GAW Report No. 205 - IGAC Project

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CHAPTER 5 – NORTH AMERICABlumenthal, D. L., Lurmann, F. W., Kumar, N., Dye, T. S., Ray, S. E., Korc, M. E., Londergan, R.,and Moore, G. (1997). Transport and mixing phenomena related to ozone exceedances inthe Northeast US (Analysis of NARSTO-Northeast Data). Santa Rosa, CA.Boersma, K. F., Jacob, D. J., Buscela, E. J., Perring, A. E., Dirksen, R., van der, A., Yanrosca, R.,Park, R., Wenin, M., Bertram, T.H, and Cohen, R. C. (2008). Validations of OMItropospheric NO2 observations during INTEX-B and application to constrain NO X emissionsover the eastern US and Mexico. Atmos. Environ., 42, 4480-4497Christian, T. J., Yokelson, R. J., Cardenas, B., Molina, L. T., Engling, G., & Hsu, S. C. (2009).Trace gas and particle emissions from domestic and industrial biofuel use and garbageburning in central Mexico. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(2), 10101-10152. doi: 10.5194/acp-10-565-2010Cox, P., Delao, A., Komorniczak, A., & Weller, R. (2009). The California Almanac of emissions andair quality-2009 edition. California Air Resources Board.Croes, B. E., & Fujita, E. M. (2003). Overview of the 1997 Southern California OzoneStudy(SCOS97-NARSTO). Atmos. Environ., 37(Supplement No. 2), 3-26Crounse, J. D., DeCarlo, P. F., Blake, D. R., Emmons, L. K., Campos, T. L., Apel, E. C., Clarke,A.J., Weinheimer, A.J., McCabe, D.C., Yokelson, R.J., Jimenez, J.L., and Wennberg, P. O.(2009). Biomass burning and urban air pollution over the Central Mexican Plateau. Atmos.Chem. Phys., 9(1), 4929-4944. doi: 10.5194/acpd-9-2699-2009DeBell, L. J., Gebhart, K. A., Hand, J. L., Malm, W. C., Pitchford, M. L., Schichtel, B. A., & White,W. H. (2006). Spatial and seasonal patterns and temporal variability of haze and itsconstituents in the United States: Report IV. IMPROVE.DeCarlo, P. F., Dunlea, E. J., Kimmel, J. R., Aiken, A. C., Sueper, D., Crounse, J., .Wennberg,P.O., Emmons, L., Shinozuka, Y., Clarke, A., Zhou, J., Tomlinson, J., Collins, D.R., Knap,D., Weinheimer, A.J., Montzka, D.D., Campos, T., and Jimenez, J. L. (2008). Fast airborneaerosol size and chemistry measurments above Mexico City and Central Mexico during theMILAGRO campaign. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8(14), 4027-4048. doi: 10.5194/acp-8-4027-2008.Diffenbaugh, N. S., Giorgi, F., & Pal, J. S. (2008). Climate change hotspots in the United States.Geophys. Res. Letts., 35(L16709). doi: 10.1029/2008GL035075Doran, & al, e. (1998). The IMADA-AVER boundary layer experiment in the Mexico City area. Bull.Am. Met. Soc., 79(11), 2497-2508. doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1998)0792.0.CO;2Dusanter, S., Vimal, D., Stevens, P. S., Volkamer, R., & Molina, L. T. (2009). Measurements of OHand HO2 concentrations during the MCMA-2006 field campaign- Part 1: Deployment of theIndiana University laser-induced fluorescence instrument. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(5), 1665-1685. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-1665-2009Dzepina, K., Volkamer, R. M., Madronich, S., Tulet, P., Ulbrich, I. M., Zhang, Q., Cappa, C.D.,Ziemann, J., and Jimenez, J. L. (2009). Evaluation of recently-proposed secondary organicaerosol models for a case study in Mexico City. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(15), 5681-5709.doi: 10.5194/acp-9-5681-2009Edgerton, S. A., Bian, X., Doran, J. C., Fast, J. D., Hubbe, J. M., Malone, E. L., .Shaw, W.J.,Whiteman, C.D., Zhing, S., Arriaga, J.L., Ortiz, E., Ruiz, M., Sosa, G., Vega, E., Limon, T.,Guzman, F., Archuleta, J., Bossert, J.E., Elliott, S., Lee, J.T., McNair, L.A., Chow, J.C.,Watson, J.G., Coulter, R.L., Doskey, P.V., Gaffney, J.S., Marley, N.A., Neff, W., and Petty,R. (1999). Particulate air pollution in Mexico City: A collaborative research project. J. AirWaste Manag. Assoc., 49, 1221-1229Engel-Cox, J. A., Hoff, R. M., Rogers, R., Dimmick, F., Rush, A. C., Szykman, J. J., Al-Saadi, J.,Chu, D.A., and Zell, E. R. (2006). Integrating lidar and satellite optical depth with ambientmonitoring for 3-dimensional particulate characterization. Atmos. Environ., 40(40), 8056-8067. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.02.039188
