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18.4 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ABOUT HIV/AIDSVirtually all children age 12-14 have heard of HIV/AIDS (97 percent) and there are no majorvariations in the knowledge by their background characteristics. Among children who have heard aboutHIV/AIDS, 84 percent believe it is possible to avoid or reduce the chances of getting AIDS and 82percent know that a healthy-looking person can have AIDS. This belief and knowledge are higher amonggirls than boys. For instance, 87 percent of girls and 80 percent of boys believe that there are ways toavoid or reduce the chances of getting AIDS. Knowledge of AIDS is higher among children who live inurban areas than in rural areas (87 percent and 83 percent, respectively), as indicated in Table 18.5.Table 18.5 Knowledge about HIV/AIDSPercentage of children age 12-14 who have heard about HIV/AIDS and, among those having heardof AIDS, percentage who believe it is possible to avoid or reduce the chances of getting AIDS andwho know that a healthy person can have AIDS, Swaziland 2006-07BackgroundcharacteristicHeardaboutAIDSNumber ofchildrenAmong children age 12-14 who haveheard about AIDS, percentage who:Believe it ispossible to Know a Number ofavoid or healthylookingchildrenreduce thewho havechances of person can heard aboutgetting AIDS have AIDS AIDSSexFemale 97.8 465 86.8 83.9 455Male 96.5 409 80.3 79.7 394ResidenceUrban 98.9 104 87.3 85.2 103Rural 97.0 769 83.3 81.5 746RegionHhohho 95.1 228 81.8 80.0 217Manzini 98.5 255 85.4 84.6 251Shiselweni 99.1 213 87.4 84.8 211Lubombo 95.9 178 79.2 77.1 171Living arrangementsLiving with both parents 95.8 151 81.8 78.4 145Living with father/not mother 98.5 71 79.8 80.0 70Living with mother/not father 97.7 295 87.7 83.9 288Not living with either parent 97.3 332 81.9 83.0 323Missing (94.9) 25 (84.2) (73.3) 24Orphanhood statusBoth parents alive 96.8 552 83.5 82.5 534Mother dead/father alive 100.0 73 90.4 76.9 73Father dead/mother alive 97.3 180 83.6 83.1 175Both parents dead 97.2 69 78.7 80.2 67OVC statusOrphan 1 97.9 322 84.1 81.1 315Vulnerable 2 (90.8) 32 (91.0) (86.5) 29Orphan and vulnerable * 14 * * 13Neither orphan nor vulnerable 97.2 533 83.3 82.6 518Total 97.2 874 83.7 82.0 850Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that an estimateis based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.1One or both parents dead2Have a very sick parent or live in a household where an adult has been very sick or died in the past 12monthsYouth | 281
Figure 18.2 shows the percentage of children age 12-14 who know about AIDS, and who mentionwithout prompting the various ways a person can avoid or reduce the chances of getting AIDS. Overall,64 percent of children mention abstaining from sex as a way of reducing the chances of getting AIDS, 47percent mention the use of condoms, and 19 percent mention avoiding blood transfusions. One in sixchildren (15 percent) say that the chances of contracting AIDS can be reduced or avoided by beingfaithful to one sexual partner. There are small differentials in the responses given by girls and boys.Figure 18.2 Knowledge of Various Modes to Avoid AIDS6364474630201015162217111516190AbstainfromsexUsecondoms70 Percent Male Female SDHS 2006-07605040Limit sexto one partner/stay faithfulto one parAvoidbloodtransfusionAvoidsharingrazors/bladesAnyotherwaysTable 18.6 presents the children’s knowledge about issues related to HIV/AIDS. Knowledge ofmale and female condoms is widespread among children age 12-14; 77 percent of these children indicatethat they have heard about male condoms and 43 percent have heard about female condoms. Boys aremore likely than girls to have heard of male condoms (85 percent compared with 71 percent). However,girls are more likely than boys to have heard of female condoms (48 percent compared with 37 percent).As observed in the previous findings, children in the urban areas are more likely than rural children tohave heard about male and female condoms. For male condoms, the proportion is 88 percent in urbanareas and 76 percent in rural areas.When asked whether boys and girls their age should be taught how to use condoms to avoidgetting AIDS, 37 percent of those who know about AIDS and condoms give a positive response. A largeproportion (62 percent) of children believe that children their age should be taught in school aboutdelaying sex until they get married to avoid getting AIDS.282 | Youth
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12.1.3 Prompt Treatment of Fever in
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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Table 13.8.1 Multiple sexual partne
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Figure 16.1 Number of Decisions in
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PREFACEThis detailed report present
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FAMILY PLANNINGKnowledge of family
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laria is also seasonal, occurring m
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xxviii | Map of Swaziland
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Because of the anonymous nature of
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HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND HOUSING2CH
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given. Households in Swaziland are
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Table 2.3.2 Educational attainment
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Table 2.4 shows that for both boys
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The dropout rates are higher for bo
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2.4.2 Household Sanitation Faciliti
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Table 2.8—ContinuedHousingHouseho
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Table 2.10 Household possessionsPer
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Table 2.11 presents the percentage
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Table 3.1.1 Background characterist
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3.2 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT BY BACKG
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women 15-49Pe
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Table 3.3.4 Literacy: Older adults
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Table 3.4.2 Exposure to mass media:
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The pattern of exposure to mass med
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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Table 3.5.2 Employment status: Men
