Demographic

Looking at the age pattern, Table 14.3 shows that HIV prevalence is 5 percent among thepopulation age 2-4 and declines gradually to 3 percent in the 10-14 age group. The prevalence amongwomen age 15-19 is 10 percent compared with 2 percent among men in the same age. Prevalence risessharply with age among women age 15 years and older, peaking at 49 percent among those in the 25-29age group before falling to a level of 7 percent among those age 60 years and older. Among men age 15years and older, the HIV rate rises more gradually with age to a peak at age 35-39 (45 percent), beforedeclining to 13 percent among men age 60 years and older.Table 14.3 HIV prevalence among population age 2 years and older by ageAmong the de facto population age 2 years and older who were tested, the percentage HIV-1 positive,by age, Swaziland 2006-07AgePercentageHIVpositive 1Women Men TotalNumberPercentageHIVpositive 1NumberPercentageHIVpositive 1Number2-4 4.8 427 5.5 393 5.1 8205-9 3.6 670 4.8 697 4.2 1,36710-14 3.3 741 1.9 651 2.6 1,39215-19 10.1 1,151 1.9 1,272 5.8 2,42320-24 38.4 922 12.4 779 26.5 1,70125-29 49.2 648 27.8 553 39.3 1,20130-34 45.2 536 43.7 380 44.6 91635-39 37.7 441 44.9 321 40.8 76240-44 27.9 382 40.7 230 32.7 61245-49 21.4 342 27.9 229 24.0 57150-54 24.3 144 28.3 106 26.0 25055-59 9.6 102 17.4 70 12.7 17260+ 7.0 342 13.3 227 9.5 569Total 2+ 22.1 6,850 14.9 5,906 18.8 12,756Total 15-49 31.1 4,424 19.7 3,763 25.9 8,187Total 50+ 11.7 588 17.9 402 14.2 9901HIV positive refers only to those infected with HIV-1. For population age 12 and older, onlyindividuals who were interviewed and tested are considered in the calculation of the HIV rate.14.2.2 HIV Prevalence by Residence, Region, and WealthTable 14.4 indicates that generally urban residents have a significantly higher risk of HIVinfection than rural residents. Much of that greater risk can be attributed to the fact that prevalence amongthe population of reproductive age is substantially higher in urban areas compared with rural areas.Prevalence among urban women age 15-49 is 37 percent compared with 29 percent for rural women inthe same age group, translating to a 1.3 urban-rural risk ratio of HIV infection. For men age 15-49, therisk associated with urban residence is slightly greater than that observed among women. Twenty-sixpercent of urban men are HIV positive compared with 17 percent of rural men, representing an urbanruralrisk ratio of 1.5. Among older adults and children age 2-14, HIV prevalence is not significantlyhigher in urban than in rural areas.222 | HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors