Principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology.pdf

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-90 -60 -30 Plate 4. Global distribution <strong>of</strong> species richness based on observations and on model simulations, which use climate as a filter to reduce the number Color Plate IV 0 ice
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F. Stuart Chapin III Pamela A. Mats
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Preface Human activities are affect
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Contents Preface . . . . . . . . .
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Contents ix Changes in Storage . .
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Contents xi Root Uptake Properties
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Contents xiii Disturbance . . . . .
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1 The Ecosystem Concept Ecosystem e
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Figure 1.1. Examples of ecosystems
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Community ecology Population ecolog
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ing from biotically driven changes
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The pool sizes and rates of cycling
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and alters patterns of vegetation d
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Figure 1.5. Direct and indirect eff
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many aspects of ecology, hydrology,
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Energy (W m -2 ) 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Ab
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The Atmospheric System Atmospheric
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ecular O2 to form O3. The absorptio
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Hadley cell Hadley cell Ferrell cel
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early sailors as the doldrums. Subs
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phere, extends to depths of 75 to 2
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tures in Great Britain and western
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when the water vapor condenses to f
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Solar flux 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4
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Figure 2.16. Time course of the ave
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Radiative forcing (W m -2 ) Warming
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January September Sun March pattern
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access to light compete effectively
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the top? How does each of these atm
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(Dokuchaev 1879, Jenny 1941, Amunds
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Organic carbon (%) Erosion likely g
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erosion dominating on steep hillslo
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conductivity of soils. Groundwater
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chemical weathering through their c
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Although most of the transfers in s
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leached material from above, it is
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opment, so these soils have weak de
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y roots and bacteria are important
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Table 3.4. Sequence of H + - consum
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new chemical conditions cause them
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72 4. Terrestrial Water and Energy
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98 5. Carbon Input to Terrestrial E
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100 5. Carbon Input to Terrestrial
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124 6. Terrestrial Production Proce
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152 7. Terrestrial Decomposition So
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154 7. Terrestrial Decomposition su
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156 7. Terrestrial Decomposition a
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158 7. Terrestrial Decomposition Ma
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160 7. Terrestrial Decomposition Re
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162 7. Terrestrial Decomposition cy
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164 7. Terrestrial Decomposition Ma
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166 7. Terrestrial Decomposition li
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168 7. Terrestrial Decomposition ar
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170 7. Terrestrial Decomposition R
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172 7. Terrestrial Decomposition LO
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174 7. Terrestrial Decomposition Me
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8 Terrestrial Plant Nutrient Use In
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178 8. Terrestrial Plant Nutrient U
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198 9. Terrestrial Nutrient Cycling
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10 Aquatic Carbon and Nutrient Cycl
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226 10. Aquatic Carbon and Nutrient
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11 Trophic Dynamics Introduction Al
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246 11. Trophic Dynamics People, fo
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248 11. Trophic Dynamics Consumptio
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250 11. Trophic Dynamics Plant defe
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252 11. Trophic Dynamics Biomass Te
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254 11. Trophic Dynamics promote ra
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256 11. Trophic Dynamics eating rat
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258 11. Trophic Dynamics 4 th 3 rd
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260 11. Trophic Dynamics terrestria
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262 11. Trophic Dynamics R R trophi
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264 11. Trophic Dynamics food chain
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266 12. Community Effects on Ecosys
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282 13. Temporal Dynamics An emergi
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284 13. Temporal Dynamics Small rod
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286 13. Temporal Dynamics regime (H
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288 13. Temporal Dynamics successio
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290 13. Temporal Dynamics Stage Lif
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292 13. Temporal Dynamics that redu
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294 13. Temporal Dynamics Soil carb
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296 13. Temporal Dynamics Nutrient
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298 13. Temporal Dynamics are aband
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300 13. Temporal Dynamics leaf area
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302 13. Temporal Dynamics account f
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304 13. Temporal Dynamics 6. How do
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306 14. Landscape Heterogeneity and
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15 Global Biogeochemical Cycles The
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tion of surface waters. On daily to
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Crowley 1995). An improved understa
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therefore limits the long-term rate
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important for understanding the rec
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Page 357 and 358: which cycles are soil pools and flu
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Page 363 and 364: Major human impacts on the natural
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Page 367 and 368: Coral reef ecosystems have recently
Page 369 and 370: Table 16.3. Examples of services pr
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Page 373 and 374: Abbreviations an nutrient productiv
Page 375 and 376: Abbreviations 373 NEE net ecosystem
Page 377 and 378: Glossary A horizon. Uppermost miner
Page 379 and 380: Biomass. Quantity of living materia
Page 381 and 382: Coriolis effect. Tendency, due to E
Page 383 and 384: Exoenzyme. Enzyme that is secreted
Page 385 and 386: Inceptisol. Soil order characterize
Page 387 and 388: Microbial loop. Microbial food web
Page 389 and 390: Phototroph. Nitrogen-fixing microor
Page 391 and 392: simply to the greater number of spe
Page 393 and 394: Sun leaf. Leaf that is acclimated t
Page 395 and 396: Color Plate I monthly averages of t
Page 397: Plate 3. The global pattern of net
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