GAW Report No. 205 - IGAC Project

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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 17 - (a) Variation of monthly averaged tracer concentrations compared to the annual average concentration for theDelhi emission domain; (b) Box model illustration of the impact of the mixing layer height; (c) Figure 6: Wind Speed forDelhi domain, estimated from ECMWF; (d) Mixing layer height in Delhi, estimated from NCEP Reanalysis data80
CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 18 - Back trajectories for Delhi, India for four months in 2008Diurnal cycles in pollutionIn the morning and evening traffic hours, the transport sector is the predominant source ofpollution at the ITO monitoring site. Figure 19 shows typical variation of PM 2.5 , Ozone, CO, SO 2 ,NO X , and NO 2 , over a 24-hour period in 2008. The graphs indicate an average of the measuredconcentrations for each hour over all days in 2008.Truck pollution at nightAn important observation in Figure 19 is the diurnal variation of the PM 2.5 pollution. Besidesthe rush hours bumps (8-10 in the morning and 6-9 in the evening) the steady increase in thepollution levels is attributed to two reasons – a direct source from trucks, which are allowed to passthrough the city after 9 PM and a change in the mixing layer height. The influence of the truckemissions is more evident in the direct correlation of the PM 2.5 and SO 2 cycles, possibly originatingfrom the diesel combustion in trucks.While the passenger travel in the city has grown over the last decade [Guttikunda, 2009b],the importance of the freight transport (via trucks) during the night should not be neglected, sincethe high concentrations observed during the night tend to linger during the rush hours (mixed withthe passenger travel) and beyond (through ~11 AM) and hence increasing the exposure times andrelated health concerns along the major corridor.Figure 19 - Diurnal variation of pollution at the ITO station in Delhi, India averaged over all days in 200881
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The second lead authors meeting was
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONatmospheric
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThe impact
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONEquations 1
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONThere is a
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 8 -
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLow-income
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION1.5 SCIENTI
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONthese aeros
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONFigure 16:
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONReferencesA
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTIONLeibensperg
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CHAPTER 2 - AFRICACoordinating auth
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Page 70 and 71: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe bottom-up and t
Page 72 and 73: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 2 - (a) CO e
Page 74 and 75: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand Kim Oanh, 2002]
Page 76 and 77: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 4 - Annual a
Page 78 and 79: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmaintenance program
Page 80 and 81: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAnearly half of the
Page 82 and 83: CHAPTER 3 - ASIARelationships of th
Page 84 and 85: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 12 - Graphic
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAnother significant
Page 88 and 89: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAand international),
Page 92 and 93: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions inventory
Page 94 and 95: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAir Quality Index r
Page 96 and 97: CHAPTER 3 - ASIA• Strict restrict
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Page 100 and 101: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAvailability of air
Page 102 and 103: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 26 - Box plo
Page 104 and 105: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAResearch projects o
Page 106 and 107: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmonitoring stations
Page 108 and 109: CHAPTER 3 - ASIApreliminary stage.
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Page 112 and 113: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAControl strategiesA
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAMetro Manila Air Qu
Page 116 and 117: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAmoves inland and O
Page 118 and 119: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAHong Kong and Macau
Page 120 and 121: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 39 - A 52-ye
Page 122 and 123: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAClimatic change iss
Page 124 and 125: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission sources of
Page 126 and 127: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAIn the case of PM 1
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAdue to yellow sand
Page 130 and 131: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmission inventorie
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAatmosphere, which i
Page 134 and 135: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAEmissions of NO X f
Page 136 and 137: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAFigure 58 - Annuall
Page 138 and 139: CHAPTER 3 - ASIAThe predominance of
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAthe negative health
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAAsrari, E., Ghole,
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAGuo H, Fine AJ, So
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIALi L., Chen C.H., H
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAPollution Control D
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CHAPTER 3 - ASIAYu JZ, Tung JWT, Wu
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAand human
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICA4.1.2 Emis
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICATable 4 -
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAemissions
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAthird moun
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4.3 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINACHAPTER
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAless than
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICApart of Sa
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAThe Nation
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICA4.7 SÃO P
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAhydrocarbo
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICAthat such
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICACorvalán,
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICALongo, K.
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CHAPTER 4 - SOUTH AMERICARomero Lan
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICACoordinati
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAstories fo
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAthat impro
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICA5.2 THE US
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAcontributi
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAseason fro
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAtoluene, a
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAand small
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICABlumenthal
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICALei, W., Z
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CHAPTER 5 - NORTH AMERICAVelasco, E
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 1 shows a
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE6.1.3 Pollution l
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 4 - [Carsl
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 7 - Greate
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 9 - Partit
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFrom a regulatory
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEB) Particulate ma
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE• During the wi
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 17 - Total
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEair quality in th
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEfaculty of MSU, I
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPE2007; Andersson e
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPETable 3b - Past a
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEexpectancy in NRW
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEtime range of sev
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 25 - Inhab
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEPiemonte (Turin):
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEFigure 31 - Numbe
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEAs for the develo
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEsub-tropical fron
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEpollutants around
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEaddition to local
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEprecipitation sam
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEstrict legislatio
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPECaserini, S., Fra
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPEHodzic A., C. H.,
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPELondon, T. f. Cle
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CHAPTER 6 - EUROPETebaldi, G., Angi
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CHAPTER 7 - OVERVIEW OF INTERNATION
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7.9 PRIDE-PRDCHAPTER 7 - OVERVIEW O
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKa
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKi
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKa
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKT
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKs
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKr
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CHAPTER 8 - KEY ISSUES AND OUTLOOKM
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LIST OF RECENT GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE WA
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141. Report of the LAP/COST/WMO Int
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185. Guidelines for the Measurement
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GAW Report No. 205 - IGAC Project

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