HARVARD UKRAINIAN STUDIES - See also - Harvard University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

34 OMELJANPRITSAK1) The saga can have more than one starting point in presenting the lifeof its hero; in the OsT there are two starting points, the one secular (Ágrip)and the other hagiographie (Oddr, Hkr, OsTm).2) The time intervals given in the sagas are reliable. If differences occur,they can usually be explained as normal copyist's errors, e.g., XI instead ofIX in Oddr's text; iiij = iv instead of vi in OsTm; and atta = viij confusedwith vij in OsTm and Flat.3) The summations by the compilers are usually unreliable since theydepend on two arbitrary choices made by the compiler: the starting pointand the time intervals selected for his purpose.4) None of the compilers of the OsT introduced all of the time intervalsrelevant to the life of ОТ. Oddr used seven time intervals (nos. 1, 2, 3,4, 5,6, 9), whereas Snorri (Hkr) and OsTm both used the same six time intervals(nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7). Oddr omitted intervals 7 and 8, whereas Snorri andOsTm made use of intervals 7 and 4.5) None of the authors of the sagas devoted to ОТ made use of timeinterval 8; this was utilized solely by the compiler of the Ann R.6) All the Icelandic authors have the same starting point (the "hagiographie"),apparently initiated by Ari, who also established the exact date ofOT's death (summation VI).In his summation, however, Ari (and, strangely enough, Oddr) used thesecular criterion (summation V)—"OT's age when he became king ofNorway"—while the other authors of OsT were guided by the religiousstandard (summation IV)—"OT's age when he was baptized."7) ОТ, as a fully developed "hagiographie" hero, was certainly the creationof the Mngeyrar school. Only the Norwegian author of Ágrip, though acleric himself, retained valuable information from the pre-hagiographicperiod: the circumstances of OT's birth, his first three years of life, and whyand by whom Tryggvi, OT's father, was killed. But in the latter case, hewas already quoting, side by side, the second version—that elaborated inthe Mngeyrar monastery.8) Snorri, apparently for literary reasons, disregarded the historicallyreliable data of Ágrip. The "romantic" circumstances of OT's birth anddeath of his father were too precious to be replaced by the "rationalistic"stories of Ágrip. He, therefore, developed starting point B. For the sameartistic considerations, Snorri replaced time intervals 6 and 8 with timeinterval 7. So as not to destroy completely his readers' illusion that ОТmight have lived past his fall in the year 1000, Snorri omits summation VIand an exact date for OT's death.
ÓLÁFR TRYGGVASON AND VOLODIMER THE GREAT 359) To deal with the chronological problems of the sagas, scholars mustfirst establish a full catalogue of starting points, time intervals, and summationsrelating to a given hero. The requisite next step is to establish a relativechronology for the time intervals (if this is not fully given in the sagasthemselves) and to check the data with other sources. Finally, these relativedates must be synchronized with absolute chronology according to theChristian Era. 102Harvard University102I wish to express my thanks to Dr. Margaret Cormack for her reading of this article andfor her useful suggestions regarding my translations from Old Icelandic.
