World Investment Report 2009: Transnational Corporations - Unctad

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ANNEX B 265 �� (Per cent) Region/economy CIS FDI flows as a percentage of gross fixed capital formation FDI stocks as a percentage of gross domestic product 2006 2007 �� 1990 2000 �� Croatia inward 27.0 32.4 22.9 .. 13.1 44.9 outward 2.1 1.6 0.9 .. 3.9 5.3 Montenegro inward 104.9 93.6 80.1 .. .. 67.1 outward 5.6 16.8 9.2 .. .. 6.4 Serbia inward 72.4 46.7 32.6 .. .. 32.7 outward 1.4 12.7 3.0 .. .. .. The FYR of Macedonia inward 36.7 47.2 33.5 .. 15.0 45.3 outward - - 0.1 - 0.8 .. 0.4 0.6 inward 17.0 20.5 21.0 .. 15.7 16.3 outward 9.1 13.4 11.9 .. 6.2 10.3 Armenia inward 20.0 19.7 24.4 .. 30.5 29.5 outward 0.1 - 0.1 0.2 .. - 0.2 Azerbaijan inward - 9.6 - 68.1 0.1 .. 70.8 14.3 outward 11.3 4.0 6.0 .. 0.1 11.3 Belarus inward 3.2 12.6 10.9 .. 12.5 11.1 outward - 0.1 - .. 0.2 0.1 Georgia inward 59.1 66.9 54.3 .. 24.9 54.1 outward - 0.8 2.9 1.4 .. 3.0 1.0 Kazakhstan inward 25.7 35.4 40.2 .. 55.1 44.0 outward - 1.6 10.0 10.5 .. 0.1 4.4 Kyrgyzstan inward 27.9 22.0 18.6 .. 31.5 20.1 outward - - - .. 2.4 0.4 Moldova, Republic of inward 30.2 32.9 34.6 .. 34.8 42.5 outward - 0.1 0.8 1.6 .. 1.8 1.2 Russian Federation inward 16.2 20.2 19.5 .. 12.4 12.7 outward 12.6 16.8 14.5 .. 7.8 12.0 Tajikistan inward 77.3 78.1 58.9 .. 15.8 16.8 outward .. .. .. .. .. .. Turkmenistan inward 41.0 40.3 39.9 .. 22.8 63.4 outward .. .. .. .. .. .. Ukraine inward 21.1 25.2 21.8 .. 12.4 26.1 outward - 0.5 1.7 2.1 .. 0.5 3.9 Uzbekistan inward 6.2 18.1 17.9 .. 5.1 10.9 outward .. .. .. .. .. .. Memorandum All developing economies, excluding China inward 16.4 16.8 16.9 14.8 27.0 30.3 outward 9.0 10.1 8.1 4.5 15.2 17.8 Developing economies and transition economies inward 13.5 13.9 13.6 13.8 24.6 24.0 outward 6.7 7.6 6.6 4.1 12.6 13.5 Least developed countries (LDCs) b inward 31.0 28.7 30.2 7.6 21.9 25.7 outward 1.4 2.5 5.6 1.3 2.9 3.1 Major petroleum exporters c inward 18.6 17.7 19.0 9.7 15.9 18.2 outward 6.7 11.3 7.4 2.2 3.7 6.2 /...
266 World Investment Report 2009: Transnational Corporations, Agricultural Production and Development �� (Per cent) Region/economy Major exporters of manufactures d EU-15, 1995 e EU-25, 2005 f FDI flows as a percentage of gross fixed capital formation FDI stocks as a percentage of gross domestic product 2006 2007 �� 1990 2000 �� inward 10.3 10.4 10.0 15.5 25.7 23.4 outward 6.1 6.2 5.7 4.4 14.3 15.4 inward 18.6 23.1 12.3 10.8 25.6 34.6 outward 24.0 35.4 23.4 11.5 37.0 47.4 inward 19.1 23.2 12.7 10.6 25.7 34.9 outward 23.3 33.6 22.1 11.4 35.6 44.7 Source: UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database (www.unctad.org/fdistatistics). a Negative stock value. However, this value is included in the regional and global total. b Least developed countries include: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. c Major petroleum exporters countries include: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Congo, Gabon, Indonesia, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Yemen. d Major exporters of manufactures include: Brazil, China, Hong Kong (China), India, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand and Turkey. e EU-15, 1995 include: Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. f EU-25, 2005 include: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
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UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE
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PREFACE World foreign direct invest
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The World Investme
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE.....
