Combining submerged membrane technology with anaerobic and ...

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IntroductionUASB, achieving total nitrogen removal percentages up to 60% and removing up to 95% ofdissolved methane.In this sense, it is important to underline that the presence of dissolved methane,especially at low temperature, represents an important environmental problem in terms ofgreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of wastewaters treated using methanogenic bioreactors.For low strength wastewaters, dissolved methane might account up to 50% of theproduced methane. The dissolved methane is easily desorbed from the effluents,especially if these are either released in the environment or post-treated using aerobicbioreactors.All the examples mentioned before demonstrate that integration of anaerobicprocesses (in particular methanogenesis) with simultaneous nitrification and denitrificationis possible. Moreover, application of MBR, a very low COD concentration and the level ofnutrients in the effluent (e.g. in the case of water reuse in agriculture, nitrogen eliminationcould be not necessary) allows obtaining a high quality, re-usable effluent, which mightconduce to significant water savings.On the other hand, biogas rich with methane can be produced, depending on thewastewater treated. Relatively high membrane fluxes could be obtained, being higher thanthose applied in the case of AnMBR, and similar to aerobic MBRs.1.7. ReferencesAkram, A., Stuckey, D.C. 2008. Flux and performance improvement in a submerged anaerobicmembrane bioreactor (SAMBR) using powdered activated carbon (PAC). ProcessBiochemistry 43, 93-102.An, Y., Yang, F., Chua, H. C., Wong, F. S., Wu, B. 2008. The integration of methanogenesis withshortcut nitrification and denitrification in a combined UASB with MBR. BioresourceTechnology 99, 3714–3720.An, Y., Wang, Z., Wu, Z., Yang, D., Zhou, Q. 2009. Characterization of membrane foulants in ananaerobic non-woven fabric membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment,Chemical Engineering Journal 155, 709–715.Artiga, P., Oyanedel, V., Garrido, J.M., Méndez, R. 2005. An innovative biofilm-suspended biomasshybrid membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment, Desalination 179, 171-179.AWWA-Lyonaisse des eaux. 1998. Tratamiento del agua por procesos de membrana. Ed. McGraw-Hill, Madrid, Spain.Barker DJ, Stuckey DC. 1999. A review of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewatertreatment systems. Water Research 33, 3063–82.53
Chapter 1Brepols, C. 2011. Operating large scale membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment,1 st ed., IWA publishing, London.Buntner, D., Sánchez, A., Garrido, J.M. 2011. Three stages MBR (methanogenic, aerobic biofilmand membrane filtration) for the treatment of low-strength wastewaters. Water Science andTechnology 64(2), 397-402.Burbano, A. A.,. Adham, S. S., Pearce, W.R. 2007. The state of full-scale RO/NF desalination –Results from a worldwide survey. Journal AWWA 99(4), 116-127.Cho, B.D., Fane, A.G. 2002. Fouling transients in nominally sub-critical flux operation of amembrane bioreactor. Journal of Membrane Science 209, 391–403.Chang, I.-S., Lee, C.-H. 1998. Membrane filtration characteristics in membrane-coupled activatedsludge system -- the effect of physiological states of activated sludge on membrane fouling.Desalination 120, 221-233.Chang, I.-S., Le Clech, P., Jefferson, B., Judd, S. 2002 Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactorsfor wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Engineering 128, 1018–1029.Christensson, M., Welander, T. 2004. Treatment of municipal wastewater in a hybrid process usinga new suspended carrier with large surface area. Water Science and Technology, 49(11-12),207–214.Citulsky, J.A., Farahbakhsh, K., Kent, F.C. 2009. Effect of total suspended solids loading on shorttermfouling in the treatment of secondary effluent by an immersed ultrafiltration pilot system.Water Environmental Research 81(12), 2427-2436.Côté, P., Siverns, S., Monti, S. 2005. Comparison of Membrane-based Solutions for WaterReclamation and Desalination. Desalination 182, 51–257.de la Torre, T., Lesjean, B., Drews, A., Kraume, M. 2008. Monitoring of transparent exopolymerparticles (TEP) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and correlation with other fouling indicators.Water Science and Technology 58(10), 1903-1910.Drews, A., Vocks, M., Iversen, V., Lesjean, B. Kraume, M. 2005. Influence of unsteady membranebioreactor operation on eps formation and filtration resistance, Proceedings of InternationalCongress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM), Seoul, Korea.Drews, A. 2010. Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors—Characterisation, contradictions,cause and cures. Journal of Membrane Science 363, 1–28.Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., Smith F. 1956. Colorimetric method fordetermination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry 28, 350–356.European Patent 148427 B1. Hybrid Biological Membrane Reactor for the Treatment of Urban andIndustrial Waste Water. Inventors: Oyanedel V., Garrido J.M., Méndez R.. Propietor: Universityof Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Priority 1 February 2002.Evans, B., Laughton, P. (1994) Emerging trends in electrical usage at Canadian (Ontario) municipalwastewater treatment facilities and strategies for improving energy efficiency. Water Scienceand Technology 30(4), 17-23.54
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UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTE
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padres Macario y Marisa, les agrade
