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Table B.4 Sampling errors for rural sample, Swaziland 2006-07––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Number of casesStand- –––––––––––––––– RelaardUn- Weight- Design tive Confidence limitsValue error weighted ed effect error ––––––––––––––––Variable (R) (SE) (N) (WN) (DEFT) (SE/R) R-2SE R+2SE––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––WOMEN––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Urban residence 0.000 0.000 3443 3657 na na 0.000 0.000Literate 0.903 0.006 3443 3657 1.197 0.007 0.891 0.915No education 0.092 0.005 3443 3657 1.116 0.060 0.081 0.103Secondary education or higher 0.541 0.012 3443 3657 1.442 0.023 0.517 0.566Net attendance ratio for primary school 0.839 0.010 3535 3844 1.294 0.011 0.820 0.858Never married 0.499 0.009 3443 3657 1.033 0.018 0.481 0.516Currently married/in union 0.416 0.009 3443 3657 1.102 0.022 0.397 0.434Married before age 20 0.259 0.010 2470 2632 1.188 0.040 0.238 0.280Had sexual intercourse before age 18 0.525 0.012 2470 2632 1.187 0.023 0.501 0.549Currently pregnant 0.056 0.004 3443 3657 1.020 0.071 0.048 0.064Children ever born 2.430 0.047 3443 3657 1.048 0.019 2.336 2.524Children surviving 2.184 0.042 3443 3657 1.034 0.019 2.099 2.268Children ever born to women age 40-49 5.769 0.145 584 620 1.213 0.025 5.480 6.059Knows any contraceptive method 0.999 0.001 1453 1520 0.880 0.001 0.998 1.000Ever using contraceptive method 0.882 0.010 1453 1520 1.206 0.012 0.861 0.902Currently using any contraceptive method 0.480 0.014 1453 1520 1.045 0.029 0.452 0.507Currently using pill 0.096 0.008 1453 1520 0.985 0.079 0.081 0.111Currently using IUD 0.012 0.003 1453 1520 0.985 0.233 0.006 0.018Currently using female sterilization 0.049 0.007 1453 1520 1.185 0.137 0.035 0.062Currently using rhythm method 0.001 0.001 1453 1520 0.958 0.707 0.000 0.003Obtained method from public-sector source 0.532 0.019 1123 1195 1.277 0.036 0.494 0.570Want no more children 0.684 0.015 1453 1520 1.196 0.021 0.654 0.713Want to delay birth at least 2 years 0.150 0.010 1453 1520 1.050 0.066 0.130 0.169Ideal family size 2.608 0.034 3419 3630 1.285 0.013 2.540 2.676Perinatal mortality (0-4 years) 29.071 3.744 2118 2229 0.953 0.129 21.584 36.559Mothers received tetanus injection for last birth 0.660 0.014 1552 1638 1.133 0.021 0.632 0.687Mothers received medical assistance at delivery 0.703 0.013 2088 2199 1.153 0.019 0.677 0.730Had diarrhoea in two weeks before survey 0.146 0.010 1899 1996 1.175 0.068 0.126 0.166Treated with oral rehydration salts (ORS) 0.867 0.021 278 292 1.011 0.025 0.825 0.910Taken to a health provider 0.729 0.037 278 292 1.329 0.051 0.654 0.803Vaccination card seen 0.862 0.017 406 428 0.989 0.020 0.828 0.897Received BCG 0.973 0.009 406 428 1.120 0.009 0.955 0.991Received DPT (3 doses) 0.919 0.013 406 428 0.975 0.014 0.893 0.946Received polio (3 doses) 0.892 0.016 406 428 0.985 0.017 0.861 0.923Received measles 0.907 0.016 406 428 1.139 0.018 0.874 0.940Fully immunized 0.827 0.020 406 428 1.053 0.024 0.787 0.867Height-for-age (below -2SD) 0.300 0.011 2234 2457 1.094 0.038 0.278 0.323Weight-for-height (below -2SD) 0.023 0.003 2234 2457 0.979 0.139 0.017 0.030Weight-for-age (below -2SD) 0.056 0.004 2234 2457 0.862 0.076 0.048 0.065Anaemia in children 0.404 0.013 2079 2285 1.238 0.033 0.377 0.431Anaemia in women 0.286 0.009 3268 3467 1.099 0.030 0.269 0.304BMI
Table B.4—Continued––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Number of casesStand- –––––––––––––––– RelaardUn- Weight- Design tive Confidence limitsValue error weighted ed effect error ––––––––––––––––Variable (R) (SE) (N) (WN) (DEFT) (SE/R) R-2SE R+2SE––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––MEN––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Urban residence 0.000 0.000 2715 2975 na na 0.000 0.000Literate 0.883 0.007 2715 2975 1.199 0.008 0.868 0.897No education 0.082 0.006 2715 2975 1.089 0.070 0.070 0.093Secondary education or higher 0.515 0.014 2715 2975 1.477 0.027 0.487 0.544Never married 0.704 0.011 2715 2975 1.259 0.016 0.682 0.726Currently married/in union 0.245 0.011 2715 2975 1.283 0.043 0.224 0.266Married before age 20 0.066 0.006 1687 1859 1.070 0.098 0.053 0.079Had sexual intercourse before 18 0.314 0.013 1687 1859 1.166 0.042 0.288 0.340Children ever born 4.278 0.111 659 729 0.915 0.026 4.056 4.501Ever used any contraceptive method 0.835 0.017 659 729 1.186 0.021 0.801 0.869Knows any contraceptive method 1.000 0.000 659 729 na 0.000 1.000 1.000Want no more children 0.477 0.020 659 729 1.044 0.043 0.437 0.518Want to delay birth at least 2 years 0.252 0.020 659 729 1.187 0.080 0.212 0.293Ideal family size 3.267 0.047 2695 2954 1.185 0.014 3.173 3.362Use condom at last high-risk sex 0.651 0.019 880 978 1.178 0.029 0.613 0.689Condom use last higher-risk intercourse (youth) 0.671 0.025 464 513 1.155 0.038 0.621 0.721Abstinence among youth (never had intercourse) 0.603 0.014 1563 1703 1.098 0.023 0.575 0.630Sexually active past 12 months (never-married youth) 0.294 0.014 1563 1703 1.237 0.049 0.265 0.322Had injection past 12 months 0.219 0.010 2715 2975 1.222 0.044 0.199 0.238Accepting attitudes to people with HIV 0.465 0.012 2693 2951 1.275 0.026 0.440 0.489HIV test and result in past 12 months 0.074 0.006 2715 2975 1.202 0.082 0.062 0.086Multi partners in past 12 months 0.238 0.012 1449 1601 1.109 0.052 0.213 0.263Paid for sex past 12 months 0.001 0.001 2715 2975 1.021 0.706 0.000 0.002HIV prevalence (15-49) 0.174 0.010 2447 2693 1.275 0.056 0.154 0.193HIV prevalence (15-24) 0.055 0.007 1493 1638 1.169 0.125 0.041 0.069––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––WOMEN AND MEN––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––MEN HIV prevalence (15-49) 0.238 0.008 5710 5945 1.407 0.033 0.222 0.254HIV prevalence (15-24) 0.133 0.008 3087 3226 1.256 0.058 0.118 0.148–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––na = Not applicableAppendix B | 311
