC construction 29 48.3 3 5.0 32 26.7 (p=0.000)Committee 1 1.7 1 0.8Mixed types 7 11.7 1 1.7 8 6.7Source: Own survey, 2010 *** Significant <strong>at</strong>
may have access for inform<strong>at</strong>ion about the roles <strong>of</strong> FTCs due to most <strong>of</strong> trained <strong>farmers</strong> wereinvolved in different committee activities th<strong>at</strong> made them more committed and thinkpositively towards the roles FTCs.4.5.2. Positive deviance <strong>of</strong> FTCs in performance and their contributionsPositive deviance focus on new applic<strong>at</strong>ion approaches to address issues and promote newways <strong>of</strong> doing. This approach enable communities to solve intractable problems, whichrequire behavioral and social change by <strong>of</strong>fering workshops, <strong>training</strong>s, technical support, andon line resources (Sternin, 2009).In Fogera 15 FTCs have been established but this study was focused on four FTCs. Based onpersonal observ<strong>at</strong>ions, key informant interviews and focused group discussions, aspects <strong>of</strong>positive deviance were assessed and findings <strong>of</strong> results are explained here.Activities carried out <strong>at</strong> FTCs in the study areaConducting <strong>training</strong> ( <strong>modular</strong> and/or non <strong>modular</strong>), motiv<strong>at</strong>ing people for functions <strong>of</strong> FTCs,provision <strong>of</strong> local sitting m<strong>at</strong>erials, selection <strong>of</strong> trainees, knowledge and inform<strong>at</strong>ion flow,deliver extension services, socializ<strong>at</strong>ion ( arbitr<strong>at</strong>ion, discussions, appointments, and the like),storage services for farm implements, serve as <strong>of</strong>fice for development agents, trial anddemonstr<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> improved practices and other rel<strong>at</strong>ed activities.Other researchers’ results indic<strong>at</strong>ed th<strong>at</strong>, Fogera is a growth corridor <strong>of</strong> rice, dairy andvegetable production practices. Moreover, apiculture, f<strong>at</strong>tening and fish managementpractices are promising enterprises now. So far, FTCs were not taking part much inperformance and contributions to serve <strong>farmers</strong> in full competences. However, there areactivities th<strong>at</strong> should be considered, cherished and sustained. Knowing positive deviant FTCshelp to take further actions and corrective measures in both sides <strong>of</strong> its strength and weakness.65
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EFFECTIVENESS OF MODULAR TRAINING A
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SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIESHARAMAYA
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STATEMENT OF AUTHORFirst of all, I
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ABBREVIATIONS (Continued)RAAKSSGSWH
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTFirst and foremost le
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)2.5. E
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LIST OF TABLESTablepageTable 1. Est
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LIST OF TABLES IN THE APPENDIXAppen
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1. INTRODUCTION1.1. Background of t
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since 2004 in Ethiopia. Farmers wer
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undertaken. If institutions focused
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panel discussion, conference, exper
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2. LITERATURE REVIEWIn this chapter
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Figure1. Four Stages of the TIER Mo
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