GAW Report No. 205 - IGAC Project

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CHAPTER 7 – OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ACTIVITIESFigure 18 - Picture from Cotonou (Benin)Keywords: Health-environment-climate; Aerosol and chemistry; traffic; biofuel; health impacts.E-mail address: lioc@aero.obs-mip.frOMP: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, IDAF: IGAC/DEBITS/AFrique International Global AtmosphericChemistry, Deposition of Biogeochemical Trace Species/AFrique, POLCA: POllution of AfricanCapitals (http://www.redgems.org/spip.php?rubrique55), AMMA: African Monsoon andMultidisciplinary Analyses MOUSSON : http://mousson.csregistry.org/tiki-index.php.274
CHAPTER 7 – OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES7.11 GAW URBAN RESEARCH METEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT (GURME) PROJECTThe main focus of the World Meteorological Organization’s GURME project, initiated in 1998,is the important cross-cutting area of urban air quality. GURME addresses the end-to-end aspectsof air quality, linking the observational capabilities of GAW with the needs of chemical weatherprediction, with the goal of providing decision makers and the general public with enhanced airquality services of appropriate quality. Priority activities include the improvement of observingsystems and their integration with urban-scale models and capacity building/training initiatives.Through a training team materials for a basic air quality modelling and forecasting course weredeveloped. These have been modified as per the requirements of each specific training event.GURME provides an international platform for cross-cutting urban air pollution activities,collaborating with other WMO Programmes, international organizations, National Meteorologicaland Hydrological Services (NMHSs), research institutes, academia and environmental agencies.Participation in MEGAPOLI and several European COST actions has been mutually beneficial.GURME pilot projects have been established for several megacities, below are short descriptions.GURME activities are shown in Figure 19, with the so-called “GURME Figure” in the middle.GURME activities are guided by the WMO/GAW Scientific Advisory Group (SAG) forGURME, chaired by Prof. Gregory Carmichael.Observational NeedsChemicalMeteorologicalAssimilationModelling NeedsWeather predictionChemical weather and airquality predictionDemonstrationCoordinationCapacity BuildingWorkshopsTrainingEducationAir Quality & RelatedProductsImproved ForecastsGuidelinesPilot ProjectsUSERSHealthAgricultureEnvironmentalPublicEmergency ResponseDisseminationFigure 19 - Main elements and goals of GURME for the strategic planning period 2008-2015Latin American Cities projectThe Latin American Cities project was originally focused on Mexico City, Santiago and SaoPaulo concentrating on capacity development. The project grew out of the GURME Experts Meetingheld in Cuernavaca, Mexico in October 2002, which was attended by 25 invited participants from 11countries. The first Workshop on Air Quality Forecasting in Latin American Cities was held in275
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© World Meteorological Organizatio
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The second lead authors meeting was
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONatmospheric
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThe impact
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONEquations 1
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThere is a
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 8 -
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLow-income
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION1.5 SCIENTI
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONthese aeros
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 16:
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONReferencesA
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLeibensperg
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICACoordinating auth
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAFigure 3 displays
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAabout 2,000 mm pe
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAFigure 5 - NO2 me
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAIn West-African c
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAratios in Bamako
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAAs shown in Figur
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAof the city of Jo
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAlow smoke coal wa
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcompleted, their
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAepidemiological d
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAPopulationGrowthR
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcycle with levels
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAcomparable to tho
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICAFavez, O., Sciare
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICASeagrave, J., McD
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe bottom-up and t
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 2 - (a) CO e
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand Kim Oanh, 2002]
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 4 - Annual a
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmaintenance program
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAnearly half of the
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIARelationships of th
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 12 - Graphic
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAnother significant
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand international),
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 17 - (a) Var
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions inventory
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAir Quality Index r
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIA• Strict restrict
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAis due the ban of l
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAvailability of air
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 26 - Box plo
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAResearch projects o
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmonitoring stations
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIApreliminary stage.
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIATable 8 - National
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAControl strategiesA
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAMetro Manila Air Qu
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmoves inland and O
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAHong Kong and Macau
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 39 - A 52-ye
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAClimatic change iss
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission sources of
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAIn the case of PM 1
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAdue to yellow sand
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission inventorie
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAatmosphere, which i
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions of NO X f
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 58 - Annuall
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe predominance of
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAthe negative health
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAsrari, E., Ghole,
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAGuo H, Fine AJ, So
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIALi L., Chen C.H., H
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAPollution Control D
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAYu JZ, Tung JWT, Wu
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAand human
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICA4.1.2 Emis
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICATable 4 -
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAemissions
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAthird moun
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4.3 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINACHAPTER
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAless than
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICApart of Sa
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAThe Nation
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICA4.7 SÃO P
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAhydrocarbo
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAthat such
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICACorvalán,
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICALongo, K.
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICARomero Lan
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICACoordinati
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAstories fo
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAthat impro
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICA5.2 THE US
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAcontributi
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAseason fro
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAtoluene, a
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAand small
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICABlumenthal
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICALei, W., Z
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAVelasco, E
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 1 shows a
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE6.1.3 Pollution l
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 4 - [Carsl
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 7 - Greate
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 9 - Partit
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFrom a regulatory
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEB) Particulate ma
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE• During the wi
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 17 - Total
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEair quality in th
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEfaculty of MSU, I
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE2007; Andersson e
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPETable 3b - Past a
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEexpectancy in NRW
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEtime range of sev
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GAW Report No. 205 - IGAC Project

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