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11 th International Symposium for GIS and Computer Cartography for Coastal Zones Managementidentified by IOC/IHO together with INAHINA, because they are large population centres that are very vulnerableto natural disasters.The TopoBathy database software application that is used at INAHINA is an application of the CARIS Bathy DataBASEsuite, which offers a database solution to store, manage and visualize gridded bathymetric and topographicelevation datasets.As in Mozambique the area for which hydrographic surveys have been done is very limited, there was not muchdata available to fill the database with. To be able to use the data in the TopoBathy database to, for example, create agood model for (tsunami) wave prediction, more bathymetric data was needed.For this reason INAHINA and CARIS also partnered with the company BMT ARGOSS. Specialized in usingearth observation data from satellites, BMT ARGOSS offers an efficient alternative to conventional surveys forshallow water areas where no adequate bathymetric information is available.Using Landsat satellite images of the areas of Beira and Quelimane, the assessment of bathymetric information isbased on the optical properties of the water and the seabed. By calibrating the intensity of light reflection with existingbathymetric survey data a good approximation of bathymetric depths can be accomplished. This depth approximationis not as accurate as a ship survey, so the data should not be used for navigation. However, the accuracy ismuch higher than any data currently available for the area and is therefore a good input for further modelling.Project executionIn the period of October 2011 to January 2012 the project started with a first assessment of available geospatialdata in Beira and Quelimane to put in the database. This resulted in some recent INAHINA singlebeam surveys ofthe harbour areas of both cities. We also acquired digital topographical data from CENACARTA, the topographicoffice of Mozambique. This data contained elevation points of both Beira and Quelimane, that could be extracted tocreate a height model of the cities.At the same time BMT ARGOSS has made an assessment of suitable satellite images and subsequently used theINAHINA survey data to calibrate the resulting bathymetry against. This resulted in two datasets with depth informationof a 50 m resolution for an area of about 150x75 km around Beira and about 100x50 km around Quelimane,which could be imported into the TopoBathy database.Finally two publicly available datasets have been used to fill the database in those parts of the pilot areas whereno other data were available. For the bathymetric data the GEBCO dataset has been used. The acronym GEBCOstands for General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans and its aim is to provide the most authoritative, publiclyavailablebathymetry for the world's oceans. It operates under the joint auspices of the IOC and the IHO.For areas on land where there was no CENACARTA elevation data available, the public dataset used was theASTER topographic elevation model. ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer)is a satellite imaging instrument that can measure elevations.In total there were five different data sources used for the initial filling of the TopoBathy database for Beira andQuelimane. These datasets where imported into the Bathy Database application and stored as continuous grids calledBASE Surfaces. All five surfaces were combined into one digital elevation model, but only after all surfaces hadbeen shifted to the same mean sea level (MSL) vertical datum. The workflow is shown in Figure 1.As a preparation CARIS established and executed a workflow for the Beira area and a training manual based uponthis was created. Thereafter, in February 2012, two weeks of training were held at the INAHINA office in Maputo,Mozambique.Apart from hydrographers, cartographers and an oceanographer from INAHINA, a cartographer fromCENACARTA, as well as a meteorologist from INAM where participating in the training. INAM is the nationalmeteorological institute of Mozambique and they can use the resulting TopoBathy elevation models, to better model(tsunami) waves and currents.In the first week the students were trained in the conversion, management and visualization of the different geospatialdatasets. The workflow to create a combined TopoBathy elevation model for the Beira area, as described inthe manual, was followed. In the second week the CARIS Bathy Database suite was implemented at INAHINA, sothat it can be used to store and manage all bathymetric and topographic datasets in a central location.In the period of March to June 2012 INAHINA has executed the same workflow that was set up for Beira, to createa combined TopoBathy elevation model for Quelimane.140
11 th International Symposium for GIS and Computer Cartography for Coastal Zones ManagementFigure 1. TopoBathy Database Workflow.The project was finished in July 2012, with a second consultancy period in Mozambique. In this period the createdelevation model for the Quelimane area and the future use of the database at INAHINA were discussed.The main challenge during this project was the quality of the data. It is difficult to obtain good, high resolutionsurvey data in Mozambique. For example the available bathymetric surveys were singlebeam surveys of a limitedarea around the harbours of Beira and Quelimane. The topographic data only contained some elevation points, withquite a high distance between them. As can be imagined the satellite derived data also has its limitations, both regardingresolution and precision. This has implications for the precision of the models that can be derived from thedata.Technically it is possible to acquire better data, for example by doing multibeam bathymetric surveys for thecoast of Mozambique. Currently INAHINA has no multibeam system available, but a system is being purchased andshould be installed this year. Another improvement would be to use satellite data from more modern satellites, likeDigital Globe’s WorldView 2 satellite, that have a higher resolution and are more suitable for deriving of bathymetrythan the Landsat satellite images that were used for this project. However, for better data a cost has to be paidand in practice it is not easy for a country like Mozambique to make the funds available to acquire this satellite datain the short term.After the projectIn the coming years INAHINA can expand their TopoBathy database in time and space. To improve the elevationmodel for Beira and Quelimane, new bathymetric and topographic data can be added and implemented, as soon as itbecomes available. The area for which geospatial data is stored and managed can also be expanded to other coastalareas, thus supporting the buildup of a spatial data infrastructure for Mozambique.Next to input for tsunami and storm surge models, the data can be used as a basis for multiple other purposes.Depending on the source and the accuracy of the data, INAHINA can use the database as a basis for the creation ofnautical charts, as well as for the creation of gridded elevation models. In this way the knowledge based on theTopoBathy database can be shared with and used by different governmental as well as private organisations, forpurposes like coastal engineering and disaster management in Mozambique.CARIS has presented the pilot project to IOC and IHO. Possibilities for the implementation of the TopoBathy databasein other in Coast-Map-IO participating countries are currently being explored.ReferencesBerque, J. and D. Travin (2009), COAST-MAP-IO - A Hydrography-based Contribution to Tsunami Preparedness in the IndianOcean. Hydro International, September 2009.Mavume, A. and G. Brundrit (2009), INGC Climate Change Report. Instituto Nacional de Gestão de Calamidades, Mozambique.141
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CoastGIS Conference 2013: Monitorin
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Sponsors
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Santos Basin, BrazilA.F. Romero, R.
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Coastline development and associate
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Visual resource management system f
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Use of Terrestrial-LiDAR for quanti
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ResultsMetadata11 th International
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Coastal vulnerability index to glob
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generating probabilities contours f
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maps, the most critical conditions
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Statistical and spatial toolbox for
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Building scenarios and visualizatio
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Using a 3D physics-based visualizat
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Long-term continuous observations o
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