Human and Ecological Risk Assessment - Earthjustice

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Section 5.0ReferencesU.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2003b. Risk Assessment Technical BackgroundDocument for the Dye and Pigment Industry Hazardous Waste Listing Determination.OMB Review Draft. Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2003c. EPACMTP Technical BackgroundDocument. Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC. April. Available athttp://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/industrial/tools/cmtp/index.htm.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2003d. Addendum to the EPACMTP TechnicalBackground Document. Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC. Available as documentID number EPA-HQ-RCRA-2003-0001-0166 at http://www.regulations.gov.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2003e. Final Revised Report on Resolution of 18Previously Indeterminate Candidate Damage Cases. Prepared by SAIC for U.S. EPAOffice of Solid Waste under EPA contract 68-W-02-036, WA No. 1-12. Washington,DC. March 5. Available as document ID number EPA-HQ-RCRA-2003-0003-0420 athttp://www.regulations.gov.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2003f. Peer Review Of Changes To EPA'sMINTEQA2 Model. Prepared by Industrial Economics for the Office of Solid Waste,Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. Guidelines for Carcinogen RiskAssessment. EPA/630/P-03/001B. Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Washington, DC. March. Available at http://nepis.epa.gov/EPA/html/Pubs/pubtitleORD.htm.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006a. Provisional Peer Reviewed ToxicityValues for Aluminum (CASRN 7429-90-5). 10-23-2006. National Center forEnvironmental Assessment. Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006b. Provisional Peer Reviewed ToxicityValues for Iron and Compounds (CASRN 7439-89-6). Derivation of Subchronic andChronic Oral RfDs. 9-11-2006. National Center for Environmental Assessment.Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006c. Characterization of Mercury-EnrichedCoal Combustion Residues from Electric Utilities Using Enhanced Sorbents for MercuryControl. EPA 600/R-06/008. Office of Research and Development. Research TrianglePark, NC. January. Available at http://nepis.epa.gov/EPA/html/Pubs/pubtitleORD.htm.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006d. Guide for Industrial Waste Management.Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC. Available at http://www.epa.gov/waste/nonhaz/industrial/guide/index.htm.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. Coal Combustion Waste Damage CaseAssessments. Available from the docket to the Notice of Data Availability on theApril 2010–Draft EPA document. 5-7
Section 5.0ReferencesDisposal of Coal Combustion Wastes in Landfills and Surface Impoundments, Docket #EPA-HQ-RCRA-2006-0796. June 19.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2008a. Provisional Peer Reviewed ToxicityValues for Cobalt (CASRN 7440-48-4). 8-25-2008. National Center for EnvironmentalAssessment. Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2008b. Child-Specific Exposure FactorsHandbook. EPA/600/R-06-096F. National Center for Environmental Assessment,Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2008c. Characterization of Coal CombustionResidues from Electric Utilities Using Wet Scrubbers for Multi-Pollutant Control.EPA/600/R-08/077. Office of Research and Development, Air Pollution ControlDivision. Research Triangle Park, NC. July. Available athttp://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/600r08077/600r08077.pdf.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2009a. Integrated Risk Information System(IRIS). National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research andDevelopment, Washington, DC. Available at http://www.epa.gov/iris/.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2009b. Sensitivity Analysis for the CoalCombustion Waste Risk Assessment. Draft Technical Report. Prepared by RTIInternational for U.S. EPA, Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2009c. Inhalation of Fugitive Dust: A ScreeningAssessment of the Risks Posed by Coal Combustion Waste Landfills. Prepared by Officeof Solid Waste, Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2009d. Responses to Review Comments onHuman and Ecological Risk Assessment for Coal Combustion Wastes. Prepared by RTIInternational for U.S. EPA, Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2010. Regulatory Impact Analysis For EPA’sProposed Regulation of Coal Combustion Wastes Generated by the Electric UtilityIndustry. Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, Washington, DC. April.Zilmer, M., and P. Fauble. 2004. Groundwater impacts from coal combustion ash disposal sitesin Wisconsin. In: Proceedings of State Regulation of Coal Combustion By-ProductPlacement at Mine Sites. May 4–6, 2004, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. U.S. Department ofInterior, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, IL. Available at http://www.mcrcc.osmre.gov/MCR/Resources/ccb/PDF/State_Regulation_of_CCB_Placement.pdf.April 2010–Draft EPA document. 5-8
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This draft document has been prepar
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CCWTable of ContentsTable of Conten
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CCWTable of ContentsList of Figures
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CCWTable of Contents4-22. Summary o
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CCWList of AcronymsAcronymDefinitio
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CCWList of AcronymsApril 2010-Draft
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Executive SummaryHuman and Ecologic
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Section 1.0Introduction1.0 Introduc
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Section 1.0Introduction1.3.2 Exposu
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Section 1.0IntroductionThis methodo
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Section 1.0Introduction1.4 Document
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationdata
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationTable
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationsmall
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationFigur
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationonsit
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Section 2.0Problem Formulation2.3 S
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationand C
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationof dr
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Section 3.0Analysisscale analysis.
