Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits

More documents

Recommendations

Info

EFCompensated AttenuatorsE.1 Uncompensated Attenuator .................................................................................E−1E.2 Compensated Attenuator......................................................................................E−2Substitution, Reduction, and Miller’s TheoremsF.1 Substitution Theorem............................................................................................ F−1F.2 Reduction Theorem............................................................................................... F−6F.3 Miller’s Theorem................................................................................................. F−10ReferencesIndexR−1IN−1viiiElectronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB® / Simulink® / SimElectronics® Examples, Third EditionCopyright © Orchard Publications
1.4 Bandwidth and Frequency ResponseBandwidth and Frequency ResponseLike electric filters, amplifiers exhibit a band of frequencies over which the output remains nearlyconstant. Consider, for example, the magnitude of the output voltage V outof an electric or electroniccircuit as a function of radian frequency ω as shown in Figure 1.5.As shown in Figure 1.5, the bandwidth is BW = ω 2 – ω 1where ω 1and ω 2are the cutoff frequencies.At these frequencies, V out = 2 ⁄ 2 = 0.707 and these two points are known as the 3−dB down orhalf−power points. They derive their name from the fact that since power p = v 2 ⁄ R = i 2 ⋅ R , forR = 1 and for v or i = 2⁄ 2 = 0.707 the power is 1 ⁄ 2, that is, it is “halved”.1V out0.707Bandwidthωω 1ω 2Figure 1.5. Definition of bandwidthAlternately, we can define the bandwidth as the frequency band between half−power points. Werecall from the characteristics of electric filters, the low−pass and high−pass filters have only one cutofffrequency whereas band−pass and band−elimination (band−stop) filters have two. We may thinkthat low−pass and high−pass filters have also two cutoff frequencies where in the case of the low−pass filter the second cutoff frequency is at ω = 0 while in a high−pass filter it is at ω = ∞.We also recall also that the output of circuit is dependent upon the frequency when the input is asinusoidal voltage. In general form, the output voltage is expressed asV out ( ω) = V out ( ω) e jϕω ( )(1.12)where V out ( ω) is known as the magnitude response and e jϕω is known as the phase response. Thesetwo responses together constitute the frequency response of a circuit.( )RCExample 1.1Derive and sketch the magnitude and phase responses of the1.6.low−pass filter shown in Figurev inRCv outFigure 1.6. RC low−pass filterElectronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB® / Simulink® / SimElectronics® Examples, Third EditionCopyright © Orchard Publications1−5
Page 3 and 4: Electronic Devicesand Amplifier Cir
Page 5 and 6: PrefaceThis text is an undergraduat
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents1 Basic Electronic
Page 9 and 10: 3.17 The Ebers−Moll Transistor Mo
Page 11 and 12: 6 Integrated Circuits6.1 Basic Logi
Page 13: A10.11 Exercises ..................
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Basic Electronic Concepts
Page 19 and 20: The Junction DiodeFigure 2.12. Volt
Page 21 and 22: The minus (−) sign for the curren
Page 23 and 24: 2.20 Solutions to End−of−Chapte
Page 25 and 26: The Bipolar Junction Transistor as
Page 27 and 28: Schottky Diode ClamporUsing the rel
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 4Field Effect Transistors a
Page 31 and 32: Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Eff
Page 33 and 34: Op Amp Integrator1 tv C = --- iC C
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 5 Operational AmplifiersExa
Page 37 and 38: 5.29 Exercises1. For the circuit be
Page 39 and 40: NAND Gate1A114Vcc1A1B1Y1B1Y2313124B
Page 41 and 42: ExercisesV 1750 ΩT 1V 2750 Ω1 KΩ
Page 43 and 44: Astable Multivibrator with the 555
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 7 Pulse Circuits and Wavefo
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 7 Pulse Circuits and Wavefo
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 8Frequency Characteristics
Page 51 and 52: k3 = 47.92f3 = 3.27 Hzw3 = 20.55 rp
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 9Tuned AmplifiersThis chapt
Page 55 and 56: Cascaded Tuned Amplifiersnary axis.
Page 57 and 58: Hartley Oscillatorpower supply volt
Page 59 and 60: Appendix AIntroduction to MATLAB®T
Page 61 and 62: Introduction to Simulink®Absolute
Page 63 and 64: Introduction to Simulink®An outsta
Page 65 and 66:
Appendix DProportional−Integral
Page 67 and 68:
Appendix FSubstitution, Reduction,
Page 69 and 70:
IndexSymbols BiCMOS inverter 6-40 c
Page 71 and 72:
Miller’s theorem F-10 phase shift
show all

Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?