Combining submerged membrane technology with anaerobic and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

R col (m -1 )SRF (m·kg -1 )Membrane fouling in an AnMBR treating industrial wastewater at high total solids concentrations7E+166E+165E+164E+163E+160 500 1000 1500 2000Time (s)Figure 7.6. Evolution of SRF without PAC (•) and with 1.5 g·L -1 of PAC (•).8E+136E+134E+132E+1300 500 1000 1500Time (s)Figure 7.7. Resistance of colloidal fraction without PAC (•) and with 1.5 g·L -1 of PAC (•).In this work, a novel approach to filterability experiments is proposed. Dead-endfiltration studies of activated sludge (Sørensen and Sørensen, 1997) and studies ofmembrane bioreactor sludge have indicated that sludge is highly compressible (Bugge etal., 2012). Nevertheless, the MBR-cake-fouling models found in the literature often useconstant values for the specific resistance to filtration (Li and Wang, 2006), neglectingcompressibility. This assumption would cause significant errors in analyzing filtration data,especially at high solids concentration. Therefore, fouling layer compressibility should beconsidered in order to fully understand changes in filterability during operation.185
Chapter 7In this study it was observed that either resistance or specific resistance to filtration(SRF) were variable with time due to the compressibility of the cake formed over themembrane surface (figures 7.5, 7.6 and 7.7).7.4.3. Membrane performance and influence of PAC addition in the AnMBRLow membrane fluxes, between 1.1 and 2.5 L·m -2·h -1 were obtained during theoperation. Maximum critical flux measured was 3.6 L·m -2·h -1 . These fluxes were lower thantypical fluxes obtained in submerged AnMBR at temperatures above 30 ºC (Skouteris etal., 2012). Neverthtless, among them, only Jeison and van Lier (2006), Van Zyl et al.(2008) and Spagni et al. (2010) operated at high MLTS (above 40 g·L -1 ). In fact, the fluxesobtained by Spagni et al. (2010) at MLTS concentration of 53 g·L -1 were similar to thatobtained in this study (around 2 L·m -2·h -1 ). Jeison and van Lier (2006) studied the influenceof MLTS concentration on critical flux, reporting a decrease on this parameter from 21 to 5L·m -2·h -1 when MLTS increased from 25 to 50 g·L -1 . Regarding permeability, values around100 L·m -2·h -1·bar -1 were obtained which were similar than that obtained by Robles et al.(2013) operating an AnMBR at a MLTS concentration of 25 g·L -1 . Due to the lowpermeabilities observed, the membrane module was replaced by a new one on day 76.Nevertheless, permeabilities obtained with the new module were similar to that achievedbefore.The carbohydrate fraction of soluble microbial products (SMP C) has been widelyconsidered as the most important parameter regarding membrane fouling (Rosenberger etal., 2006; Drews, 2010). Nevertheless, recent studies have introduced a more generalapproach to the biopolymers responsible for membrane fouling such as BPC and TEP(Sun et al., 2008; de la Torre et al., 2008; Sánchez et al., 2013). In this study, theapplicability of these parameters as possible fouling indicators in an AnMBR treatingindustrial wastewater at high MLTS concentration was evaluated.The supernatant TOC of the mixed liquor was always significantly higher than theeffluent TOC, indicating significant retention of organic matter by the membrane filtrationand cake layers. The same phenomenon was observed in both submerged MBR andAnMBR (Wang and Li, 2008; Hu and Stuckey 2006; and Lin et al., 2009). Wang and Li(2008) suggested that a group of organic substance classified as BPC exerted a significantinfluence on filtration resistance, and measured them as the difference in TOCconcentration between the supernatant of the mixed liquor and the effluent. On the otherhand Lin et al. (2009) used COD instead TOC to determine BPC content. In this study,total and colloidal BPC concentration was monitored using TOC measurements. The186
Page 3:
UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTE
Page 6 and 7:
padres Macario y Marisa, les agrade
Page 8 and 9:
2.1.2. Nitrogen compounds 662.1.2.1
Page 10:
Chapter 4: Combining UASB and MBR f
Page 14 and 15:
Objetivos y resumenEsta tesis se en
Page 16 and 17:
Objetivos y resumenpermeabilidad de
Page 18 and 19:
Objetivos y resumenuno de los pará
Page 20 and 21:
Objetivos y resumenel sistema propu
Page 22:
Objetivos y resumenconcentraciones
Page 25 and 26:
Obxectivos e resumoauga tratada. O
Page 27 and 28:
Obxectivos e resumoNo Capítulo 3,
Page 29 and 30:
Obxectivos e resumog·L -1 , valore
Page 31 and 32:
Obxectivos e resumoparámetros clav
Page 34 and 35:
Objectives and summaryThis thesis i
Page 36 and 37:
Objectives and summaryOn the basis
Page 38 and 39:
Objectives and summaryfrom the MBR
Page 40 and 41:
Objectives and summaryconsidering t
Page 42 and 43:
Chapter 1IntroductionSummaryIn this
Page 44 and 45:
IntroductionThe combination of memb
Page 46 and 47:
IntroductionThe membranes should ha
Page 48 and 49:
Introductionof water. Energy saving
Page 50 and 51:
number of plants (cum. values)Intro
Page 52 and 53:
IntroductionSubmerged MBR system in
Page 54 and 55:
Introductionchanges of the foulant
Page 56 and 57:
Introductionof 2% NaOH and 0.5% cit
Page 58 and 59:
IntroductionFigure 1.8. Posible rel
Page 60 and 61:
IntroductionSide-stream MBRs involv
Page 62 and 63:
Introductionutilizes the advantages
Page 64 and 65:
Introductionmeans of settlers, of s
Page 66 and 67:
IntroductionUASB, achieving total n
Page 68 and 69:
IntroductionEvenblij, H., van der G
Page 70 and 71:
IntroductionMtinch, E.V., Ban, K.,
Page 72:
IntroductionYang, S., Yang, F., Fu,
Page 75 and 76:
Chapter 22.1. Liquid phaseIn this s
Page 77 and 78:
Chapter 2where:M fas: molarity of F
Page 79 and 80:
Acetic Acid (mg·L -1 )Chapter 2VFA
Page 81 and 82:
N-NO 2-(mg·L -1 )Chapter 22.1.2.2.
