PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY - Biology East Borneo

INDEX 587fatty liver, 120-122hepatocellular degeneration and death, 116-120apoptosis, 117calcium homeostasis, loss of, 120endoplasmic reticulum damage, 116immune reactions, 120lipid peroxidation, 119lysosomal damage, 117macromolecular irreversible binding, 119-120mitochondrial damage, 116necrosis mechanisms, 117-l 18nuclei damage, 116-l 17plasma membrane damage, 116natural venoms and toxins, 4133414solvents, 3766377tumor formation, 123-124vascular injury, 122-123Herbicides:acute toxicity, 356biphenyl compounds, 3566358carcinogenicity, 356chlorophenoxy herbicides, 355-356occupational hazards control case study using,541~-544triazines, 358Heritable translocation assay (HTA), mutagenicitytesting, 255Heterochromatin, chromosome structure andfunction, 244Heterocyclic compounds, alkaloid toxins, 421Hexachloroethane, nephrotoxicity 140High-dose testing, carcinogenicity testing protocols,2922294High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) vacuumcleaner, lead-based paint case study, 55 1Histogenesis, tissue origin and 267Histopathologic evaluation:carcinogenicity studies, 296hepatoxicity and, 125Histrionicotoxin, toxicology, 425Hives. See UrticariaHormonal regulation:endocrine disruption research and 234-235female reproductive toxicology, 221-222male reproductive toxicology, 2 15-2 16Hornet venoms, toxicology, 427Horse antivenins, reptile and amphibian venomtoxicology, 423425Host-mediated assay, mutagenicity testing with,252Host resistance model, animal models ofimmunotoxicity, 199Host susceptibility model, animal models ofimmunotoxicity 199Household exposure levels:lead poisoning case study, 5499552pesticide risk assessment, 470Human chorionic gonadotropin, spontaneous abortionand embryonic loss, 225Human resources, occupational health studies and503Human response patterns:animal toxicity studies, extrapolation from, 28-33environmental exposure guidelines, 3 l-32exposure routes, 2993 1safe human dose (SHD) approach, 29antimony carcinogenicity risks, 491antimony carcinogenicity risk studies, weight ofevidence characterization, 494496dose-response measurements and, 21epidemiologic studies and 5 15-5 16pharmacogenetic differences and 26risk assessment procedures:hazard identification, epidemiologic studies andcase reports, 443VS. animal studies, 443445vs. ecological risk assessments, 441442xenobiotic metabolism, variations in, 80 -8 1Humoral immunity:animal models of immunotoxicity, 198-199immunotoxicity, 190Hyaluronidase, hymenoptera toxicology, 427Hydrazine, toxicology, 401402Hydrocarbons. See Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons@‘AH)Hydrogen ions, hypoxia and 97Hydrogen sulfide exposure:antidotes, 107dose-response relationship, 106hematotoxicity, basic principles, 87788red blood cells (RBCs) toxicity and, 105-106Hydrolysis reactions, biotransformation, 70-7 1Hydroquinone, toxicology, 385Hymenoptera species, venom toxicology, 427Hyperpigmentation, dermal toxicity, 164Hyperplasia, defined, 266Hypertension, nephrotoxicity and, 134Hypofiltration, nephrotoxicity and 137Hypopigmentation, dermal toxicity, 164Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis:female reproductive toxicology, 221-223male reproductive toxicology, 2 15-2 17Hypoxia:carboxyhemoglobin and 98erythropoietin release, 88-90red blood cell impairment and, 96-97Iatrogenic cancer, carcinogenic drugs, 3 18-3 19IC,, values, organophosphate-induced delayedneuropathy (OPIDN), 350Idiopathic environmental intolerances,immunotoxicity, 204Idiosyncratic reaction, defined, 5IgE-mediated hypersensitivity, immunotoxicity, 194Immune reactions:hepatocellular degeneration and death, 120immunotoxicity and 1899190Immunogens, immunotoxicity, 190