CHAPTER 5 – NORTH AMERICAFehsenfeld, F. C., Ancellet, G., Bates, T. S., Goldstein, A. H., Hardesty, R. M., Honrath, R., Law,K.S., Lewis, A.C., Lealtch, R., McKeen, S., Meagher, J., Parrish, D.D., Pszenny, A.A.P.,Russell, P.B., Schlager, H., Seinfeld, J., Talbot, R., and Zbinden, R. (2006). InternationalConsortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT): NorthAmerica to Europe-Overview of the 2004 summer field study. J. Geophys. Res.,111(D23S01). doi: 10.1029/2006JD007829Foy, B. d., Fast, J. D., Paech, S. J., Phillips, D., Walters, J. T., Coulter, R. L., Martin, T.J., Pekour,M.S., Shaw, W.J., Kastendeuch, P.P., Marley, N.A., Retama, A., and Molina, L. T. (2008).Basin-scale wind transport during the MILAGRO field campaign and comparison toclimatology using cluster analysis. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8(5), 1209-1224. doi: 10.5194/acp-8-1209-2008Foy, B. d., Varela, J. R., Molina, L. T., & Molina, M. J. (2006). Rapid ventilation of the Mexico CityBasin and regional fate of the urban plumes. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6(8), 2321-2335. doi:10.5194/acp-6-2321-2006Garcia, A. R., Volkamer, R., Molina, L. T., Molina, M. J., Samuelson, J., Mellqvist, J., Galle, B.,Herdon, C., and Kolb, C. E. (2006). Separation of emitted and photochemical formaldehydein Mexico City using a statistical analysis and a new pair of gas-phase tracers. Atmos.Chem. Phys., 6(12), 4545-4557. doi: 10.5194/acp-6-4545-2006Haagen-Smit, A. J. (1952). Chemistry and physiology of Los Angeles smog. Indust. Eng. Chem.,44(1342).Hall, J. V., Brajer, V., & Lurmann, F. W. (2008). The benefits of meeting federal clean air standardsin the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley air basins (pp. 98): William and Flora HewlettFoundation.Jacob, D. J., Crawford, J. H., Maring, H., Dibb, J. E., Clarke, A. D., Ferrare, R. A., Hostetler, C.A.,Russell, P.B., Singh, H.B., Thompson, A.M., Shaw, G.E., McCauley, E., Pederson, J.R.,and Fisher, J. A. (2009). The ARCTAS aircraft mission: design and execution. Atmos.Chem. Phys. Disc., 9(4), 17073-17123. doi: 10.5194/acpd-9-17073-2009Jacob, D. J., Logan, J. A., & Murti, P. P. (1999). Effect of rising Asian emissions on surface ozonein the United States. Geophys. Res. Letts., 26(14), 2175-2178Jacob, D. J., & Winner, A. (2009). Effect of climate change on air quality. Atmos. Environ., 43(1),51-63. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051Johnson, K. S., Foy, B. d., Zuberi, B., Molina, L. T., Molina, M. J., Xie, Y.,Laskin, A., andShutthanandan, V. (2006). Aerosol composition and source apportionment in the MexicoCity Metropolitan Area with PIXE/PESA/STIM and multivariate analysis. Atmos. Chem.Phys., 6(12), 4591-4600. doi: 10.5194/acp-6-4591-2006Karl, T., Apel, E., Hodzic, A., Riemer, D. D., Blake, D. R., & Wiedinmyer, C. (2009). Emissions ofvolatile organic compounds inferred from airborne flux measurements over a megacity.Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(1), 271-285. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-271-2009Kim, S. W., Heckel, A., Frost, G. J., Richter, A., Gleason, J., Burrows, J. P., McKeen, S., Hsie, E.-Y., Granier, C., and Trainer, M. (2009). NO2 columns in the western United Statesobserved from space and simulated by a regional chemistry model and their implicationsfor NO X emissions. J. Geophys. Res., 114(D11301). doi: 10.1029/2008JD011343Kleinman, L. I., Springston, S. R., Daum, P. H., Lee, Y.-N., Nunnermacker, L. J., Senum, G. I.,Wang, J., Weinstein-Lloyd, J., Alexander, M.L., Hubbe, J., Ortega, J., Canagaratna, M.R.,and Jayne, J. (2008). The time evolution of aerosol composition over the Mexico Cityplateau. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8(5), 1559-1579. doi: 10.5194/acpd-7-14461-2007Lefohn, A. S., Shadwick, D., & Oltmans, S. J. (2008). Characterizing long-term changes in surfaceozone levels in the United States (1980-2005). Atmos. Environ., 42(35), 8252-8262. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.060Lei, W., Foy, B. d., Zavala, M., Volkamer, R., & Molina, L. T. (2006). Characterizing ozoneproduction in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area: a case study using chemical transportmodel. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6(4), 1347-1366. doi:10.5194/acpd-6-7959-2006189
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© World Meteorological Organizatio
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONatmospheric
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThe impact
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONEquations 1
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThere is a
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 8 -
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLow-income
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION1.5 SCIENTI
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONthese aeros
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 16:
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONReferencesA
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLeibensperg
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICACoordinating auth
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAFigure 3 displays
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAabout 2,000 mm pe
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAFigure 5 - NO2 me