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3.6 OCCUPATIONRespondents who were
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Table 3.6.3 shows the percent distr
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Six in ten women and 72 percent of
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for women in the age group 30-34 (1
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Nonetheless, the results in Table 4
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4.6 BIRTH INTERVALSA birth interval
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Overall, 6 percent of women age 25-
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There are notable regional differen
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Table 5.1 Knowledge of contraceptiv
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62 | Family PlanningTable 5.3.1 Eve
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Table 5.3.2 Ever use of contracepti
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Figure 5.2 compares the modern cont
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9080706050403020100Figure 5.3 Contr
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Table 5.7 Number of children at fir
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consistent, asking informants in th
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Table 5.13 Informed choiceAmong cur
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5.14 PREFERRED METHOD OF CONTRACEPT
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Table 5.17.2 Exposure to family pla
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Table 5.19 Husband/partner's knowle
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OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FER
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Table 6.2 Polygyny: Women and men a
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Table 6.4 Age at first marriage: Wo
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Eleven percent of women age 25-49 h
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The data for men show a different p
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Table 6.10.2 Recent sexual activity
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Women who gave birth three years pr
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7Dudu Dlamini
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Table 7.2.1 Desire to limit childbe
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Overall, unmet need does not vary i
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7.5 MEAN IDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN B
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The total wanted fertility rate and
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Tables C.4-C.6 in Appendix C can be
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Figure 8.2 Neonatal, Postneonatal,
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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common single high-risk category is
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Table 9.1 Antenatal care providerPe
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Table 9.3 Components of antenatal c
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While older women of higher parity
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Table 9.6 Assistance during deliver
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Table 9.7 Timing of first postnatal
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accessing health services. Other li
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10.2.1 Collection of DataThe 2006-0
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PercentFigure 10.1 Trend in Vaccina
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Table 10.4 presents the proportions
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Table 10.5 Prevalence of diarrhoeaP
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Antibiotics and other medications a
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10.5 KNOWLEDGE OF ORS PACKETSAs dis
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NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS 11
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Table 11.1—ContinuedBackgroundcha
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during the first three days after b
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SDHS by asking mothers about the fo
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Table 11.4 Median duration and freq
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The results in Table 11.5 document
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Figure 11.2 Percentage of Children
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years and above. Severe anaemia, wh
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Table 11.8.2—ContinuedBackgroundc
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Table 11.9 Micronutrient intake amo
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iodized salt. Manzini had the lowes
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directly related to household wealt
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The results in Table 11.12.2 indica
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11.12 MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE AMONG MO
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MALARIA AND OTHER HEALTH ISSUES 12A
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Tables 12.2 and 12.3 provide inform
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Table 12.4 provides information on
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12.1.4 Indoor Residual SprayingIndo
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Slightly less than two-thirds of me
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Table 12.9.2 Health insurance cover
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Table 12.10.2 Knowledge and attitud
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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Table 13.2 Knowledge of HIV prevent
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Table 13.3.1 Comprehensive knowledg
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Table 13.4 shows that a relatively
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Table 13.5.2 Accepting attitudes to
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13.6 ATTITUDES TOWARDS CONDOM EDUCA
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Table 13.8.2 Multiple sexual partne
