Harmonized Perspectives - CDKN Global

pollination of plants, including many crops, the contribution to the hydrological cycle, and also spiritual,cultural and aesthetic benefits 60 .All these benefits are unique and irreplaceable but it is worth highlighting the fact that biodiversitycontributes to climate because, as indicated aids stabilization and climate moderation, extremetemperatures, as well as to events extreme hydrometeorological (floods and droughts).An example for disaster risk reduction is the conservation of mangroves 61 which help reduce or preventimpacts from extreme events. Mangroves play a vital role in protecting against coastal storms(hurricanes, typhoons) and tsunamis (stabilization of coastal areas), it helps to prevent erosion, aresystems of early protection against the rise average sea level. Indeed, the maintenance of these coastalwetlands is vital to prevent the flooding of ports and cities to be an effective way to reduce the risk offlood disasters 62 .Another important strategy to reduce the risk of drought disaster is through the conservation ofagricultural biodiversity. It is therefore important to promote opportunities for indigenous and localcommunities to participate in the development, implementation and local management of nationalbiodiversity strategies, action plans and programmes on agricultural biodiversity 63 .There are examples of local species that adapt to the changing environment and also have ahigh nutritional value, are species that do not require inputs which means that it reduces impacts bypollutants into the atmosphere and soil; they are accessible, easy to reproduce, and further strengthensits identity with social groups in the region, rescuing cultural values.The CBD recognizes the close and traditional dependence of indigenous and local biologicalresources and the need to ensure that these communities will receive part of the benefits derivedfrom the recognition and respect of their knowledge and traditional practices with regard to theconservation and sustainable use of biological biodiversity. Currently, biodiversity also includes humandiversity (cultural) which influences its use and therefore the impact of its effects 64 . Central Americabeing rich in biological and cultural diversity has a great opportunity to link these particularities incompliance with the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity 65 .Finally, we want to highlight the importance of basins, for the conservation of Biodiversity, and alsowater provisions for different uses of the various stakeholders and sectors of society. However,nowadays, the basins are also conductive of pollution solids and solids drag due to the lack of watershedmanagement, extending these problems to the sea, creating a potential disaster risks. Disasters asmanifestations of risk from its impacts are defined territorial boundaries. Many times, the "territory ofcausality" tends to differ substantially from the "impact area" even though when compared with otherunique factors they may coincide. This becomes important especially when it comes to administrativeunits or even to different national territories such as water basins 66 .In that sense, it is important to consider the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) 67 as astrategy for adaptation and for disaster risk reduction. In the basins large impacts are provoked due todeforestation and washing of sediments causing flooding downstream. Therefore another strategy toreduce vulnerability must be initiated through the integrated watershed management, where60 GEO4 2007.61 Mangroves are also the core of the food chain for most of the commercial species; also add nutrients that go to the continentalplatform by supporting the feeding of other species are of value as feeding sites for migratory birds among others. In this regardits hydrobiological importance is immeasurable.62 JICA/TNC 2009.63 Von Humboldt. 2009.64 CDB 2,010 GEO4 2007.65Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has three main goals: the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use ofcomponents of biodiversity and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.66 Central American Policy on Integral Risk Management, 2010.67 GIWRM: A process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in orderto maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vitalecosystems.18