ESSAY 17WE ARE ALL BLACK OREGONKayse JamaFounder/Executive Director Center for Intercultural Organizing<strong>Oregon</strong> is home to a growing numberof <strong>Black</strong> immigrant, refugee andasylum-seeking communities hailingfrom Africa, the Caribbean andSouth America. Because our populations aresubsumed under the category <strong>Black</strong>/AfricanAmerican by the U.S. Census Bureau andstate and local jurisdictions, official populationstatistics remain unavailable. The <strong>Oregon</strong>ianestimated Multnomah County’s populationof Africans alone at 18,000. Taking all <strong>Black</strong>foreign-born groups into considerationstatewide, the number is likely closer to 25,000,with the vast majority having arrived in the past15 years as refugees from East Africa. 1Somalis are the largest African population in<strong>Oregon</strong>, but there are significant numbers ofother East African groups, including Ethiopian,Eritrean, Kenyan, Tanzanian and Ugandan. Othercountries of origin include Angola, Mali, Liberia,Togo, Chad, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Sudan,Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republicof the Congo. In my work at the Center forIntercultural Organizing (CIO), I’ve encounteredAfrican <strong>Oregon</strong>ians from most of thesecountries. In addition to people from the Africandiaspora, <strong>Black</strong> immigrants and refugees includethose from Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Cubaand other Caribbean islands, as well as Afro-Brazilians and other <strong>Black</strong> South Americans.Although most foreign-born <strong>Black</strong> <strong>Oregon</strong>ianslive in the Tri-County Area, many are venturingout to rural areas in search of affordablehousing and jobs or have been placed in ruralareas by refugee agencies. Some families haverelocated to the small towns of Marion County,such as Woodburn, Mill City and Stanton—andagricultural work in Hermiston has lured anumber of Somalis.Like our American-born brothers and sisters,<strong>Black</strong> immigrants and refugees struggle withhigh unemployment rates, acute healthcaredisparities and poor access to living-wage jobs.In addition, the majority of foreign-born <strong>Black</strong><strong>Oregon</strong>ians face additional difficulties, includingcultural and language barriers.CULTURE SHOCK<strong>Oregon</strong>’s <strong>Black</strong> population is linguistically andculturally diverse, but in the eyes of many other<strong>Oregon</strong>ians, all <strong>Black</strong>s are the same group.The overt, covert and institutional racism that<strong>Black</strong> immigrants and refugees experienceimmediately on arrival is a shock to the systembecause for them, this is a new concept. Backhome, people may identify themselves by theircountry of origin—such as Kenyan or SouthAfrican—or even as a particular tribe or clan,but never before on the basis of color. Theirresistance to this newly assigned identityisolates them from the American-born <strong>Black</strong>swith whom they now have much in common.This is particularly clear within the educationsystem. Once foreign-born <strong>Black</strong> childrenarrive, they’re immediately assigned theidentity of African American and are treatedaccordingly. Like American-born <strong>Black</strong>s, theimmigrants and refugees find their kids falling160
ehind educationally and being expelled fromschool at a much greater rate than their Whitecounterparts. Their youth also linger in jails,exposed to the full brunt of our failed criminaljustice system. All this is discussed in Africanhomes, but not well understood.To quote a young Somali man, Omar SheyOmar, “When you are here, people do not careif you are African American or <strong>Black</strong> immigrant/refugee, they only see you as a <strong>Black</strong> person.As a youth I have seen Somalis being expelledor suspended from school. I have seen manyyoung men profiled by the police, and I haveseen many youth without jobs or prospectsof achieving economic mobility. They treat uslike African American youth, but when I goback home, I have to deal with the additionalstruggles that my parents face because theydo not speak English, nor do they understandhow to navigate their new country’s cultural andracial dynamics.”161
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STATE OFBLACKOREGON2015
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FOREWORDThe State of Black Oregon 2
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe gratefully acknow
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+ CONTENTSIntroduction 10SECTION 1:
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Chapter 5 92 GROWING A WORKFORCEEss
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INTRODUCTIONSTATE OF BLACK OREGON 2
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SECTION 1CHILDREN& YOUTHCHAPTER 1 1
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ACTION VISIONThe best way to streng
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FAMILY-BASED CARE AND SUPPORTAll fa
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CRITICAL SUPPORT FOR BLACK MOTHERSP
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interface with these stressed syste
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CASE STUDY 2AFRICAN & AFRICAN AMERI
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HOUSING AND EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATION
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POLICY ACTIONSThe best way to stren
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CHAPTER 2PROTECT & EDUCATEFor Black
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ESSAY 3THE POWER OF IMAGEKali Thorn
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ESSAY 4REBUILDING STRONG SUPPORTSFO
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REROUTING THE SCHOOL-TO-PRISON PIPE
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“We have a powerful potential in
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CASE STUDY 4TRAILBLAZING A PATHWAY
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graders, mostly from Lane County. A
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BLACK MALE ACHIEVEMENT IN MULTNOMAH
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POLICY ACTIONSEvery child should be
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CHAPTER 3PREPARE, SUPPORT & EMPLOYT
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ESSAY 6CREATING OPPORTUNITIES INSCH
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ESSAY 7PREPARING BLACK YOUTHFOR THE
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CASE STUDY 6MAKING EDUCATION AFFORD
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OREGON SNAPSHOT“DON’T FORGET AB
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De Marcus Preston, community non-vi
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“Where there isno vision, there i
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CHAPTER 4SECURITY AND WELL-BEINGEmp
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ESSAY 8AN ECONOMIC JUSTICEFOUNDATIO
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ESSAY 9HOLISTIC SOLUTIONS FORINCLUS
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BLACK IMMIGRANTS & REFUGEES,COMMUNI
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CASE STUDY 8BELINDA JILES IS CONNEC
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PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIESIn Oregon13
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point—you decide to acquiesce. Yo
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PERCENT OF POPULATION LIVING WITHIN
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data since the 1980s. The data are
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A coach in area high schools for si
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“We are caught in aninescapable n
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ACTION VISIONAs the Oregon private
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community-based and collaborative s
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Kimberlin ButlerPresident, Urban Le
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Building to offer real apprenticesh
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Labor Commissioner Brad Avakian say
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