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Consistent use of condoms requires,
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Table 13.11.2 Coverage of prior HIV
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Table 13.13 Pregnant women counsell
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100Figure 13.1 Women and Men Seekin
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administered injections with a syri
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13.11.2 Knowledge of Condom Sources
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Table 13.20 Condom use at first sex
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Table 13.22.1 Higher-risk sexual in
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wealth quintile, especially among w
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13.11.9 HIV Testing and Counselling
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Table 14.1 Coverage of HIV testing
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Table 14.2 Coverage of HIV testing
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Looking at the age pattern, Table 1
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The HIV epidemic also exhibits some
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Table 14.6.1 HIV prevalence by demo
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Page 251 and 252: Table 14.7.2 HIV prevalence by sexu
Page 253 and 254: Table 14.7.3 HIV prevalence by sexu
Page 255 and 256: The uptake of HIV testing in Swazil
Page 257 and 258: Table 14.11 HIV prevalence by backg
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Page 269 and 270: Table 16.3 Women's control over the
Page 271 and 272: Figure 16.1 Number of Decisions in
Page 273 and 274: Differentials by region and wealth
Page 275 and 276: Table 16.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
Page 277 and 278: There are small differences by back
Page 279 and 280: Table 16.9 Current use of contracep
Page 281 and 282: Table 16.11 Reproductive health car
Page 283 and 284: ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN 17A
Page 285 and 286: Table 17.2 Orphans and vulnerable c
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Page 289 and 290: Table 17.6 Underweight orphans and
Page 291 and 292: 17.8 WIDOWS DISPOSSESSED OFPROPERTY
Page 293 and 294: 17.10 EXTERNAL SUPPORT FOR ORPHANS
Page 295 and 296: 18.1 CAREGIVERTable 18.1 shows the
Page 297 and 298: Some parents or guardians take the
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Page 303 and 304: Table 18.7 Exposure to information
Page 305 and 306: Table 18.9 Places for information a
Page 307 and 308: 18.7 KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS HELP LIN
Page 309 and 310: When asked if they had discussed th
Page 311 and 312: REFERENCESAuvert, B., D. Taljaard,
Page 313 and 314: SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATIONAppendix ATabl
Page 315 and 316: Table A.3 Sample implementation: Gi
Page 317 and 318: Table A.5 Sample implementation: Wo
Page 319 and 320: ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORSAppendi
Page 321 and 322: Sampling errors are analyzed for tw
Page 323 and 324: Table B.1—Continued--------------
Page 339 and 340: DATA QUALITY TABLESAppendix CTable
Page 341 and 342: Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
Page 343 and 344: EFFECT OF NONRESPONSE ON THESDHS HI
Page 345 and 346: PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2006-07SWAZ
Page 347 and 348: Mr. Musa DlaminiMr. Patrick Makhubu
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2006 SWAZILAND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEAL
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LINENO.IF AGE 18-59YEARSIF AGE 0-17
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LINENO.IF AGE 5 YEARS OR OLDERIF AG
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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1ST SICK PERSON 2ND SICK PERSON 3RD
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NAME 1ST DEATH NAME 2ND DEATH NAME
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405 RECORD NAMES, LINE NUMBERS AND
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CONSENT STATEMENT FOR ANAEMIA FOR C
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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CHILD 4 CHILD 5 CHILD 6502 LINE NUM
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CONSENT STATEMENT FOR ANAEMIA TEST
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HAEMOGLOBIN MEASURE
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WOMAN 4 WOMAN 5 WOMAN 6524 LINE NUM
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We are asking children like you to
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HAEMOGLOBIN MEASURE
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MAN 1 MAN 2 MAN 3544 LINE NUMBER LI
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211 Now I would like to record the
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION301 Now I w
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SECTION 4. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CAR
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO- SECOND-FROM-LAS
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SECTION 5. IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH, AN
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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SECTION 6. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 9. HIV/AIDSNO. QUESTIONS AN
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SECTION 10. OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMIT
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SECTION 12. MATERNAL MORTALITYNO. Q
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INSTRUCTIONS:ONLY ONE CODE SHOULD A
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION301 Now I w
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LASTSEXUAL PARTNERSECOND-TO-LASTSEX
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCESNO.
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONSTO BE FIL
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUNDI
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SECTION 2. CARE AND PROTECTIONNO. Q
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SECTION 4. KNOWLEDGE OF AIDSNO. QUE
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUNDI
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SECTION 4. HIV/AIDSNO. QUESTIONS AN
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SECTION 5. OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITT
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