Inter-Agency Real Time Evaluation of the Humanitarian ... - alnap

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IA RTE of the humanitarian response to Pakistan’s 2010 Floods crisis separate latrines…) to address women’s access to assistance. However, the response was generally gender blind on most fronts. The current response plans are based on individual agency and sectoral early recovery needs assessments. Most organizations are preparing new assessments but few of these are coordinated centrally to ensure that they are aligned to GoP’s recovery strategies and efforts. While only a few sectors claim to have clarity of early recovery scope and needs, today, there is no comprehensive assessment of outstanding recovery needs. Disaster response better meets requirements where assessment is an ongoing process and is responsive to changing conditions and feeds into programming. Multi‐sector area based approaches are best suited for disasters of this size as sector or cluster based approaches soon spread thin. Geographical area based approaches allow for better coverage, they are more adaptive to changing needs and they provide better opportunities for interlinkages between relief, recovery and rehabilitation. Effectiveness, efficiency and accountability of some UN agencies and INGOs have been questioned by donors, GoP and implementing partners. Some donors questioned UN’s added value with high transaction costs and multiple implementation layers before reaching beneficiaries. In general, there is insufficient commitment to the aid effectiveness agenda, specifically in areas of accountability. Pakistan is a disaster hotspot exposed to recurrent hydrological and meteorological events. Despite the existence of national and sometimes also provincial plans, to date disaster management has been reactive as investments in DRR are insufficient. The civilian disaster management capacity at provincial and district level is low and coordination capacity is not always functioning properly. The links between national and provincial disaster management are generally weak and preparedness was insufficient to provide a more effective and efficient response. Pakistan is one of the eight pilot countries where the One UN has been rolled out and disaster risk management (DRM) is one of the five strategic priorities, however, contingency planning with a clear division of labour among the government and the international community is generally missing. The next disaster is “just around the corner” as the next monsoon season will soon start. The risk for a new emergency situation is high due to the concentration of poor people living in hazardous areas along river shores. Today there is a clear need to consider DRM and preparedness into UNDAF process, led by One UN within the joint programming approach Pakistan has been a key test‐ground for the humanitarian reform and currently faces some of the most important humanitarian challenges. However the humanitarian community is suffering from a chronic amnesia as it does not take stock of lessons learned from prior evaluations. A more systemic follow up on previous recommendations is needed as it would help improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the humanitarian system’s response to future disasters, both within Pakistan and globally. A strong UN leadership must engage and ensure a continued and close dialogue with Pakistani authorities as well as ensuring that stakeholders and partners are held accountable. Riccardo Polastro, Aatika Nagrah, Nicolai Steen and Farwa Zafar 58
General recommendations: IA RTE of the humanitarian response to Pakistan’s 2010 Floods crisis I) NDMA/PND/Line Departments, with clusters, must roll out a joint recovery needs assessment. On this basis the NDMA/PDMA, with line departments and UN agencies (led by UNDP) must develop a joint early recovery and rehabilitation plans according to different geographical area needs and dynamics. To do so: a) HC/RC should streamline coordination and Early Recovery Working Group should be made functional at national, provincial and district levels. b) NDMA, with the relevant government authorities and HCT, will thematically regroup clusters to specific phases of the emergency, contextual (provincial) realities and reviewed early plans. c) NDMA, with UNDP and OCHA, must plan progressive phase out of Multan, Hyderabad and Sukkur hubs by ensuring: d) That provincial coordination is brought within the PDMA in Karachi and Lahore, while ensuring operational coordination is maintained at district level e) Donors should provide flexible funding commensurate to priorities outlined in joint recovery and rehabilitation plans. f) Support and strengthened emphasis on disaster management and preparedness is needed, therefore: UNDP, with OCHA and cluster leads, must support NDMA’s Disaster Management Plan and with specific emphasis on: � Building up national capacities at provincial, district and local levels. � Developing specific contingency plans for areas at risk. � Strengthening cooperation between NDMA, PDMA and DDMA. � Defining the role of clusters in future disasters � Introducing standard assessment formats and methodology, based on new IASC guidelines. � Defining minimum assistance standards for disaster response in Pakistan (considering type of disaster, scale and length, as well as pre‐existing capacities and vulnerabilities. � Implementing geographic area based responses in future disasters of similar scale II) The UN must reduce transaction costs UN agencies and IPs produce results commensurate to the level of funding received (i.e. through unit cost analysis). HCT members will ensure that response is monitored and results are shared in a transparent fashion. To do so: Riccardo Polastro, Aatika Nagrah, Nicolai Steen and Farwa Zafar 59
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Inter‐Agency Real Time Evaluation
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Annex 4.1 Group meetings with the a
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Conclusions and recommendations bas
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Summary of interviews by category o
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21. Ashfar Ahmad Save the Children
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19. Farrusch Mirza UNICEF 20. Hamad
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13 . Dube Alfred WHO 14 . Masooma H
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14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Fareeha Ummar O
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Annex 4.3: Field Work Itenerary Dat
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Date Riccardo Polastro Nicolai Stee
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Date Riccardo Polastro Nicolai Stee
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Annex 5 Interview Guide IA‐RTE In
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. With whom (military, government,
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6‐ Did the needs assessments take
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Millions 900,0 800,0 700,0 600,0 50
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Annex 7: Cluster Output Review Tabl
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Source: Logistics Cluster, Feb 2011
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Pakistan Initial Floods Emergency R
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Ms. Aatika Nagrah, a development pr
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