PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY - Biology East Borneo

INDEX 591Mechanistic toxicology, as research discipline, 6Medications, therapeutic vs. virtually safe doseages(VSD) table, 470Mee’s lines, arsenic exposure markers, 336Megamouse experiment, cancer risk assessmentstudies, 455459Meiosis, genetic toxicology and 244-245MEK peroxide, occupational hazard control casestudy of, 5466547Melanomas, classification, 2677268Mellitin, hymenoptera toxicology, 427Membrane barrier transfer, toxic agent absorptionand distribution, 3741active transport, 4041facilitated diffusion, 40passive diffusion, 3740Membrane disruption:solvent exposure, 374-375toxicants and 149Menstruation, female reproductive toxicology, 223Mercury:central nervous system effects, 333nephrotoxicity, 138-139neurotoxicants and 150speciation of:inhalation exposure, 328-329oral ingestion, 329toxicology studies, 341-342Mesenchymal tissue, histogenesis, 267Mesothelioma, asbestosis and, 182Messenger RNA (mRNA), genetic toxicology and,transcription and translation mechanisms,241-244Metabolism:of metals, 330organophosphatelcarbamate pesticides, 347-348urinary excretion, 29Metal fume fever, metals inhalation exposure and,329zinc toxicology, 343Metallothionein, nephrotoxicity and, 137Metals:classification, 3255327common uses and toxic effects, 326immunotoxicity, 202nephrotoxicity, 139-140pharmacokinetics, 328-33 1absorption and distribution, 328dermal exposure, 3299330excretion, 330~-331inhalation, 328-329metabolism and storage, 330oral ingestion, 329sources of exposure, 334-336anthropogenic sources, 334-335biomarkers for, 3355336natural sources, 334speciation of, 327-328toxicity, 33 l--334acute exposure, 331carcinogenicity, 333-334chronic exposure, 331,333target organs, 332toxicology of:arsenic, 336-337beryllium, 337-338cadmium, 338-339chromium, 3399340lead, 340-34 1mercury, 341-342nickel, 342zinc, 3422343Metaplasia, defined, 266Metastasis, defined, 266Methanol:eye toxicity, 167toxicology, 377, 3822383Methemoglobin:hematoxicity and formation of. 999100hydrogen sulfide and cyanide poisoning, 107hemolvtic anemia and 100.-101I-MethylaGon reactions, biotransformation, 74Methyl bromide:toxicity, 362toxicology, 393-397Methyl chloride exposure:carbon monoxide formation, 99toxicology, 392-397Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl(MMT), health risks of, 335Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), toxicology, 389Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), nephrotoxicity, 140Methylmercury poisoning, developmental toxicologyand, 230-23 1Methyl -n-butyl ketone, toxicology, 389Methysergide, ergot as source of, 419Michaelis-Menten kinetics, toxic agent distribution,4749Microlesions, genetic toxicity assessment and, 247,249Micronucleus test:chromosomal aberrations, 251mutagenicity testing, 255Microsomal enzymes, xenobiotic metabolism, 62Microsomal oxidation, biotransformation, 65566Microvesicular steatosis, hepatotoxicity and120-121Milk, toxic agent excretion, 53Minamata disease:anthropogenic study of, 335methylmercury poisoning, 230-23 1Minerals, essential metals in, 326Minimal risk dose (MRL), risk assessment studies,448449Mistletoe, peptide and protein toxins in, 422Mitochondria, hepatocellular degeneration and death,116Mitosis, genetic toxicology and, 2444245