World Investment Report 2009: Transnational Corporations - Unctad

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ANNEX B 253 Region/economy �� (Millions of dollars) FDI inward stock FDI outward stock 1990 2000 �� 1990 2000 �� Aruba 145 a 760 2 033 a .. 374 360 a Bahamas 586 a 2 988 a 7 593 a .. .. .. Barbados 171 308 923 a 23 41 340 a British Virgin Islands 126 a 32 093 a 64 578 a 875 a 67 132 a 176 862 a Cayman Islands 1 749 a 25 585 a 79 973 a 648 a 20 788 a 51 287 a Cuba 2 a 74 a 185 a .. .. .. Dominica 66 a 275 a 559 a .. .. .. Dominican Republic 572 1 673 a 11 408 a .. .. .. Grenada 70 a 348 a 1 156 a .. .. .. Haiti 149 a 95 415 .. 2 a 2 a Jamaica 1 295 a 3 821 a 9 456 a 42 a 709 a 1 452 a Montserrat 40 a 83 a 99 a .. .. .. Netherlands Antilles 408 a 277 a 967 a 21 a 11 a 166 a Saint Kitts and Nevis 160 a 487 a 1 278 a .. .. .. Saint Lucia 316 a 807 a 1 870 a .. .. .. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 48 a 499 a 1 037 a .. .. .. Trinidad and Tobago 2 365 a 7 280 a 16 415 a 21 a 293 a 1 694 a Turks and Caicos Islands 2 4 358 .. .. .. Asia and Oceania �� 67 710 �� Asia 355 576 1 074 958 2 575 002 67 402 613 257 1 696 386 West Asia 43 832 66 494 362 559 8 476 16 065 131 985 Bahrain 552 5 906 14 844 719 1 752 9 340 Iraq .. a, b .. a, b 2 135 a .. .. .. Jordan 1 466 a 3 135 18 012 a 158 a 44 373 a Kuwait 37 a 608 991 3 662 1 677 15 807 Lebanon 53 a 4 988 a 24 170 a 43 a 586 a 5 451 a Oman 1 723 a 2 577 a 11 993 a 590 a 611 a 1 902 a Palestinian territory .. 932 a 1 150 a .. 606 a 1 635 a Qatar 63 a 1 912 a 22 055 a .. 74 a 8 738 a Saudi Arabia 21 894 a 17 577 114 277 2 124 a 4 990 a 23 130 a Syrian Arab Republic 5 954 a 7 279 a 10 337 a 4 a 105 a 567 a Turkey 11 189 a 19 204 69 871 1 157 a 3 668 13 865 United Arab Emirates 751 a 1 069 a 69 420 a 14 a 1 938 a 50 801 a Yemen 180 1 336 3 305 a 5 a 12 a 376 a South, East and South-East Asia �� East Asia 240 645 710 475 1 363 128 49 032 509 637 1 197 468 China 20 691 a 193 348 378 083 4 455 a 27 768 a 147 949 Hong Kong, China 201 653 a 455 469 835 764 11 920 a 388 380 775 920 Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of 572 a 1 044 a 1 435 a .. .. .. Korea, Republic of 5 186 38 110 90 693 2 301 26 833 95 540 Macao, China 2 809 a 2 801 a 9 749 a .. .. 2 920 a Mongolia - a 182 a 1 946 a .. .. .. Taiwan Province of China 9 735 a 19 521 45 458 30 356 a 66 655 175 140 South Asia 6 795 31 003 186 105 422 3 075 65 297 Afghanistan 12 a 17 a 1 365 a .. .. .. Bangladesh 478 a 2 162 4 817 45 a 69 81 Bhutan 2 a 4 a 131 a .. .. .. India 1 657 a 17 517 123 288 124 a 1 859 61 765 Iran, Islamic Republic of 2 039 a 2 597 a 20 811 a .. 572 a 1 853 a Maldives 25 a 118 a 225 a .. .. .. Nepal 12 a 72 a 127 a .. .. .. Pakistan 1 892 6 919 31 059 a 245 489 1 284 a Sri Lanka 679 a 1 596 4 283 a 8 a 86 a 314 a South-East Asia 64 303 266 985 663 210 9 471 84 481 301 635 Brunei Darussalam 33 a 3 868 a 10 361 a .. 447 a 732 a Cambodia 38 a 1 580 4 637 .. 193 308 Indonesia 8 732 a 25 060 a 67 044 a 86 a 6 940 a 27 233 a Lao People’s Democratic Republic 13 a 556 a 1 408 a .. 21 a 20 a Malaysia 10 318 52 747 a 73 262 753 15 878 a 67 580 Myanmar 281 c 3 865 c 5 546 a .. .. .. Philippines 4 528 a 18 156 a 21 470 a 406 a 2 044 a 5 810 a Singapore 30 468 110 570 326 142 a 7 808 56 755 189 094 a Thailand 8 242 29 915 104 850 a 418 2 203 10 857 a Timor-Leste - a 72 a 166 a .. .. .. Viet Nam 1 650 a 20 596 48 325 a .. .. .. Oceania 2 836 4 478 8 853 308 558 873 Cook Islands 14 a 34 a 39 a .. .. .. /...
