Facts & Figures Book - KPI-JCI

DEFINITIONS AND TERMS (Continued)Micron—A unit of length; one thousandth of a millimeter.Mineral Dust or Filler—Very finely divided mineral product,great bulk of which will pass No. 200 sieve. Pulverized limestoneis most commonly manufactured filler; other stone dust,silica, hydrated lime and certain natural deposits of finelydivided mineral matter are also used.Muck—Moist or wet decaying vegetable matter or peat.Natural Cement—Product obtained by finely pulverizingcalcined argillaceous limestone, to which not to exceed 5 percentof nondeleterious materials may be added subsequentto calcination. Temperature of calcination shall be no higherthan necessary to drive off carbonic acid gas.Ore—Any material containing valuable metallic matter whichis mined or worked.Outcropping—A stratum of rock or other material whichbreaks surface of ground.Overburden—Soil mantle, waste, or similar matter founddirectly above deposit of rock or sand-gravel.Paving Aggregate—Vary greatly as to grade, quality, type,and composition; general types suitable for bituminous constructioncan be classified as: Crushed Stone, Gravel, Sand,Slag, Shell, Mineral Dust.Pebbles—Rock fragments of small or moderate size whichhave been more or less rounded by erosional processes.Pitrun—Natural gravel deposits; may contain some sand,clay or silt.Portland Cement—Product obtained by pulverizing clinkerconsisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates to whichno additions have been made subsequent to calcination otherthan water or untreated calcium sulfate, except that additionsnot to exceed 1 percent of other materials may be intergroundwith clinker at option of manufacturer, provided such materialshave been shown to be not harmful.Riprap—Riprap as used for facing dams, canals, and waterwaysis normally a coarse, grade material. Typical generalspecifications would call for a minimum 160 lb./ft 3 (2563 kg/m 3 )stone, free of cracks and seams with no sand, clay, dirt, etc.244