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Page b. Outward FDI: moderate but a
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3. Addressing environmental and soc
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Page I.24. Number of IIAs concluded
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A.I.6. Estimated world inward FDI f
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KEY MESSAGES FDI TRENDS, POLICIES A
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OVERVIEW xix Amid a sharpening fina
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OVERVIEW xxi TNCs in international
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OVERVIEW xxiii been expressed that
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OVERVIEW xxv TRANSNATIONAL CORPORAT
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OVERVIEW xxvii The universe of agri
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OVERVIEW xxix role TNCs could play
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OVERVIEW xxxi Host countries should
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PART ONE FDI TRENDS, POLICIES AND P
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INTRODUCTION For the greater part o
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CHAPTER III TNCS AND AGRICULTURAL P
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CHAPTER III 97 significant agent fo
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CHAPTER III 99 Table III.2. Agricul
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CHAPTER III 101 pesticides and chem
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CHAPTER III 103 ��
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CHAPTER III 105 Table III.5. Biofue
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CHAPTER III 107 Figure III.3. A typ
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CHAPTER III 109 Box III.4. The OLI
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CHAPTER III 111 Much of the analysi
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CHAPTER III 113 Figure III.6. Share
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CHAPTER III 115 Table III.8. Compar
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CHAPTER III 117 Table III.9. Inward
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CHAPTER III 119 In recent years, co
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CHAPTER III 121 has been engaged in
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CHAPTER III 123 Figure III.14. Inve
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CHAPTER III 125 bottom nine compani
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CHAPTER III 127 Box III.10. Selecte
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CHAPTER III 129 Table III.13. Examp
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CHAPTER III 131 4 For instance, the
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CHAPTER IV DEVELOPMENT IMPLICATIONS
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CHAPTER IV 135 Box IV.1. TNC partic
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CHAPTER IV 137 Box IV.3. The signif
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CHAPTER IV 139 Sachs, 2001). Withou
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CHAPTER IV 141 such as BASF, Dupont
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CHAPTER IV 143 collective actions i
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CHAPTER IV 145 cocoa and banana pla
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CHAPTER IV 147 produce sold by Shop
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CHAPTER IV 149 of TNCs - internatio
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CHAPTER IV 151 international agribu
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CHAPTER IV 153 to mitigate power as
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CHAPTER IV 155 including least deve
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CHAPTER IV 157 directly in agricult
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CHAPTER IV 159 acquired by foreign
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CHAPTER IV 161 themselves or by the
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CHAPTER IV 163 in farming the same
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CHAPTER IV 165 producing simple, la
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CHAPTER V POLICY CHALLENGES AND OPT
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CHAPTER V 169 b. Land and water use
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CHAPTER V 171 Table V.1. Percentage
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CHAPTER V 173 improve life for loca
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CHAPTER V 175 them with seeds, pest
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CHAPTER V 177 3. Addressing environ
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CHAPTER V 179 productive uses and u
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CHAPTER V 181 Box V.10. Sector-spec
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CHAPTER V 183 Box V.11. Trade barri
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CHAPTER V 185 Box V.12. China’s p
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CHAPTER V 187 agricultural producti
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CHAPTER V 189 advancing by the end
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CHAPTER V 191 industry. However, ex
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CHAPTER V 193 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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EPILOGUE Building on advanced techn
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AAAID (2002). Arab Authority for Ag
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REFERENCES 199 China, Ministry of A
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REFERENCES 201 FARA (Forum for Agri
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REFERENCES 203 International Instit
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REFERENCES 205 Pardey, G. Philippe
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REFERENCES 207 Tauli-Corpuz, Victor
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REFERENCES 209 United Nations (2004
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ANNEXES 2009
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ANNEX A 213 Annex table A.I.1. Numb
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Page 276 and 277: DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES 243 DEFINIT
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Page 308 and 309: SELECTED UNCTAD PUBLICATIONS ON TNC
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World Investment Report 2009: Transnational Corporations - Unctad

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