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ISBN: 978-972-8939-25-0 © 2010 IADISthe domain. For example, a particular domain-specific G-IM 2 L language may define a state as beingidentifiable and expressing an emotion.State := ; Emotion = {appreciation, surprise, disappointment, sense of danger}Moreover, each G-IM 2 L language defines the possible actions – specific to the domain associated to theG-IM 2 L language.e). IS: The initial state is a particular state which follows the same definition as a generic state. Any entitydefined in a domain specific G-IM 2 L must have an initial state associated to it.f). C and S: The definition of a G-IM 2 L is given by an XML Schema, hence the context and the structurefor each entity is embedded within the tree structure of this schema. The entities described by the children ofa node represent the structure, S, of the entity described by the node. The context, C, of an entity isrepresented by the entities described by the nodes in the path from the root node of the tree to the noderepresenting the entity.The entities defined by a G-IM 2 L language provide means of defining abstractly web spaces tailored to aspecific domain and providing the end user – having a specific role – only with the tools required forperforming the specific domain related knowledge activities.2.3 Configuration LevelTailoring WISs to the end user and the platform in use requires the localization of the domain-specific webspace (associated to the system) to the culture of a certain end user, and to the platform s/he uses.Consequently, we define two mark-up languages – Localization Markup Language and Template Language –able to: i). enhance the abstraction model defined by IM 2 L ii). progressively shape an instance of the WISabstractly described by G-IM 2 L documents (and defined for a domain and a role within the domain) to aspecific end user by describing localization and materialization details about the instance.Localization Markup Language (LML)LML localizes a web space to a specific culture. The goal of LML is to describe the culture-relatedproperties of the domain-specific web space associated with an instance of a WIS. These properties are: colorrepresentation, shapes, text alignment, language, and topology (Wright, 1997). LML is a mark-up language,its elements being documents respecting the LML definition – given by a XML Schema (Barricelli, 2009b).Each targeted culture is associated with a LML document. Text alignment is a culture related property whichspecifies the order in which text is displayed for one particular entity or for the overall web space. Thepossible values for this property are: ‘left-to-right’ or ‘right-to-left’.Color representation is a culture-dependent property which is described in LML by functions associatingeach G-IM 2 L defined value for each property of a state to a color embedding the meaning of the property’svalue. For example, for a state transmitting an emotion, each possible emotion transmitted is associated to acolor which embeds the meaning of the specific emotion in a particular culture. Table 2 provides a mappingbetween the color associated to emotions for the Italian and the Japanese cultures.Table 1. Italian and Japanese color-emotion mappingEmotion Italian Japaneseappreciationsurprisedisappointmentsense of dangerThe instance of the system for the Italian culture will use yellow for representing the states expressingappreciation, while the instance for the Japanese culture will use green to represent the same states.Language is addressed in LML by a language dictionary repository which assigns to each G-IM 2 L definedentity the translation of the text associated with it in the language of the culture targeted. Topology specifiesthe order in which entities will be represented for a specific culture. The shapes property associates eachentity with a set of shapes that may be used for representing it for a specific culture.Template Language (TL)TL localizes a web space to a specific platform. TL provides means to describe the way each instance ofthe WIS will be materialized on the platform in use. TL describes the platform specific properties of the116