-94-TABLE 20 Aluminum Bulk Carrier - Equipmentand Outfit Weight EstimateItemWeight Weight WeightSteel Weight Alum● DHf.(Long Tons) Coefficient (LJriETons) (lon~ Tons)hplanationWeightdCoefficientHatch Covers 23S .% 130 -105Woodwork 20 20Joiner Work 8S 85Deck Cover- 80 Add 31 Tons 111 + 31Insulation 20 Add 93 Tons 113 + 93Painting 60 .30 -42Hull Attachments+ 150;; -45II (jyxxl ::: 50 -Ventilation1!60(:: ; ;%1140 - -9Deck Machinery 100 1.01 101 + 1Piping 19060 - 62II (l;: ; :%) 68Misc. Equip. 130 .8o 104 - 26Elec. Plant 60 1.02 61 + 1Sire.to bhd. studyNo changeNo changeAdded fire projectionAdded fire protectionNo topside paintingChanged to alum.No changeChange to alum.No changeDissimilar metalsisolationChange to <strong>aluminum</strong>OptimizedmetalsEstimatedDissimilar metalsisolationTotal 1,190 1,027Overall Weight Ratio <strong>for</strong> Equipment and Outfit = 1,027/1,190 = 0.86SHIFT IN V.C.G. AND L.C.G.Item WT VCG Mv LC~ICGA MA‘F—Origll Wt. F&O 1790 X4 6~1156 — mo IG,560fki,~ch CoverReduction -105 55.0 +l;;; 28.o -2,940Dk Covlg Incr + 31 60.0 210.0 +6,51OInsulln lhcr + 93 38.0 3,534 210.0 +19,530fiintReduction -42 SO.O 2,100 150.0 - 6,3oOHull AttachReduction -45 :;.; -2,700 200 -9,000Vat Reduction - 9 -540 210 - 1,890Dk Machy hCr + 1 60:0 +60-Piping Reduction - 62 15.0 - 930 5; 3,100Mist Eq. Reduction - 26 60.0 -1,560 150 3,900Elec Plant Incr + 1 60.0 + 60 200 + 200Total - E&O 1,027 53.90 55,365 166.07 I70,550+ Assumed to include Masts, Sparsj Rudder~ etc.
.95_TABLE 21 Aluminum Bulk Carrier - Machinery Weight Estimate—ItemWeightWekhti Weipht I?eiPht Differ.S*.;I Coei Nui. ewe kplanationof(LonK‘la.. ) - (LongTons)- weightCocfficientMainkgine 372.8 372.8 0 No ChangeShaft& Fropcller 115.11 - 115.4 0 No changeAwilim”yM=mhinery 51.9 - 51.9 0 No ChanEeAuxiliaryBoiler 8.8 0.0 0 No ChmgaUptake,& Funnel 18.0 0.75 13.5 -lb.5 someAlum,UnedPiping,Valves ll~.o 0.95 109.3 -5.7 SomeNum. usedMachinery%aCtiEquip. 71.1 .6 h2.7 -28JI Alum. Gr.tinp, EL..RefrigcrathgIl=mL 11.0 11.0 0 NO ChanEeFireExtinguishing 1,6 5.0 8.0 +6.6 fldditional FireEquip.MarginandMizcellaiwous56.0 - 56.0 - No Ch~eTOTALMACIU3J?FY 752.h 720,2GwraLlWeightRatio<strong>for</strong>Machticry- 7?0/752 = 0.96Changes toVcrti.alMomentUptakes,Punmel -~.~x~O = -225Piping,Valv@S -5.7X1O = -57!k.chinery SpaceEqbipmcnt -26.4~ 26 v -738FireExtin~iBhing +6.6x 35 = +23Il’~dL -32.2 = -709STABILITY ~TRIMA check of stability and trim was made <strong>for</strong> the full load (36’-11-3/8”draft) and the ballast condition. In the fill Imad Homogeneous Cargo Condition,Table 22, stability of the <strong>aluminum</strong> ship was similar to the steelship. Although trim was reasonable in the departure condition, the shipwill trim further by the bow as fuel is consumed. This condition can becorrected by a slight change in underwater <strong>for</strong>m to move the L.C.B. <strong>for</strong>wardabout 1 .5 feet.In the Ballast Condition, Table 23, drafts, trim and stability areequal to the steel ship. It is noted, however, that the <strong>design</strong> ballastcapacity available in the steel CHALLENGER was marginal and is inadequate<strong>for</strong> the <strong>aluminum</strong> equivalent, where slammihg or propeller racing might beexpected even in relatively mild seas due to insufficient draft. To increasethe ballast capacity in an economical manner, No. 4 Hold was usedas a ballast tank. The increased ballast capacity permits the <strong>aluminum</strong>ship to equal or exceed the ballast drafts of the steel ship. Bendingmoments <strong>for</strong> the ship with ballast in No. b Hold were checked and found tobe acceptable.From Table 17, it is noted that the V.C.G. of the light ship <strong>for</strong> the<strong>aluminum</strong> bulk carrier is over a foot higher than that of the steel ship.This results from the weight savings in the <strong>hull</strong> being of a lower centerof gravity than that of the ship as a whole. This has a negligible effecton stability in the loaded or “ballastconditions, due to the relativelysmall ratio of light ship to displacement, and the low center of gravity ofthe added cargo or ballast. However, this higher light ship V.C.G. couldbe s problem in ships where the ratio of light ship to displacement is higher,such as cargo “andnaval ships.