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAIn West-African c
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAratios in Bamako
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAAs shown in Figur
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAof the city of Jo
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAlow smoke coal wa
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcompleted, their
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAepidemiological d
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAPopulationGrowthR
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcycle with levels
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcomparable to tho
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICASeagrave, J., McD
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe bottom-up and t
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 2 - (a) CO e
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand Kim Oanh, 2002]
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 4 - Annual a
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmaintenance program
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAnearly half of the
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIARelationships of th
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 12 - Graphic
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAnother significant
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand international),
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 17 - (a) Var
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions inventory
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAir Quality Index r
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIA• Strict restrict
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAis due the ban of l
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAvailability of air
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 26 - Box plo
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAResearch projects o
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmonitoring stations
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIApreliminary stage.
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIATable 8 - National
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAControl strategiesA
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAMetro Manila Air Qu
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmoves inland and O
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAHong Kong and Macau
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAClimatic change iss
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission sources of
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAIn the case of PM 1
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAdue to yellow sand
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission inventorie
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAatmosphere, which i
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions of NO X f
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 58 - Annuall
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe predominance of
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAthe negative health
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAsrari, E., Ghole,
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAGuo H, Fine AJ, So
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIALi L., Chen C.H., H
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEprecipitation sam
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEstrict legislatio
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPECaserini, S., Fra
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEHodzic A., C. H.,
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPELondon, T. f. Cle
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPETebaldi, G., Angi
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CHAPTER 7 - OVERVIEW OF INTERNATION
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7.9 PRIDE-PRDCHAPTER 7 - OVERVIEW O
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKa
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKi
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKa
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKT
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKs
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKr
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKM
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LIST OF RECENT GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE WA
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141. Report of the LAP/COST/WMO Int
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185. Guidelines for the Measurement
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