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Conclusions11 th International Symposium for GIS and Computer Cartography for Coastal Zones ManagementMarine research is a good example where correct definition of spatial neighbourhoods is required to ensure accurateresults. In the case of marine spatial analysis it is important to characterize constraints, such as land, in spatialrelationships. This study demonstrates the different outputs when using non-constrained and constrained approachesto define spatial neighbours. A graphical user interface, which will create a spatial weighting matrix for distance andk-nearest neighbourhood definitions using barrier delineations, has been developed and will be made freely available.Future improvement of this application will involve a directionality approach. The directionality will take intoconsideration trend in currents to identify the level of influence over an observation point. Future research may alsobenefit from consideration of the vertical nature of marine spatial interactions.ReferencesBest, B., and P. Halpin, (2009), Predictive Marine Mammal Modeling for Queen Charlotte Basin, British Columbia, RaincoastConservation Foundation, Sidney, BC, Canada, 120p.Chandrasekharan, H., A. Sarangi, M. Nagarajan, V.P. Singh, D.U.M. Rao, P. Stalin, K. Natarajan, et al. (2008), "Variability ofsoil-water quality due to Tsunami-2004 in the coastal belt of Nagapattinam district, Tamilnadu". Journal of EnvironmentalManagement: Environmental Aspects of the Indian Ocean Tsunami Recovery, 89(1):63–72.Chang, Y., Y. Huang, D.-C. Chang, and M.T. Lee (2006), "Assessment of marine environment by spatial analysis in Kao-Pingcoastal water". Journal of Environmental Engineering and Management, 16(5):351–363.Gold, C.M. (1992), "The meaning of “neighbour”". In: A. U. Frank, I. Campari, and U. Formentini (eds.). Theories and Methodsof Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space (Vol. 639). Berlin, Germany: 220–235.Gold, C.M. (1994a), "Three approaches to automated topology, and how computational geometry helps". Sixth InternationalSymposium on Spatial Data Handling. Edinburgh, Scotlan: 145–158.Gold, C.M. (1994b), "Problems with Handling Spatial Data - the Voronoi Approach". CISM Journal ASCSGC, 45(1):65–80.Gold, C.M., and A.R. Condal (1995), "A spatial data structure integrating GIS and simulation in a marine environment". MarineGeodesy, 18(3):213–228.Grech, A., J. Sheppard, and H. Marsh (2011), "Informing species conservation at multiple scales using data collected for marinemammal stock assessments". PloS one, 6(3):e17993.LeDrew, E.F., H. Holden, M.A. Wulder, C. Derksen, and C. Newman (2004), "A spatial statistical operator applied to multidatesatellite imagery for identification of coral reef stress". Remote Sensing of Environment, 91(3-4):271–279.Magesh, N.S., N. Chandrasekar, and D. Vetha Roy (2011), "Spatial analysis of trace element contamination in sediments ofTamiraparani estuary, southeast coast of India". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 92(4):618–628.Martinez, E. and K. Maamaatuaiahutapu (2004), "Island mass effect in the Marquesas Islands: Time variation". GeophysicalResearch Letters, 31(18):1-4.Mellin, C., C.J.A. Bradshaw, M.G. Meekan, and M.J. Caley (2010), "Environmental and spatial predictors of species richnessand abundance in coral reef fishes". Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19(2):212–222.Nelson, T.A. and C. Robertson (2012), "Refining spatial neighbourhoods to capture terrain effects". Ecological Processes,1(3):1–11.Nordvik, T. and C. Harding (2008), "Interactive Geovisualization and Geometric Modelling of 3D Data - A Case Study from theÅknes Rockslide Site, Norway". In: A. Ruas and C. Gold (eds.). Headway in Spatial Data Handling. Berlin, Germany: 367–384.O’Sullivan, D. and D. Unwin (2002), Geographic Information Analysis, Wiley, New Jersey, United States of America, 436p.West, K. and R. Van Woesik (2001), "Spatial and Temporal Variance of River Discharge on Okinawa (Japan): Inferring theTemporal Impact on Adjacent Coral Reefs". Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42(10):864–872.White, K.S., M.B. Westera, and G.A. Kendrick (2011), "Spatial patterns in fish herbivory in a temperate Australian seagrassmeadow". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 93(4):366–374.Windle, M.J.S., G.A. Rose, R. Devillers, and M.-J. Fortin (2010), "Exploring spatial non-stationarity of fisheries survey datausing geographically weighted regression (GWR): an example from the Northwest Atlantic". ICES Journal of Marine Science,67(1):145–154.Yang, J. (2007), "An Oceanic Current against the Wind: How Does Taiwan Island Steer Warm Water into the East China Sea?".Journal of Physical Oceanography, 37(10):2563–2569.220