Human and Ecological Risk Assessment - Earthjustice

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Appendix GHuman Health BenchmarksFor several constituents, IRIS benchmarks for similar chemicals were used as surrogatedata. The rationale for these recommendations is as follows:• Fluoride was based on fluorine. The IRIS RfD for fluorine is based on soluble fluoride.The primary RfD cited in IRIS (6E-02 mg/kg-d) is for dental fluorosis, a cosmetic effect.In this analysis, an alternative IRIS value (1.2E-01 mg/kg-d) for skeletal fluorosis inadults was used instead.• Thallium was based on thallium chloride. IRIS contains RfDs for several thallium salts.The lowest value among the thallium salts (8E-05 mg/kg-d) is routinely used to representthallium in risk assessments.G.3 ReferencesATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2009. Minimal Risk Levels(MRLs) for Hazardous Substances. Available at http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html.CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1999a. Air Toxics Hot Spots ProgramRisk Assessment Guidelines: Part II. Technical Support Document for DescribingAvailable Cancer Potency Factors. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,Berkeley, CA. Available at http://www.oehha.org/air/cancer_guide/hsca2.html.CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1999b. Air Toxics Hot Spots ProgramRisk Assessment Guidelines: Part III. Technical Support Document for the Determinationof Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. SRP Draft. Office of EnvironmentalHealth Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA. Available (in two sections) athttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/ragsii.htmlhttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/RAGSp3draft.html.CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 2000. Air Toxics Hot Spots ProgramRisk Assessment Guidelines: Part III. Technical Support Document for the Determinationof Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. Office of Environmental HealthHazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA. Available (in four sections) athttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/22RELS2k.htmlhttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/42kChREL.htmlhttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/Jan2001ChREL.htmlhttp://www.oehha.org/air/chronic_rels/1201Crels.html.CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. Air Toxics Hot Spots ProgramRisk Assessment Guidelines. Technical Support Document for the Determination ofNoncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. Office of Environmental Health HazardAssessment, Berkeley, CA. Available athttp://www.oehha.org/air/hot_spots/2008/NoncancerTSD_final.pdf.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1997. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables(HEAST). EPA-540-R-97-036. FY 1997 Update. Office of Solid Waste and EmergencyResponse, Washington, DC.April 2010–Draft EPA document. G-5
Appendix GHuman Health BenchmarksU.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006a. Provisional Peer Reviewed ToxicityValues for Aluminum (CASRN 7429-90-5). 10-23-2006. National Center forEnvironmental Assessment. Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2006b. Provisional Peer Reviewed ToxicityValues for Iron and Compounds (CASRN 7439-89-6). Derivation of Subchronic andChronic Oral RfDs. 9-11-2006. National Center for Environmental Assessment.Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Valuesfor Cobalt (CASRN 7440-48-4). 8-25-2008. National Center for EnvironmentalAssessment. Superfund Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2009. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development,Washington, DC. Available at http://www.epa.gov/iris/.April 2010–Draft EPA document. G-6
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CCWTable of ContentsTable of Conten
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CCWTable of ContentsList of Figures
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CCWTable of Contents4-22. Summary o
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CCWList of AcronymsAcronymDefinitio
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CCWList of AcronymsApril 2010-Draft
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Executive SummaryHuman and Ecologic
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Section 1.0Introduction1.0 Introduc
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Section 1.0Introduction1.3.2 Exposu
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Section 1.0IntroductionThis methodo
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Section 1.0Introduction1.4 Document
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationdata
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationTable
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationsmall
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationFigur
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationonsit
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Section 2.0Problem Formulation2.3 S
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationand C
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationof dr
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Section 3.0Analysisscale analysis.
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Section 3.0Analysis• The RfD is a
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Section 3.0Analysis3.1.2 Ecological
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Section 3.0AnalysisEcological Risk
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Section 3.0Analysisfor the screenin
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-5. Scree
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Section 3.0Analysisapproximately 30
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Section 3.0Analysisthose input file
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Section 3.0AnalysisCCW Waste TypesC
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Section 3.0Analysis• An in-depth
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Section 3.0Analysisused to determin
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Section 3.0Analysisconsolidation. A
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Section 3.0Analysis3.4.4 Model Outp
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Section 3.0Analysisclogged region o
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Section 3.0Analysissurface impoundm
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Section 3.0Analysisobtained from a
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Section 3.0AnalysisIn the saturated
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Section 3.0Analysis• The receptor
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Section 3.0Analysissediment and por
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-11. Alum
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Section 3.0Analysischild was aged f
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Section 3.0Analysisa per kilogram b
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Section 3.0AnalysisNoncancer risk w
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.0
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationNot
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization90t
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.1
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationdis
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationana
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationmay
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationwas
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationEPA
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationEco
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization•
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization•
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Section 5.0ReferencesFinkelman, R.B
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Section 5.0ReferencesU.S. EPA (Envi
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Section 5.0Referenceshttp://www.epa
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Section 5.0ReferencesDisposal of Co
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Appendix AConstituent DataA.1 Data
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Appendix AConstituent DataA.2.1 Sel
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Appendix AConstituent Data2. Select
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Appendix AAttachment A-1: Sources o
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April 2010-Draft EPA document.[This
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Appendix AAttachment A-2: CCW Const
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Table A-3-
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Cr IIIHgAg
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Appendix A Attachment A-3NO3CNCd, C
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsWas
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Appendix BWaste Management Units•
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Appendix BWaste Management Units(e.
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Log(capacity, cubic yards)Log(area,
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsB.7
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-2: CCW WMU D
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Appendix CSite DataWMU and the wate
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-1. Exam
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Appendix CSite Dataeach site, eithe
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Appendix CSite DataBecause EPACMTP
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Appendix CSite DataHydrogeologic Se
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-2. EPAC
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Appendix CSite DataEPACMTP Climate
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Appendix CSite DataRF1 Reach Types
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Appendix CSite DataTable C-9. Regio
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Appendix CSite DataHydrologicRegion
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Appendix CSite DataClawges, R.M., a
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Appendix CAttachment C-1: Soil Data
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Appendix CAttachment C-4: Waterbody
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Appendix CAttachment C-4: Waterbody
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Page 381 and 382: Appendix ICalculation of Health-Bas
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Page 389 and 390: Appendix JChemical-Specific Inputs
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Page 393 and 394: Appendix KScreening Analysis Result
Page 399 and 400: Appendix LTime to Peak Concentratio
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