Exobiology in the Solar System & The Search for Life on Mars - ESA

SP-1231
14
TEAM IV
To analyse <strong>the</strong> proposed ideas <strong>for</strong> a manned mission to Mars from an exobiology
viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong> order to advise on <strong>the</strong> advantages offered and <strong>the</strong> precautions that need
to be taken.
Leader: André Brack, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Orléans,
France.
Christian de Duve, Institute of Cellular Pathology, Brussels, Belgium.
Gerda Horneck, Institute <strong>for</strong> Aerospace Medic<strong>in</strong>e, DLR, Porz-Wahn,
Germany.
Col<strong>in</strong> Pill<strong>in</strong>ger, PSRI, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
Daniel Prieur, Station Biologique, Roscoff, France.
Karl Stetter, Lehrstuhl der Mikrobiologie, Universität Regensberg, Germany.
Didier Vassaux, Prospective Spatiale, CNES, Paris, France.
Wolfram Zillig, MPI für Biochemie, Mart<strong>in</strong>sried, Germany.
Part II develops from Part I and provides <strong>the</strong> reason<strong>in</strong>g that leads to <strong>the</strong> def<strong>in</strong>ition
of <strong>the</strong> specified multi-user <strong>in</strong>strument package. <strong>The</strong> technical design of that package
is now be<strong>in</strong>g undertaken by ESA.
In develop<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>se ideas, <strong>the</strong> ESA <strong>Exobiology</strong> Team has been greatly assisted by
<strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g Advisors, whose contributions have also eased <strong>the</strong> task of prepar<strong>in</strong>g this
Report:
Nathalie Cabrol, Space Science Division, NASA Ames, Moffett Field,
Cali<strong>for</strong>nia, USA.
Ignasi Casanova, Institute <strong>for</strong> Space Studies, Univ. Politec. Catalunya,
Barcelona, Spa<strong>in</strong>.
Howell Edwards, Chemistry Department, Brad<strong>for</strong>d University, Brad<strong>for</strong>d, UK.
Michael Fernandes, Max Planck Inst. für Aeronomie, L<strong>in</strong>dau, Germany.
Göstar Kl<strong>in</strong>gelhöfer, Technische Universität, Darmstadt, Germany.
Jens Knudsen, Niels Bohr Institute, Örsted Laboratory, Copenhagen,
Denmark.
Alexandra MacDermott, Chemistry Department, Cambridge University,
Cambridge, UK.
Wojtek Markiewicz, Max Planck Institut für Aeronomie, L<strong>in</strong>dau, Germany.
Dave Ro<strong>the</strong>ry, Earth Science Department, Open University, Milton Keynes,
UK.
Manfred Schidlowski, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, Abt.Biochemie,
Ma<strong>in</strong>z,Germany.
Robert Sternberg, LISA, Université de Paris 7 & 12, Cretéil, France.
Harald Strauss, Institut für Geologie, Ruhr Universität, Bochum, Germany.
<strong>The</strong> Team would also like to thank <strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g ESA personnel <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir
contributions and assistance: August<strong>in</strong> Chicarro, Pierre Coste, Elena Grifoni, Gerhard
Km<strong>in</strong>ek, Franco Ongaro, Peter Schiller and Gün<strong>the</strong>r Seibert.
This study of <strong>the</strong> search <strong>for</strong> life on Mars, toge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong> earlier study on <strong>the</strong>
possibility of life elsewhere <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Solar</strong> <strong>System</strong>, was undertaken on <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>itiative of
ESA’s Directorate of Manned Spaceflight and Microgravity. <strong>The</strong> Team is grateful <strong>for</strong>
<strong>the</strong> Directorate’s support and, <strong>in</strong> particular, <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> work of Paul Clancy <strong>in</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g
that <strong>in</strong>itiative, establish<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> Team and guid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ir activities.