Page 1 and 2: HARVARDUKRAINIAN STUDIESVolume XVI
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTSARTICLESOn the Chronology o
Page 5: Bella Gutterman, Be-vo ha-Ayma: Yeh
Page 8 and 9: 8 OMELJANPRITSAKIcelandic data on
Page 10 and 11: 10 OMELJANPRITSAKsinum ос moöur
Page 12 and 13: 12 OMELJANPRITSAKhann itrygô at ra
Page 14 and 15: 14 OMELJAN PRITSAK1.5.The anonymous
Page 16 and 17: 16 OMEUAN PRUSAKmep jHİmr skipsogn
Page 18 and 19: 18 OMELJANPRITSAKdrápa, which was
Page 20 and 21: 20 OMELJANPRITSAKILI.Before analyzi
Page 22 and 23: 22 OMELJANPRITSAKsumar Alexius Grik
Page 24 and 25: 24 OMELJANPRITSAK9. ОТ was king o
Page 26 and 27: 26 OMELJANPRITSAKThat slaying occur
Page 28 and 29: 28 OMEUANPRTTSAKembarked on his com
Page 30 and 31: 30 OMELJANPRITSAKUppsala, Eirikr in
Page 32 and 33: 32 OMELJANPRITSAKLicicaviki," appea
Page 36 and 37: 36 OMELJANPRITSAKLIST OF ABBREVIATI
Page 38 and 39: 38 HARVEY GOLDBLATTalmost all his a
Page 40 and 41: 40 HARVEY GOLDBLATTspirituality who
Page 42 and 43: 42 HARVEY GOLDBLATTIn the second pl
Page 44 and 45: 44 HARVEY GOLDBLATTCyrrhus, Heraıi
Page 46 and 47: 46 HARVEY GOLDBLATThowever, it is n
Page 48 and 49: 48 HARVEY GOLDBLATTIn seeking to co
Page 50 and 51: 50 HARVEY GOLDBLATThave cared littl
Page 52 and 53: 52 HARVEY GOLDBLATTsemantic link, o
Page 54 and 55: 54 HARVEY GOLDBLATTsource for the t
Page 56 and 57: 56 HARVEY GOLDBLATTSpirit;" 79 and
Page 58 and 59: 58 HARVEY GOLDBLATTAntioch and as a
Page 60 and 61: 60 HARVEY GOLDBLATTheresy. 101 Here
Page 62 and 63: 62 HARVEY GOLDBLATTseverely punishe
Page 64 and 65: 64 HARVEY GOLDBLATTevangelical patt
Page 66 and 67: 66 HARVEY GOLDBLATTThus, in the str
Page 68 and 69: 68 PETER A. ROLLANDknowledge of con
Page 70 and 71: 70 PETER A. ROLLANDAmong Soviet sch
Page 72 and 73: 72 PETER A. ROLLANDbolorum et Emble
Page 74 and 75: 74 PETER A. ROLLANDUnderneath this
Page 76 and 77: 76 PETER A. ROLLANDsuggestive vocab
Page 78 and 79: 78 PETER A. ROLLANDKorony, berła,
Page 80 and 81: 80 PETER A. ROLLANDby their crown,
Page 82 and 83: 82 PETER A. ROLLANDboth Polacki's w
Page 84 and 85:
84 PETER A. ROLLANDBogactwo z corą
Page 86 and 87:
86 PETER A. ROLLANDone path or the
Page 88 and 89:
88 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKthe sixtee
Page 90 and 91:
90 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKeffective
Page 92 and 93:
92 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKcampaign)
Page 94 and 95:
94 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKAfter thre
Page 96 and 97:
96 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKis not to
Page 98 and 99:
98 DARIUSZ KOŁODZIEJCZYKConsiderin
Page 100 and 101:
BEYLERBEYIS OF KAWJANEC'*8Nicknames
Page 102 and 103:
G. L. Piatakov (1890-1937): A Mirro
Page 104 and 105:
104 ANDREA GRAZIOSILastly, Piatakov
Page 106 and 107:
106 ANDREA GRAZIOSIfirst system of
Page 108 and 109:
108 ANDREA GRAZIOSIextreme economic
Page 110 and 111:
110 ANDREA GRAZIOSIThe third knot i
Page 112 and 113:
112 ANDREA GRAZIOSIPiatakov's other
Page 114 and 115:
114 ANDREA GRAZIOSItoo, the moment
Page 116 and 117:
116 ANDREA GRAZIOSIthat had spread
Page 118 and 119:
118 ANDREA GRAZIOSIOrdzhonikidze—
Page 120 and 121:
120 ANDREA GRAZIOSIfather (freed in