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2.1.2. Nitrogen compounds 662.1.2.1
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Chapter 4: Combining UASB and MBR f
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Objetivos y resumenEsta tesis se en
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Page 42 and 43: Chapter 1IntroductionSummaryIn this
Page 44 and 45: IntroductionThe combination of memb
Page 46 and 47: IntroductionThe membranes should ha
Page 48 and 49: Introductionof water. Energy saving
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Page 52 and 53: IntroductionSubmerged MBR system in
Page 54 and 55: Introductionchanges of the foulant
Page 56 and 57: Introductionof 2% NaOH and 0.5% cit
Page 58 and 59: IntroductionFigure 1.8. Posible rel
Page 60 and 61: IntroductionSide-stream MBRs involv
Page 62 and 63: Introductionutilizes the advantages
Page 64 and 65: Introductionmeans of settlers, of s
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Page 75 and 76: Chapter 22.1. Liquid phaseIn this s
Page 77 and 78: Chapter 2where:M fas: molarity of F
Page 79 and 80: Acetic Acid (mg·L -1 )Chapter 2VFA
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Page 89 and 90: Chapter 22.2.3. Sludge volumetric i
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Page 93 and 94: Carbohydrate (mg·L -1 )Chapter 2In
Page 95 and 96: TEP (mgXG·L -1 )Chapter 22.4.4.4.
Page 97 and 98: Chapter 2Ripley, L.E., Boyle, W.C.,
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 33.1. IntroductionIn recent
Page 101 and 102: Chapter 3same in both modules; tap
Page 103 and 104: Chapter 3phases were varied (table
Page 105 and 106: Chapter 3to time was higher than 10
Page 107 and 108: COD removal (%)Chapter 3120100Perio
Page 109 and 110: DTN and N-NH 4+ (mg·L-1 )DTN and N
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Volume (%)Chapter 3Therefore, the c
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Chapter 3identical to that of the c
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Chapter 3Massé, A. Spérandio, M.,
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Chapter 44.1. IntroductionThe appli
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Chapter 4support were added in this
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Chapter 4This cleaning was performe
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COD (mg·L -1 )COD removal (%)OLR (
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Chapter 4the recirculation ratio be
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(mg·L -1 )Chapter 4and ammonium) n
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Chapter 4recirculation from the MBR
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Chapter 4days 57 (period I) and 316
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Chapter 4excellent COD removal perf
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Chapter 4Rosenberger, S., Evenblij,
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Chapter 55.1. IntroductionAnaerobic
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Chapter 55.3. Material and methods5
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Chapter 5represented an increment o
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Chapter 5operating with similar mem
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Chapter 5behaviour might be related
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Fouling Rate (Pa·min -1 )Fouling R
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Concentration (mg·L -1 )DOC (mg·L
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Chapter 5in table 5.3 showed that h
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Chapter 5Ho, J., Sung, S. 2010. Met
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Chapter 6Denitrification with disso
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Denitrification with dissolved meth
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(mg·L -1 )Denitrification with dis
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DTN effluent (mg·L -1 )CH 4 desorb
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Chapter 7Membrane fouling in an AnM
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Membrane fouling in an AnMBR treati
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OLR and ORR(kgCOD ·m -3·d -1 )pHO
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TEP removed (mg·L -1 )OA removed (
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R col (m -1 )SRF (m·kg -1 )Membran
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BPC, cBPC and TEP concentration(mg
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Cake and Colloidal Resistance (m -1
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Conclusionessentido, el uso de una
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Conclusionesensuciamiento de la mem
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Conclusiónspresenza de soporte de
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Conclusións6. Aplicabilidade e per
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ConclusionsMoreover, biomass concen
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Conclusionstechnology and interesti
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List of symbolsHFHRTHyVABHollow Fib
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List of symbolsFR/J Normalized Foul
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List of publicationsBrand, C., Sán
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List of publicationsConference on E
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