WWW/Internet - Portal do Software Público Brasileiro

IADIS International Conference WWW/Internet 2010ontology languages that are especially made to facilitate information integration, implicit knowledge retrievaland semantic interoperability. RDF is a specification for information – the resources. Resources can bedescribed by attributes and their values, and also with the help of links to other resources (Hesse 2005).Metadata is described in triples, similar to elementary sentences in the form subject, verb and object(Berners-Lee, Hendler et al. 2001). A triple contains , whereas the attribute links theobject (which is representing a resource) to the value. The latter are nodes, so that an RDF model forms asemantic network (Mizoguchi 2003).OWL is a language for creating ontologies with a formal representation. In principle, it is a semanticmarkup language. Terms and their relations can be formally described by OWL in such a way that theybecome machine understandable. Technically, this language builds upon the RDF syntax and also employsthe triple model, but it features more powerful possibilities for building expressions than RDF/S. User caninsert, update or query/retrieve data out of OWL ontologies enhanced by the support of semantic relations.2.3 From ADL to OWLThere are several benefits using OWL to represent ISO 13606 archetypes. While the consistency ofknowledge cannot be guaranteed by using an ADL-based archetype construction it can be granted by using anOWL-based representation. The problem is that the aforementioned archetype model itself has noinformation about the Reference Model because these models are separately used. Hence instances of theArchetype Model (archetypes) don’t refer to the Reference Model consistently and in a closed environment(Martinez-Costa, Menarguez-Tortosa et al. 2009). Another advantage of using OWL is the larger researchcommunity working on the development of OWL. While OWL 1.0 was produced in 2004, OWL 2.0 isalready available (W3C 2009).The authors of (Martinez-Costa, Menarguez-Tortosa et al. 2009) describe a promising way to transformADL into OWL without compromising the semantic interpretation of the Archetype Model. This mechanismof transforming ADL into OWL is also implemented in the LinkEHR (Maldonado, Moner et al. 2009) tool,which is a tool used for modelling ISO 13606 or openEHR archetypes in ADL.As the ISO 13606 clinical standard is based on the dual model-based architecture, the main purpose is tohave both, the Reference Model and the Archetype Model, represented in OWL. For example, the ArchetypeModel comprises concepts like archetype, archetype description or archetype term, whereas folder,composition or section are classes of the Reference Model. The results of (Fernandez-Breis, Vivancos-Vicente et al. 2006) can be summarized as two main ontologies:• EN13606-SP: representing the clinical data types and structures from the Reference Model.• EN13606-AR: representing the archetype model ontology and includes some Archetype Model classes.Furthermore it imports the EN13606-SP ontology.Because of the combination of these ontologies, they facilitate a more natural representation of thedomain concepts of archetypes than using ADL to formulate the same domain concept. Thus it is possible toaccess all information concerning the same clinical term (Martinez-Costa, Menarguez-Tortosa et al. 2009;Catalina Martinez-Costa 2010).3. RESULTSSection 0 describes the model behind the ontology driven approach. This approach can be seen asimplementation paradigm, how to use ontologies for implementing semantic web applications.The system section 0 uses this method to implement the translated 13606 EHR ontology.3.1 Ontology Driven Application ModelThe ODAM consists of 4 parts: the ontology model, the ontology (individuals), the application model and theapplication answer.335