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12.1.3 Prompt Treatment of Fever in
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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Table 13.8.1 Multiple sexual partne
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Figure 16.1 Number of Decisions in
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PREFACEThis detailed report present
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of family
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laria is also seasonal, occurring m
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xxviii | Map of Swaziland
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Because of the anonymous nature of
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HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND HOUSING2CH
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given. Households in Swaziland are
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Table 2.3.2 Educational attainment
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Table 2.4 shows that for both boys
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The dropout rates are higher for bo
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2.4.2 Household Sanitation Faciliti
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Table 2.8—ContinuedHousingHouseho
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Table 2.10 Household possessionsPer
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Table 2.11 presents the percentage
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Table 3.1.1 Background characterist
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3.2 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT BY BACKG
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women 15-49Pe
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Table 3.3.4 Literacy: Older adults
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Table 3.4.2 Exposure to mass media:
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The pattern of exposure to mass med
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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Table 3.5.2 Employment status: Men
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3.6 OCCUPATIONRespondents who were
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Table 3.6.3 shows the percent distr
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Six in ten women and 72 percent of
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for women in the age group 30-34 (1
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Nonetheless, the results in Table 4
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4.6 BIRTH INTERVALSA birth interval
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Overall, 6 percent of women age 25-
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There are notable regional differen
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Table 5.1 Knowledge of contraceptiv
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62 | Family PlanningTable 5.3.1 Eve
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Table 5.3.2 Ever use of contracepti
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Figure 5.2 compares the modern cont
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9080706050403020100Figure 5.3 Contr
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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consistent, asking informants in th
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Table 5.13 Informed choiceAmong cur
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5.14 PREFERRED METHOD OF CONTRACEPT
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Table 5.17.2 Exposure to family pla
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Table 5.19 Husband/partner's knowle
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OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FER
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Table 6.2 Polygyny: Women and men a
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Table 6.4 Age at first marriage: Wo
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Eleven percent of women age 25-49 h
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The data for men show a different p
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Table 6.10.2 Recent sexual activity
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Women who gave birth three years pr
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7Dudu Dlamini
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Table 7.2.1 Desire to limit childbe
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Overall, unmet need does not vary i
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7.5 MEAN IDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN B
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The total wanted fertility rate and
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Tables C.4-C.6 in Appendix C can be
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Figure 8.2 Neonatal, Postneonatal,
