Harmonized Perspectives - CDKN Global

special programmes for the exercise of these rights.State guarantees non-discrimination Article 91The State has an obligation to enact laws to promote actions toensure that no Nicaraguan is discriminated against because oftheir language, culture and origin.Natural resources are national heritageTITLE VINATIONAL ECONOMY, LAND REFORM AND FINANCEPUBLICCHAPTER INational economyArticle 102Natural resources are national assets. The preservation of theenvironment and conservation, development and rational exploitationof natural resources belong to the State, it may enter into contracts forthe rational exploitation of these resources, when the nationalinterest requires it.Guarantee of the various formsof ownershipEquality between different types ofbusiness andeconomic activities exerciseThe land system: Prohibitionindigenous communities expropriation,common property regime according tospecific lawIntercultural education and bilingual educationArticle 103The State guarantees the coexistence of democratic forms of public,private, cooperative, voluntary, community, associations’ properties, all ofwhich are part of the mixed economy, are subject to the higher interestsof the nation and fulfill a social function.Article 104The companies that organized under any form of ownership established inthis Constitution, are equal before the law and stateeconomic policies. The economic initiative is free.It guarantees the full exercise of economic activities, no restrictions otherthan for social or national interest to impose the laws.TITLE VINATIONAL ECONOMY, LAND REFORM AND FINANCEPUBLICCHAPTER IIagrarian reformArticle. 107Land reform will eliminate the large estates that are idle and it will bedone primarily with state land. When the expropriations of idle landholdings affect private owners, it will comply with the provisions of Article44 of this Constitution. [Article 44 guarantees the right of property andoutlines its social function.]. The reform will eliminate all forms ofexploitation of peasants, indigenous communities in the countryand promote forms of ownership consistent with the economic and socialnation established by this Constitution.The regime12. Right to preserve cultures as part of a national culture.13. State guarantees non-discrimination14. Natural resources are national patrimony15. Guarantee of the various forms of ownership16. Equality between different types of enterprises and economicactivities17. The land system: Prohibition of expropriation of indigenouscommunities, communal ownership of property by specific law of theland of indigenous communities shall be regulated according to the law ofmatter.TITLE VIIEDUCATION AND CULTURECHAPTER ONEArticle 121Access to education is free and equal for all Nicaraguans.Primary education is free and compulsory in schools of the state.Secondary education is free in state schools, subject to voluntarycontributions, may be made by parents. No person shall be excluded inany way from a state center for economic reasons. Indigenous peoplesand ethnic communities of the Atlantic Coast have the right in their regionto intercultural education in their mother tongue, according to the law.80