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Section 3.0Analysis• The RfD is a
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Section 3.0Analysis3.1.2 Ecological
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Section 3.0AnalysisEcological Risk
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Section 3.0Analysisfor the screenin
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-5. Scree
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Section 3.0Analysisapproximately 30
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Section 3.0Analysisthose input file
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Section 3.0AnalysisCCW Waste TypesC
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Section 3.0Analysis• An in-depth
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Section 3.0Analysisused to determin
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Section 3.0Analysisconsolidation. A
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Section 3.0Analysis3.4.4 Model Outp
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Section 3.0Analysisclogged region o
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Section 3.0Analysissurface impoundm
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Section 3.0Analysisobtained from a
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Section 3.0AnalysisIn the saturated
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Section 3.0Analysis• The receptor
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Section 3.0Analysissediment and por
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-11. Alum
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Section 3.0Analysischild was aged f
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Section 3.0Analysisa per kilogram b
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Section 3.0AnalysisNoncancer risk w
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.0
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationNot
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization90t
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationbas
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.1
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Page 157 and 158: Section 5.0ReferencesFinkelman, R.B
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Page 161: Section 5.0Referenceshttp://www.epa
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Table A-3-
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Cr IIIHgAg
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Appendix A Attachment A-3NO3CNCd, C
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsWas
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Appendix BWaste Management Units•
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Appendix BWaste Management Units(e.
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Log(capacity, cubic yards)Log(area,
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsB.7
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-2: CCW WMU D
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Appendix CSite DataWMU and the wate
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-1. Exam
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Appendix CSite Dataeach site, eithe
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Appendix CSite DataBecause EPACMTP
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Appendix CSite DataHydrogeologic Se
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-2. EPAC
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Appendix CSite DataEPACMTP Climate
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Appendix CSite DataRF1 Reach Types
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Appendix CSite DataTable C-9. Regio
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Appendix CSite DataHydrologicRegion
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Appendix CSite DataClawges, R.M., a
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Appendix CAttachment C-1: Soil Data
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Appendix CAttachment C-2: Hydrogeol
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Appendix CAttachment C-3: Climate C
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Appendix CAttachment C-4: Waterbody
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Appendix DMINTEQA2 Nonlinear Sorpti
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Appendix EEquationsIf Cwctot > Csol
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Appendix EAttachment E-1: Surface W
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Appendix EAttachment E-2: Fish Conc
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Appendix EAttachment E-3: Intake Ra
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Appendix FHuman Exposure Factorswer
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Appendix FHuman Exposure FactorsBec
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Appendix FHuman Exposure FactorsF.1
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Appendix GHuman Health BenchmarksG.
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Appendix GHuman Health BenchmarksHu
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Appendix GHuman Health BenchmarksU.
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Appendix HEcological BenchmarksRisk
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Appendix HEcological BenchmarksH.1.
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Appendix HEcological BenchmarksCons
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Appendix HEcological BenchmarksU.S.
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Appendix ICalculation of Health-Bas
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Appendix JChemical-Specific Inputs
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Appendix JChemical-Specific Inputs
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Appendix KScreening Analysis Result
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Appendix LTime to Peak Concentratio
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