254 World Investment Report 2009: Transnational Corporations, Agricultural Production and Development Region/economy �� (Millions of dollars) FDI inward stock FDI outward stock 1990 2000 �� 1990 2000 �� Fiji 284 389 1 759 a 25 a 35 82 a French Polynesia 69 a 139 a 324 a .. .. 82 a Kiribati - a 69 a 141 a .. .. .. New Caledonia 70 a 67 a 2 239 a .. .. .. Niue .. - a 7 a .. .. .. Northern Mariana Islands 304 a 767 a .. .. .. .. Palau .. 97 a 124 a .. .. .. Papua New Guinea 1 582 2 010 a 2 312 a 26 a 265 a 276 a Samoa 9 a 53 a 74 a .. .. .. Solomon Islands 301 a 382 a 700 258 a 258 a 375 Tokelau .. - .. .. .. .. Tonga 1 a 15 a 84 a .. .. .. Tuvalu .. .. a, b 32 a .. .. .. Vanuatu 201 a 457 a 1 019 .. .. 58 South-East Europe and CIS 9 60 873 420 414 - 21 345 225 387 South-East Europe - 5 666 65 426 - 841 4 174 Albania .. 247 2 627 .. .. 147 Bosnia and Herzegovina .. 1 063 a 7 779 a .. .. 29 a Croatia .. 2 800 31 061 .. 825 3 635 Montenegro .. .. 3 234 .. .. 310 Serbia .. 1 017 a 16 387 a .. .. .. The FYR of Macedonia .. 540 4 338 a .. 16 54 a CIS 9 �� - �� Armenia 9 a 583 3 521 .. 1 a 24 Azerbaijan .. 3 735 6 612 .. 5 a 5 232 Belarus .. 1 306 6 679 .. 24 50 Georgia .. 762 6 919 .. 92 130 Kazakhstan .. 10 078 58 284 .. 16 5 842 Kyrgyzstan .. 432 1 015 .. 33 18 Moldova, Republic of .. 449 2 573 .. 23 75 Russian Federation .. 32 204 213 734 .. 20 141 202 837 Tajikistan .. 136 a 862 .. .. .. Turkmenistan .. 949 a 4 748 a .. .. .. Ukraine .. 3 875 46 997 .. 170 7 005 Uzbekistan .. 698 a 3 043 a .. .. .. Memorandum All developing economies, excluding China 508 903 1 542 819 3 897 899 140 724 834 590 2 208 701 Developing economies and transition economies 529 602 1 797 039 4 696 396 145 179 883 703 2 582 037 Least developed countries (LDCs) d 11 579 39 061 136 167 952 3 172 10 284 Major petroleum exporters e 62 112 150 173 553 756 11 345 33 703 181 329 Major exporters of manufactures f 363 234 1 173 978 2 651 258 103 415 652 262 1 751 127 EU-15, 1995 g 758 156 2 055 080 5 842 753 809 459 2 978 480 8 006 436 EU-25, 2005 h 761 785 2 153 697 6 314 019 810 282 2 983 721 8 084 644 Source: UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database (www.unctad.org/fdistatistics). a Estimates. For details, see “Definitions and Sources” in annex B. b Negative stock value. However, this value is included in the regional and global total. c On a fiscal year basis. d Least developed countries include: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. e Major petroleum exporters countries include: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Congo, Gabon, Indonesia, Islamic the Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Yemen. f Major exporters of manufactures include: Brazil, China, Hong Kong (China), India, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand and Turkey. g EU-15, 1995 include: Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. h EU-25, 2005 include: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
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UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE
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PREFACE World foreign direct invest
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The World Investme
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE.....