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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common single high-risk category is
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Table 9.1 Antenatal care providerPe
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Table 9.3 Components of antenatal c
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While older women of higher parity
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Table 9.6 Assistance during deliver
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Table 9.7 Timing of first postnatal
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accessing health services. Other li
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10.2.1 Collection of DataThe 2006-0
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PercentFigure 10.1 Trend in Vaccina
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Table 10.4 presents the proportions
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Table 10.5 Prevalence of diarrhoeaP
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Antibiotics and other medications a
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10.5 KNOWLEDGE OF ORS PACKETSAs dis
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NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS 11
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Table 11.1—ContinuedBackgroundcha
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during the first three days after b
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SDHS by asking mothers about the fo
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Table 11.4 Median duration and freq
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The results in Table 11.5 document
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Figure 11.2 Percentage of Children
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years and above. Severe anaemia, wh
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Table 11.8.2—ContinuedBackgroundc
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Table 11.9 Micronutrient intake amo
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iodized salt. Manzini had the lowes
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directly related to household wealt
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The results in Table 11.12.2 indica
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11.12 MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE AMONG MO
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MALARIA AND OTHER HEALTH ISSUES 12A
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Tables 12.2 and 12.3 provide inform
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Table 12.4 provides information on
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12.1.4 Indoor Residual SprayingIndo
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Slightly less than two-thirds of me
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Table 12.9.2 Health insurance cover
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Table 12.10.2 Knowledge and attitud
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of HIV prevent
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Table 13.3.1 Comprehensive knowledg
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Table 13.4 shows that a relatively
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Table 13.5.2 Accepting attitudes to
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13.6 ATTITUDES TOWARDS CONDOM EDUCA
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Table 13.8.2 Multiple sexual partne
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Consistent use of condoms requires,
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Table 13.11.2 Coverage of prior HIV
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Table 13.13 Pregnant women counsell
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100Figure 13.1 Women and Men Seekin
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administered injections with a syri
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13.11.2 Knowledge of Condom Sources
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Table 13.20 Condom use at first sex
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Table 13.22.1 Higher-risk sexual in
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wealth quintile, especially among w
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13.11.9 HIV Testing and Counselling
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Table 14.1 Coverage of HIV testing
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Table 14.2 Coverage of HIV testing
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Looking at the age pattern, Table 1
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The HIV epidemic also exhibits some
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Table 14.6.1 HIV prevalence by demo
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As expected, men who sleep away fro
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Table 14.7.2 HIV prevalence by sexu
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Table 14.7.3 HIV prevalence by sexu
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The uptake of HIV testing in Swazil
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Table 14.11 HIV prevalence by backg
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14.6 HIV PREVALENCE AMONG COUPLESBo
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Of the 25,594 siblings reported in
