Human and Ecological Risk Assessment - Earthjustice

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Appendix HEcological BenchmarksStep 3: Calculate BenchmarksThe following equation provided the basis for calculating surface water benchmarksusing a population-inference benchmark (e.g., endpoint on fecundity).Benchmark I fish BAF Cw Iw Cwbw(H-2)whereI fish = intake of contaminated fish (kg/d)BAF = whole-body bioaccumulation factor (L/kg)bw = weight of the representative species (kg)I w = intake of contaminated water (L/d)C w = total concentration in the water (mg/L).For chemicals that bioaccumulate significantly in fish tissue, the ingestion ofcontaminated food tends to dominate the exposure (i.e., [I fish × C fish ] >> [I w C w ]), and the waterterm (i.e., [I w × C w ]) can be dropped from Equation H-2, resulting in Equation H-3:BenchmarkIfish BAF Cw (H-3)bwAt the benchmark dose (mg/kg/d), the concentration in water is equivalent to the chemicalstressor concentration limit for that receptor as a function of body weight, ingestion rate, and thebioaccumulation potential for the chemical of concern. Hence, Equation H-3 can be rewritten tosolve for the surface water (CSCL sw ) as follows:CSCLswbenchmark bw (H-4)I I BAFwfishH.2 Ecological BenchmarksThe ecological benchmarks used to calculate ecological HQs in the CCW risk assessmentare summarized in Table H-3, which provides the constituent name; the criterion and receptorfor sediment and aquatic receptors; and the source for each benchmark.April 2010–Draft EPA document. H-5
Appendix HEcological BenchmarksConstituentTable H-3. Ecological Benchmarks Used in the CCW Risk AssessmentSedimentCriterion(mg/kg)SedimentReceptorAquaticCriterion(mg/L)AquaticReceptorSourceAluminum ID -- 0.09 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Antimony 2 Sediment biota 0.03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Arsenic total 0.51 Spotted sandpiper ID -- U.S. EPA (1998)Arsenic III ID -- 0.15 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Arsenic IV ID -- 8.10E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Barium 190 Spotted sandpiper 4.00E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Beryllium ID -- 6.60E-04 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Boron ID -- 1.60E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Cadmium 0.68 Sediment biota 2.50E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Chromiumtotal16.63 Spotted sandpiper ID -- U.S. EPA (1998)Chromium IV ID -- 0.09 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Chromium VI ID -- 0.01 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Cobalt ID -- 0.02 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Copper 18.7 Sediment biota 9.30E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Lead 0.22 Spotted sandpiper 3.00E-04 River Otter U.S. EPA (1998)Mercury 0.11 Spotted sandpiper 1.90E-07 Kingfisher U.S. EPA (1998)Molybdenum 34 Spotted sandpiper 0.37 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Nickel 15.9 Sediment biota 0.05 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)SeleniumtotalID -- 5.00E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Selenium IV ID -- 0.03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Selenium VI ID -- 9.50E-03 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Silver 0.73 Sediment biota 3.60E-04 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Thallium ID -- 0.01 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Vanadium 18 Spotted sandpiper 0.02 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)Zinc 120 Sediment biota 0.12 Aquatic Biota U.S. EPA (1998)ID = insufficient data.April 2010–Draft EPA document. H-6
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This draft document has been prepar
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CCWTable of ContentsTable of Conten
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CCWTable of ContentsList of Figures
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CCWTable of Contents4-22. Summary o
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CCWList of AcronymsAcronymDefinitio
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CCWList of AcronymsApril 2010-Draft
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Executive SummaryHuman and Ecologic
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Section 1.0Introduction1.0 Introduc
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Section 1.0Introduction1.3.2 Exposu
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Section 1.0IntroductionThis methodo
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Section 1.0Introduction1.4 Document
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationdata
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationTable
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationsmall
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Section 2.0Problem FormulationFigur
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationonsit
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Section 2.0Problem Formulation2.3 S
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationand C
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Section 2.0Problem Formulationof dr
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Section 3.0Analysisscale analysis.
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Section 3.0Analysis• The RfD is a
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Section 3.0Analysis3.1.2 Ecological
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Section 3.0AnalysisEcological Risk
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Section 3.0Analysisfor the screenin
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-5. Scree
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Section 3.0Analysisapproximately 30
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Section 3.0Analysisthose input file
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Section 3.0AnalysisCCW Waste TypesC
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Section 3.0Analysis• An in-depth
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Section 3.0Analysisused to determin
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Section 3.0Analysisconsolidation. A
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Section 3.0Analysis3.4.4 Model Outp
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Section 3.0Analysisclogged region o
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Section 3.0Analysissurface impoundm
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Section 3.0Analysisobtained from a
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Section 3.0AnalysisIn the saturated
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Section 3.0Analysis• The receptor
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Section 3.0Analysissediment and por
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Section 3.0AnalysisTable 3-11. Alum
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Section 3.0Analysischild was aged f
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Section 3.0Analysisa per kilogram b
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Section 3.0AnalysisNoncancer risk w
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.0
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationNot
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization90t
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization4.1
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationund
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationTab
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationdis
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationmay
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationwas
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Section 4.0Risk Characterizationche
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationMer
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationWat
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationEPA
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Section 4.0Risk CharacterizationEco
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization•
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Section 4.0Risk Characterization•
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Section 5.0ReferencesFinkelman, R.B
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Section 5.0ReferencesU.S. EPA (Envi
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Section 5.0Referenceshttp://www.epa
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Section 5.0ReferencesDisposal of Co
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Appendix AConstituent DataA.1 Data
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Appendix AConstituent DataA.2.1 Sel
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Appendix AConstituent Data2. Select
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Appendix AAttachment A-1: Sources o
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April 2010-Draft EPA document.[This
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Appendix AAttachment A-2: CCW Const
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Table A-3-
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Appendix A Attachment A-3Cr IIIHgAg
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Appendix A Attachment A-3NO3CNCd, C
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsWas
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Appendix BWaste Management Units•
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Appendix BWaste Management Units(e.
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Log(capacity, cubic yards)Log(area,
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Appendix BWaste Management UnitsB.7
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-1: CCW Dispo
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Appendix BAttachment B-2: CCW WMU D
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Appendix CSite DataWMU and the wate
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-1. Exam
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Appendix CSite Dataeach site, eithe
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Appendix CSite DataBecause EPACMTP
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Appendix CSite DataHydrogeologic Se
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Appendix CSite DataFigure C-2. EPAC
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Appendix CSite DataEPACMTP Climate
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Appendix CSite DataRF1 Reach Types
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Appendix CSite DataTable C-9. Regio
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Appendix CSite DataHydrologicRegion
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Appendix CSite DataClawges, R.M., a
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Appendix CAttachment C-1: Soil Data
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Appendix CAttachment C-3: Climate C
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Appendix CAttachment C-4: Waterbody
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Appendix DMINTEQA2 Nonlinear Sorpti
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Page 389 and 390: Appendix JChemical-Specific Inputs
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Page 393 and 394: Appendix KScreening Analysis Result
Page 399 and 400: Appendix LTime to Peak Concentratio
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