Page 122 and 123:
122 ANDREA GRAZIOSIhave already men
Page 124 and 125:
124 ANDREA GRAZIOSIOn the personal
Page 126 and 127:
126 ANDREA GRAZIOSIcommon cause, di
Page 128 and 129:
128 ANDREA GRAZIOSIStalin's influen
Page 130 and 131:
130 ANDREA GRAZIOSIlatter, Trotsky
Page 132 and 133:
132 ANDREA GRAZIOSImain leaders of
Page 134 and 135:
134 ANDREA GRAZIOSIBut Stalin, too,
Page 136 and 137:
136 ANDREA GRAZIOSIeconomic region,
Page 138 and 139:
138 ANDREA GRAZIOSIUkraine between
Page 140 and 141:
140 ANDREA GRAZIOSIThe offer was ac
Page 142 and 143:
142 ANDREA GRAZIOSIKarelian leaders
Page 144 and 145:
144 ANDREA GRAZIOSIThis time, to be
Page 146 and 147:
146 ANDREA GRAZIOSIthe expected "so
Page 148 and 149:
148 ANDREA GRAZIOSIconducted negoti
Page 150 and 151:
150 ANDREA GRAZIOSIIn October 1925,
Page 152 and 153:
152 ANDREA GRAZIOSIsocioeconomic fo
Page 154 and 155:
154 ANDREA GRAZIOSI"harnessing of a
Page 156 and 157:
156 ANDREA GRAZIOSIsection), which
Page 158 and 159:
158 ANDREA GRAZIOSIThe ideas and co
Page 160 and 161:
160 ANDREA GRAZIOSIletter to Dzerzh
Page 162 and 163:
162 ANDREA GRAZIOSIarchives many le
Page 164 and 165:
164 ANDREA GRAZIOSIThe Soviet syste
Page 166 and 167:
166 ANDREA GRAZIOSIabout the inner
Page 168 and 169:
168 В. N. FLORJAof the history of
Page 170 and 171:
170 В. N. FLORJAthe Lviv Chronicle
Page 172 and 173:
172 В. N. FLORJATranscription(CGAD
Page 174 and 175:
ESSAY*Ukraine between East and West
Page 176 and 177:
176 ШСЖ SEVĞENKOof the West and
Page 178 and 179:
178 fflOR SEVCENKOVenetian elements
Page 180 and 181:
180 IHORSEVCENKOMoscow with the unl
Page 182 and 183:
182 fflORSEVCENKOeighteenth centuri
Page 184 and 185:
REVIEW ARTICLESA Bibliographic Key
Page 186 and 187:
186 MARTA TARNAWSKYthought-out and
Page 188 and 189:
188 MARTA TARNAWSKYResearch Institu
Page 190 and 191:
190 MARTA TARNAWSKYreading and the
Page 192 and 193:
The Captivated Mind: Two Studies of
Page 194 and 195:
194 HAROLD B. SEGELmay never have e
Page 196 and 197:
196 HAROLD B. SEGELRomantic outlook
Page 198 and 199:
198 HAROLD B. SEGELhave come, but a
Page 200 and 201:
200 ReviewsThe number of entries (a
Page 202 and 203:
202 ReviewsThe richest part of the
Page 204 and 205:
204 Reviewsamount of printing error
Page 206 and 207:
206 Reviewswith the original French
Page 208 and 209:
208 Reviewstraditional naked Christ
Page 210 and 211:
210 ReviewsHnatenko, p. 15M. Гол
Page 212 and 213:
212 Reviewscraft from books rather
Page 214 and 215:
214 ReviewsA similar, albeit less r
Page 216 and 217:
216 ReviewsPEASANTS WITH PROMISE: U
Page 218 and 219:
218 Reviewsof that officer corps wh
Page 220 and 221:
220 Reviewsthey remained pro-Bolshe
Page 222 and 223:
222 Reviewsreference are given on t
Page 224 and 225:
224 ReviewsTHE NATIONALITIES FACTOR
Page 226 and 227:
226 Reviewsamply discuss, for examp
Page 228 and 229:
228 ReviewsTwo of the diaries chose
Page 230 and 231:
230 Reviewsshort biography of the a
Page 232 and 233:
232 ReviewsHolocaust survivors from
Page 234 and 235:
234 ReviewsJewish organizations, on
Page 236 and 237:
236 ReviewsWhile Narys Istorii cont
show all

HARVARD UKRAINIAN STUDIES - See also - Harvard University

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?