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The results in Table 15.3 indicate
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“no” to this question were aske
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Older women and women with more chi
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Table 16.3 Women's control over the
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Figure 16.1 Number of Decisions in
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Differentials by region and wealth
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Table 16.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
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Page 279 and 280: Table 16.9 Current use of contracep
Page 281 and 282: Table 16.11 Reproductive health car
Page 283 and 284: ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 17A
Page 285 and 286: Table 17.2 Orphans and vulnerable c
Page 287 and 288: There is only a minor difference in
Page 289 and 290: Table 17.6 Underweight orphans and
Page 291 and 292: 17.8 WIDOWS DISPOSSESSED OFPROPERTY
Page 293 and 294: 17.10 EXTERNAL SUPPORT FOR ORPHANS
Page 295 and 296: 18.1 CAREGIVERTable 18.1 shows the
Page 297 and 298: Some parents or guardians take the
Page 299 and 300: Girls and boys age 12-14 were asked
Page 301 and 302: Figure 18.2 shows the percentage of
Page 303 and 304: Table 18.7 Exposure to information
Page 305 and 306: Table 18.9 Places for information a
Page 307 and 308: 18.7 KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS HELP LIN
Page 309 and 310: When asked if they had discussed th
Page 311 and 312: REFERENCESAuvert, B., D. Taljaard,
Page 313 and 314: SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAppendix ATabl
Page 315 and 316: Table A.3 Sample implementation: Gi
Page 317 and 318: Table A.5 Sample implementation: Wo
Page 319 and 320: ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORSAppendi
Page 321 and 322: Sampling errors are analyzed for tw
Page 323 and 324: Table B.1—Continued--------------
Page 327: Table B.3—Continued--------------
Page 339 and 340: DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
Page 341 and 342: Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
Page 343 and 344: EFFECT OF NONRESPONSE ON THESDHS HI
Page 345 and 346: PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2006-07SWAZ
Page 347 and 348: Mr. Musa DlaminiMr. Patrick Makhubu
Page 350 and 351: 2006 SWAZILAND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEAL
Page 352 and 353: LINENO.IF AGE 18-59YEARSIF AGE 0-17
Page 354 and 355: LINENO.IF AGE 5 YEARS OR OLDERIF AG
Page 356 and 357: NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
Page 362 and 363: 1ST SICK PERSON 2ND SICK PERSON 3RD
Page 364 and 365: NAME 1ST DEATH NAME 2ND DEATH NAME
Page 366 and 367: 405 RECORD NAMES, LINE NUMBERS AND
Page 368 and 369: CONSENT STATEMENT FOR ANAEMIA FOR C
Page 370 and 371: CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
Page 372 and 373: CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
Page 374 and 375: CONSENT STATEMENT FOR ANAEMIA TEST
Page 376 and 377: WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HAEMOGLOBIN MEASURE
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WOMAN 4 WOMAN 5 WOMAN 6524 LINE NUM
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We are asking children like you to
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HAEMOGLOBIN MEASURE
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MAN 1 MAN 2 MAN 3544 LINE NUMBER LI
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2006 SWAZILAND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEAL
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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211 Now I would like to record the
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION301 Now I w
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SECTION 4. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CAR
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO- SECOND-FROM-LAS
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SECTION 5. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH, AN
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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SECTION 6. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 9. HIV/AIDSNO. QUESTIONS AN
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SECTION 10. OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
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SECTION 12. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. Q
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INSTRUCTIONS:ONLY ONE CODE SHOULD A
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2006 SWAZILAND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEAL
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION301 Now I w
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONSTO BE FIL
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUNDI
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SECTION 2. CARE AND PROTECTIONNO. Q
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SECTION 4. KNOWLEDGE OF AIDSNO. QUE
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUNDI
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SECTION 4. HIV/AIDSNO. QUESTIONS AN
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SECTION 5. OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITT
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