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CONTENTSI.. II.III.Iv.v.VI ●VII.I
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LIST OF FIGURES(Cent’d)FIGURE NO.
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I. INTRODUCTIONThis report summariz
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art in fabricating and maintaining
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MONTEROSSO GRANA /17VALGRANA / CARA
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-8-Numerous references have been re
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.10.TABLE 2. Mechanical Properties
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TABLE 2 Mechanical Properties of Al
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TABLE 3 Mechanical Property Limits
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-16-l?igures5, 6, 7 ati 8 present f
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-18-ti-’”’-”-””””-L
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-20-60 .r---.— ..,.— -——,L-
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.22-each stress level, rate of load
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-24-!Z456-H321 = 0.485083-H321 = 0.
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-26-(c)Members with partial or cont
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-28-AllOyS 5083 and 54.56(~ content
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-30-The previous paragraphs have de
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-32-The problem of cargo hold abras
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-34-The question of residual stress
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.36-Each alloy was given a relative
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-38-GENERAL OBSERVATIONSFYior to a
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-40-The question of comparative imp
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-42-(d)(e)Poor quality welds due to
- Page 54 and 55: -44-The ABS criteria noted above we
- Page 56 and 57: -46-DNV would consider fatigue in e
- Page 58 and 59: -48-is less, for the exposed side s
- Page 60 and 61: Equation (2):-50-Hu1l SMa~um = Hull
- Page 62 and 63: -52-Another aspect of vibrations wh
- Page 64 and 65: -54-000000000Bottom Shell PlateSide
- Page 66 and 67: -56-at the deck and keel. This stre
- Page 68 and 69: -58-AT is the change inUT= Thermal
- Page 70 and 71: -60-SUl@!ARYAll parties contacted f
- Page 72 and 73: -62-(c)(d)(e)(f)T~e exterior side o
- Page 74 and 75: TABLE 12 Aluminum Bulk Carrier - Su
- Page 76 and 77: .66-INSUT.ATION AND SHEATHINGShell8
- Page 78 and 79: -68-(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j)At l
- Page 80 and 81: -70-IIF.INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS AND
- Page 82 and 83: Rudder Assembly -carrier should be
- Page 84 and 85: -74-(b)MechanicalTensile Strength 6
- Page 86 and 87: -76-(e)The steel piping must be of
- Page 88 and 89: -78-Other Piping Systems and Valves
- Page 90 and 91: -80-struetion for the aluminum hull
- Page 92 and 93: -82-Large heavy type machine~ must
- Page 94 and 95: suffers attack in an alkaline envir
- Page 96 and 97: -86-REPAIRSObtaining proper repairs
- Page 98 and 99: -88-The design of the midship s~cti
- Page 100 and 101: -90-assuming the increase is applic
- Page 102 and 103: LIGHT SHIP WEIGHT ESTIMATE-92-In or
- Page 106 and 107: TABLE 22 Trim and StabilityFull Loa
- Page 108 and 109: -98-TABLE 24 Price of Steel Bulk Ca
- Page 110 and 111: GaseNumber. . . -.,- .TABLE 27 Comp
- Page 112 and 113: -1o2-TABLE 28CarriersComparison of
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- Page 116 and 117: -106-such as iron ore, on two of th
- Page 118 and 119: -108-7)is,zg~ gg~5e mzz~E’4E!~K2j
- Page 120 and 121: -11o-(a)(b)(c)(d)Inerting system fo
- Page 122 and 123: -112-fatigue, particularly in the p
- Page 124 and 125: -114-2k* Installation of Systems an
- Page 126 and 127: -116-LIST OF REFERENCES(7)Fatigue P
- Page 128 and 129: -11.8-LLST OF REFERENCES(Cent’d)(
- Page 130 and 131: -120-ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMAT
- Page 132 and 133: -122-redistribution of the still wa
- Page 134 and 135: -124-APPENDIX BEXCERPTS FROMRULES A
- Page 136 and 137: -126-92.07-10(d)(~) Interior stairs
- Page 138 and 139: -128-~gE1+0102030- .. ..—405060
- Page 140 and 141: ectintyclassification4KEYWORDSROLEL
- Page 142: SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE PUBLICATIO