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Page b. Outward FDI: moderate but a
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3. Addressing environmental and soc
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Page I.24. Number of IIAs concluded
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A.I.6. Estimated world inward FDI f
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KEY MESSAGES FDI TRENDS, POLICIES A
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OVERVIEW xix Amid a sharpening fina
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OVERVIEW xxi TNCs in international
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OVERVIEW xxiii been expressed that
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OVERVIEW xxv TRANSNATIONAL CORPORAT
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OVERVIEW xxvii The universe of agri
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OVERVIEW xxix role TNCs could play
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OVERVIEW xxxi Host countries should
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PART ONE FDI TRENDS, POLICIES AND P
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INTRODUCTION For the greater part o
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CHAPTER III TNCS AND AGRICULTURAL P
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CHAPTER III 97 significant agent fo
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CHAPTER III 99 Table III.2. Agricul
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CHAPTER III 101 pesticides and chem
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CHAPTER III 103 ��
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CHAPTER III 105 Table III.5. Biofue
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CHAPTER III 107 Figure III.3. A typ
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CHAPTER III 109 Box III.4. The OLI
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CHAPTER III 111 Much of the analysi
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CHAPTER III 113 Figure III.6. Share
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CHAPTER III 115 Table III.8. Compar
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CHAPTER III 117 Table III.9. Inward
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CHAPTER III 119 In recent years, co
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CHAPTER III 121 has been engaged in
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CHAPTER III 123 Figure III.14. Inve
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CHAPTER III 125 bottom nine compani
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CHAPTER III 127 Box III.10. Selecte
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CHAPTER III 129 Table III.13. Examp
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CHAPTER III 131 4 For instance, the
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CHAPTER IV DEVELOPMENT IMPLICATIONS
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CHAPTER IV 135 Box IV.1. TNC partic
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CHAPTER IV 137 Box IV.3. The signif
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CHAPTER IV 139 Sachs, 2001). Withou
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CHAPTER IV 141 such as BASF, Dupont
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CHAPTER IV 143 collective actions i
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CHAPTER IV 145 cocoa and banana pla
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CHAPTER IV 147 produce sold by Shop
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CHAPTER IV 149 of TNCs - internatio
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CHAPTER IV 151 international agribu
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CHAPTER IV 153 to mitigate power as
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CHAPTER IV 155 including least deve
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CHAPTER IV 157 directly in agricult
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CHAPTER IV 159 acquired by foreign
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CHAPTER IV 161 themselves or by the
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CHAPTER IV 163 in farming the same
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CHAPTER IV 165 producing simple, la
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CHAPTER V POLICY CHALLENGES AND OPT
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CHAPTER V 169 b. Land and water use
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CHAPTER V 171 Table V.1. Percentage
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CHAPTER V 173 improve life for loca
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CHAPTER V 175 them with seeds, pest
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CHAPTER V 177 3. Addressing environ
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CHAPTER V 179 productive uses and u
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CHAPTER V 181 Box V.10. Sector-spec
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CHAPTER V 183 Box V.11. Trade barri
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CHAPTER V 185 Box V.12. China’s p
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CHAPTER V 187 agricultural producti
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CHAPTER V 189 advancing by the end
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CHAPTER V 191 industry. However, ex
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CHAPTER V 193 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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EPILOGUE Building on advanced techn
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AAAID (2002). Arab Authority for Ag
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REFERENCES 199 China, Ministry of A
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REFERENCES 201 FARA (Forum for Agri
Page 236 and 237: REFERENCES 203 International Instit
Page 238 and 239: REFERENCES 205 Pardey, G. Philippe
Page 240 and 241: REFERENCES 207 Tauli-Corpuz, Victor
Page 242 and 243: REFERENCES 209 United Nations (2004
Page 244 and 245: ANNEXES 2009
Page 246 and 247: ANNEX A 213 Annex table A.I.1. Numb
Page 248 and 249: ANNEX A 215 Annex table A.I.2. Numb
Page 250 and 251: ANNEX A 217 Annex table A.I.3. Cros
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Page 270 and 271: ANNEX A 237 Annex table A.III.3. In
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Page 276 and 277: DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES 243 DEFINIT
Page 278 and 279: DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES 245 C. Data
Page 280 and 281: ANNEX B 247 Region/economy ��
Page 288 and 289: ANNEX B 255 ��
Page 308 and 309: SELECTED UNCTAD PUBLICATIONS ON TNC
Page 310 and 311: SELECTED UNCTAD PUBLICATIONS ON TNC
Page 312 and 313: QUESTIONNAIRE World Investment Repo
Page 314: GE.09- United Nations UNCTAD/WIR/20
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