Part II - Environmental Program at KSC - NASA

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Space Shuttle Program Historic Properties 5-8NASA-wide Roll-up ReportAir-related resources: Subtype Runways• SLF Runway at KSC• SLF Runways at WSSHThe KSC SLF RunwayKSC SLF Runway, looking north.(Source: Archaeological Consultants, Inc., 2006)• Built in 1976 to support the SSP• NASA’s preferred shuttle landing site,since 1984• The return from landing site followinglanding at Edwards AFB• Site where all five orbiters originallyarrived from the assembly plant inPalmdale• Used as a practice facility by Shuttleastronauts• Eligible under Criterion A as the primarylanding site for the SSP, and underCriterion C for its design andconstruction. It is one of the largestrunways in the world.The SLF Runways at WSSHWhite Sands Space Harbor, Runway 23/05, lookingsouthwest.(Source: White Sands Test Facility, wstf0606e04460)• The three runways, built or modifiedbetween the late 1940s and 1986,replicate the shuttle landing runways atKSC (Runway 17/35), Edwards AFB(Runway 23/05), and the TransoceanicAbort Landing (TAL) sites (Runway20/02).• Runway 17/35 was originally constructedin the late 1940s, and modified for theSSP in 1976. Runway 23/05 was built in1978 and Runway 20/02 dates to 1986.• Serves as a contingency landing site forthe Shuttle orbiter• Provides 70-80% of the Shuttle pilot’sShuttle Training Aircraft (STA) training• Eligible under Criterion A as the onlyfacility in the history of the SSP used on acontingency basis when Columbia (STS-3) could not land at Edwards AFB. Alsosignificant as the primary traininglocation for Shuttle pilots andcommanders. Under Criterion C, therunways are eligible for their design andconstruction.July 2008Archaeological Consultants, Inc.
Space Shuttle Program Historic Properties 5-9NASA-wide Roll-up ReportAir-related resources: Subtype Mate/Demate Devices (MDD)• OLF at Palmdale• MDD at DFRC• MDD at KSCFour MDDs were configured by NASA to support the attachment and detachment of theShuttle orbiter and SCA. The OLF in Palmdale complements permanent MDDs erected atDFRC and at KSC. It was originally designed to be quickly disassembled, moved, andreassembled at a contingency landing site. NASA also constructed a mobile, derrick-andcraneMDD at the MSFC in Huntsville, Alabama (1976), reusing a stiff-legged derrickfrom an early 1960s engine test stand. Used at MSFC from 1976 through 1979, NASAsubsequently disassembled the improvised mobile MDD in Huntsville and transported itsderrick to the WSMR in New Mexico to support the third Shuttle landing in 1982. Themobile MDD, no longer extant, was the precursor to the OLF. The KSC, and itsarchitectural-engineering contractor Connell Associates of Miami, were responsible forthe DFRC, KSC, and MSFC/WSMR MDDs of the 1970s. The JSC developed theunderlying concept for the OLF.The MDDs at DFRC and KSC were both designed by Connell Associates. While nearlyidentical in appearance, the MDD at DFRC is more complex than its counterpart at theKSC, mainly due to some unique personnel safety features required as part of the ALTprogram. These features include an access/egress route for SCAPE-suited personnel, twopersonnel hoists, a compressed air system, emergency showers and eye-face washfeatures, wash down stations, and a deluge system to protect personnel in the event of ahypergol spill or ground-level fire. The DFRC MDD is also distinguished by a personnelelevator located to the west of the south tower, and a ladder with safety cage in the northtower, for access to the 100-foot level.The Orbiter Lifting Frame at PalmdaleOrbiter Lifting Frame, looking northwest.(Source: Archaeological Consultants, Inc., 2006)• Originally built at Vandenberg;reassembled at Palmdale in late 1990/early 1991• First used to mate Endeavour to theSCA for transport to the KSC• Used between 1991-2001 to matedematethe orbiters for transportbetween KSC and Palmdale for majoroverhaul and maintenance• Eligible under NRHP Criteria A and Cas the SSP’s only demountable MDD,and for its operational use in themaintenance, overhaul, and upgradingof the orbiters Columbia, Discovery,Atlantis and Endeavour during the1990s. Under Criterion C, notable for itsunique design and engineering as alightweight demountable device.July 2008Archaeological Consultants, Inc.
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