ISLANDERSSUMOSTOLUPANES/XICAQUEPETHMISKITOSSpanishTawahka:According to studies consulted, Mosquito and Tawahka language are quite similar intheir morphological and syntactic structure, but do not have much vocabulary incommon. Both languages belong to the macro-chibcha language, a group of SouthAmerican origin. It is assumed that at very distant dates of the Tawahkas, Miskito andthe Rama (other kindred) ancestors emigrated from what is now Colombiathrough the Isthmus of Panama. The Tawahkas call their language twanka, whichshows a similarity to the name which, in the early seventeenth century the Spanishgave the Indians of the Guayape-Guayambre area: Tahuajcas. The motherlanguage of this people is the Tawahka, but also speaks Miquito and Spanish.Tol:Only people from Tolupán that only live in the Mountain de La Flor retained theirmother tongue. It should be noted that the Tolupán culture is similar to that of theTawahkas, Miskito and Pech, as a "tropical forest culture" whose characteristicsaccording The language spoken by Tolupanes during 18century was the HokanSioux. Now it is known as Tol.The tol language is in a state of survival, only a portion of adults speak it in anisolated way, only in four of the tribes mentioned are still people who speak it.Giving a rough figure it could be said that some 700 people speak tol; the largestnumber of speakers is the tribe of Mountain de La Flor, with 410 people, the rest isscattered in other tribes, where only the elderly speak it.Most of India's population does not speak their language. The pressures exerted bythe Ladino discrimination against torrupanes by the way they speak Spanish, hasmade the Indians more concerned about improving the Spanish, than transmittingtheir language to new generations.Peth:The most recent contacts with the coastal economy, dominated by the Miskito, hasresulted in most of them speaking Miskito and losing their mother language.Children, for example, learn Spanish in Las Marias school, Miskito talk with theirpeers, but even though they understand Pech, they do not speak it.Miskito.Indigenous Peoples in GuatemalaCOUNTRY DATA:Capital:Area:Geography:Population:Indigenouspopulation:GuatemalaTerritorial area 108.430 km².Geography: Located in the Central region and bordered to the north by Mexico, west andsouth with Belize, Honduras and El Salvador, bordering with the Gulf of Honduras. The relief ischaracterized by mountainous and limestone plateaus. Its territory of 108,430 km ²,1 is slightlysmaller than Tennessee, USA.Guatemala, a country with a population of 11.2 million. Made up of 4 groups of pople, Mayan,Xinca, Garifuna and Ladino. According to INE, the Maya Peoples is 40%, Xinca 0.7,Garifuna 0.4%and 58.9, corresponds to the Ladino People.Distributed through all Mayan linguistic communities across the country. In the followingdepartments: Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Petén, EProgreso, Quiche, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa,Quetzaltenango, Retalhuleu, Sacatepéquez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepéquez ,Totonicapán, Zacapa.According to statistics from the INE. Approximately 40% are indigenous people of Mayandescent, while the Xinka population constitutes 0.7% of the total and the Garifuna people,representing 0.4% of the total population. However sources of Maya studies show 60%.According to the UNDP, the Mayan population is a 4.4,million, with 21 Mayan linguisticcommunities, comprising:Kich’e, Q’eqchi’, Kaqchikel y Mam, constitue 81%.Q’anjobal, Popomchi’, Achi, 8.6%Ixil, Tz’utujil y Cluj, 5.3%90
Internationalconventions signed with indigenouspeoples aroundthe country 251 :BibliographyAkateko, Awakatekon, Ch’orti’, Jakalteko, Poqomam, Sipakapense, 4.5%.Itza’, Mopan, Sakapulteko Tektiteko, Uspanteko, 0.5% 250 .Promulgation oftheConstitution14/1/1986Form ofgovernmentRepublicandemocraticrepresentativegovernment(art. 140)IndigenousPeoples23groups4.945million48.01%(1994),otherestimatesreach70%Rightholderethnic groups,indigenousMayan descent,indigenousagricultural cooperatives,indigenouscommunities,indigenouspopulation,vernacularlanguageshttp://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geograf%C3%ADa_de_GuatemalaUNDP. Human Development Report.Convention 107(1957)NotRatifiedConvention 169OIT(1989)ratified5/6/1996HierarchyofInternationalConventionspreeminence oftheinternational rightINDIGENOUS AND NATIVE PEOPLES 252 :Guatemala is a nation ethnically predominantly Mayan Amerindian, if we understand Mayan as belonging tothe Mayan family language. Half of the Guatemalan population is indigenous, from Mayan origins fromdifferent branches (Quiche, Cakchiquel, Mam, lacandoles etc.).. Approximately 40% are mestizos. Fewer are mostlycreoles descendants of Spanish colonists and other European nations. According to UNICEF, Guatemala is betweenthe Latin American nations with predominantly indigenous populations of origin such as Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador.250 National Report on Human Development, Guatemala. UNDP. 2005. Page 64.251 Guatemala- Acnur. Indigenous Peoples and Constitutional Rights in Latin America: An Overview. Cletus Gregor Barié, Cit:pag:338 www.acnur.org/biblioteca/pdf/6294.pdf252 Ethnography of Guatemala: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnograf%C3%ADa_de_Guatemala91
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Executive SummaryCentral America is
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Central is located in the "Ring of
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Study ContentAs an innovative theme
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that coexist in the universe. This
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Central America level, is the only
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of Mesoamerica has been explained a
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possesses effective cultural commun
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Additionally, to succeed and achiev
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eforestation, hydrological planning
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General thematic introduction on Cl
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Central American Governments should
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projected 109 conditions, changes o
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General introduction on the themati
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participatory manner, to address di
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Causes and complementary consequenc
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Organizational and legal contextWhi
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The three bodies within the SICA ar
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Based on research of available info
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