Untitled - The Future Ocean

modeling, which describe chemical and biological reactions occurring during fluid flow in porousmedia. The structural geology and geophysical groups will assist the JRG in developing techniquesfor mapping fracture networks in the ocean crust. Modeling of the three-dimensional, timedependentevolution of fluid-derived marine resources requires, for example, 1) the application ofstate-of-the-art discretization tools to take into account phase separation at low and hightemperatures, and 2) the use of novel multi-scale homogenization techniques to calculate fluid flowthrough different crack geometries. Since uncertainty is inherent in all numerical modeling, theJRG, together with the mathematical group and the “Numerical Simulations” platform, will developappropriate processing tools for the quantitative representation of uncertainty using, for example,Stochastic Finite Element Methods. The JRG will then integrate the knowledge of geologicalsystems and novel numerical techniques into a coupled transport-reaction model. This JRG hasclear links to subprojects A2 (gas hydrate melting), A7 (global carbon management), B4 (fluid flowat active continental margins) and B6 (legal aspects of mineral deposit extraction) as well as toplatforms P1, P2 and P4.5. ReferencesAllen DA, Seyfried WE (2003) Compositional controls on vent fluids from ultramafic-hostedhydrothermal systems at mid-ocean ridges: An experimental study at 400°C, 500 bars.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 67, 1531–1542.Beuchler S, Schneider R, Schwab C (2004) Multiresolution weighted norm equivalences andapplications. Numer Math 98, 67-97.Geiger S, Driesner T, Heinrich CA, Matheei S (2005) On the dynamics of NaCl-H 2 O fluidconvection in the Earth’s crust. J Geophys Res 110, B07101.Hannington MD, de Ronde C, Petersen S (2005) Sea-floor tectonics and submarine hydrothermalsystems. Econ Geol 100th Anniv Vol, 111-141.Hauff F, Hoernle K, Schmidt A (2003) The Sr-Nd-Pb composition of Mesozoic Pacific oceaniccrust (ODP Leg 185). Implications for alteration of ocean crust and the input into the Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction system. Geochem Geophys Geosys 4, # 8913.Hensen C, Wallmann K (2005) Methane formation at Costa Rica continental margin: constraintsfor gas hydrate inventory and cross-decollement fluid flow. Earth Planet Sci Lett 236, 41-60.Kawada Y, Yoshida Y, Watanaba S (2004) Numerical simulations of mid-ocean ridge hydrothermalcirculation including phase separation of seawater. Earth Planet Space 56, 193-215.Lackschewitz KS, Devey C, et al. (2004) Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristicsof hydrothermal alteration processes in the active, submarine, felsic-hosted PACMANUSfield, Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 68, 4405-4427.74