Page 83 and 84:
N-NO 3-(mg·L -1 )Chapter 2interfer
Page 85 and 86:
P-PO 43-(mg·L -1 )Chapter 2Interfe
Page 87 and 88:
Chapter 2alkalinity (IA), which is
Page 89 and 90:
Chapter 22.2.3. Sludge volumetric i
Page 91 and 92:
Chapter 2eq. 2.10eq. 2.11eq. 2.12Th
Page 93 and 94:
Carbohydrate (mg·L -1 )Chapter 2In
Page 95 and 96:
TEP (mgXG·L -1 )Chapter 22.4.4.4.
Page 97 and 98:
Chapter 2Ripley, L.E., Boyle, W.C.,
Page 99 and 100:
Chapter 33.1. IntroductionIn recent
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter 3same in both modules; tap
Page 103 and 104:
Chapter 3phases were varied (table
Page 105 and 106:
Chapter 3to time was higher than 10
Page 107 and 108:
COD removal (%)Chapter 3120100Perio
Page 109 and 110:
DTN and N-NH 4+ (mg·L-1 )DTN and N
Page 111 and 112:
Chapter 3operated with high MLTSS c
Page 113 and 114:
TMP (kPa)TMP (kPa)TMP (kPa)TMP (kPa
Page 115 and 116:
SMP carbohydrates (mg·L -1 )Chapte
Page 117 and 118:
Volume (%)Chapter 3Therefore, the c
Page 119 and 120:
Chapter 3identical to that of the c
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter 3Massé, A. Spérandio, M.,
Page 123 and 124:
Chapter 44.1. IntroductionThe appli
Page 125 and 126:
Chapter 4support were added in this
Page 127 and 128:
Chapter 4This cleaning was performe
Page 129 and 130:
COD (mg·L -1 )COD removal (%)OLR (
Page 131 and 132:
Chapter 4the recirculation ratio be
Page 133 and 134:
(mg·L -1 )Chapter 4and ammonium) n
Page 135 and 136:
Chapter 4recirculation from the MBR
Page 137 and 138:
Chapter 4days 57 (period I) and 316
Page 139 and 140:
Chapter 4excellent COD removal perf
Page 141 and 142:
Chapter 4Rosenberger, S., Evenblij,
Page 143 and 144:
Chapter 55.1. IntroductionAnaerobic
Page 145 and 146:
Chapter 55.3. Material and methods5
Page 147 and 148: Chapter 5represented an increment o
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 5operating with similar mem
Page 151 and 152: Chapter 5behaviour might be related
Page 153 and 154: Fouling Rate (Pa·min -1 )Fouling R
Page 155 and 156: Concentration (mg·L -1 )DOC (mg·L
Page 157 and 158: Chapter 5in table 5.3 showed that h
Page 159 and 160: Chapter 5Ho, J., Sung, S. 2010. Met
Page 162 and 163: Chapter 6Denitrification with disso
Page 164 and 165: Denitrification with dissolved meth
Page 174 and 175: (mg·L -1 )Denitrification with dis
Page 176 and 177: DTN effluent (mg·L -1 )CH 4 desorb
Page 186 and 187: Chapter 7Membrane fouling in an AnM
Page 188 and 189: Membrane fouling in an AnMBR treati
Page 194 and 195: OLR and ORR(kgCOD ·m -3·d -1 )pHO
Page 196 and 197: TEP removed (mg·L -1 )OA removed (
Page 200 and 201: BPC, cBPC and TEP concentration(mg
Page 202 and 203: Cake and Colloidal Resistance (m -1
Page 208: Membrane fouling in an AnMBR treati
Page 211 and 212: Conclusionessentido, el uso de una
Page 213 and 214: Conclusionesensuciamiento de la mem
Page 215 and 216: Conclusiónspresenza de soporte de
Page 217 and 218: Conclusións6. Aplicabilidade e per
Page 219 and 220: ConclusionsMoreover, biomass concen
Page 221 and 222: Conclusionstechnology and interesti
Page 223 and 224: List of symbolsHFHRTHyVABHollow Fib
Page 225 and 226: List of symbolsFR/J Normalized Foul
Page 227 and 228: List of publicationsBrand, C., Sán
Page 229: List of publicationsConference on E
show all

Combining submerged membrane technology with anaerobic and ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?