Human and Ecological Risk Assessment - Earthjustice

Appendix HEcological BenchmarksH.3 ReferencesHopkins, W.A., and C.L. Rowe. 2004. Impacts of aquatic disposal of coal combustionby-products on vertebrates on the Savannah River Site. p. 141–147, In Proceedings ofState Regulation of Coal Combustion By-Product Placement at Mine Sites. May 4–6,2004, Harrisburg, PA. U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, IL.Hopkins, W.A., S.E. DuRant, B.P. Staub, C.L. Rowe, and B.P. Jackson. 2006. Reproduction,embryonic development, and maternal transfer of contaminants in the amphibianGastrophryne carolinensis. Environmental Health Perspectives 114(5):661-666.Power, T., K.L. Clark, A. Harfenist, and D.B. Peakall. 1989. A Review and Evaluation of theAmphibian Toxicological Literature. Technical Report Series No. 61. Canadian WildlifeService, Environment Canada, Hull, Quebec.Sample, B.E., D.M. Opresko, and G.W. Suter, II. 1996. Toxicological Benchmarks for Wildlife:1996 Revision. ES/ER/TM-86/R3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.Sample, B.E., J.J. Beauchamp, R.A. Efroymson, and G.W. Suter, II. 1998b. Development andValidation of Bioaccumulation Models for Small Mammals. ES/ER/TM-219. Oak RidgeNational Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.Sloof, W. 1992. Ecotoxicological Effect Assessment: Deriving Maximum TolerableConcentrations (MTC) from Single Species Toxicity Data. Guidance Document. ReportNo. 719102.018. National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection(RIVM), Hilversum, the Netherlands.Stephan, C.E., D.I. Mount, D.J. Hansen, J.H. Gentile, G.A. Chapman, and W.A. Brungs. 1985.Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Ambient Water Quality Criteria for theProtection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Use. NTIS PB85-220749. Office of Researchand Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Springfield, VA.Suter, G.W., and C.L. Tsao. 1996. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening PotentialContaminants of Concern for Effects on Aquatic Biota: 1996 Revision. U.S. Departmentof Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. June.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1993. Water Quality Guidance for the GreatLakes System and Correction. Proposed Rule. 58 FR 20802.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1995a. Great Lakes Water Quality InitiativeCriteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water. EPA-820-B-95-004. Office of Water, Washington, DC.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1995b. Great Lakes Water Quality InitiativeCriteria Documents for the Protection of Wildlife: DDT, Mercury, 2,3,78-TCDD, andPCBs. EPA-820-B-95-008. Office of Water, Washington, DC.April 2010–Draft EPA document. H-7