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THE SHIITE JIHAD IN SYRIA AND ITS REGIONAL EFFECTS

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NOTES <strong>AND</strong> SOURCES n 79<br />

294. “Al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya Liwa al-Hamad,” Facebook, July 22, 2014, https://<br />

www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=677209942355817&set=vb.646060472137431<br />

&type=2&theater.<br />

295. Alissa J. Rubin, “On the Road to Samarra, Glimpses of Iraq’s New Fractured<br />

Reality,” New York Times, July 9, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/10/<br />

world/middleeast/iraq-samarra-shiite-militias-isis.html?_r=0.<br />

296. Isabel Coles, “Iranians Play Role in Breaking IS Siege of Iraqi Town,” Reuters,<br />

September 1, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/01/us-iraq-securitymiltias-iran-idUSKBN0GW2Y420140901.<br />

297. Loveday Morris, “Appointment of Iraq’s New Interior Minister Opens Door to<br />

Militia and Iranian Influence,” Washington Post, October 18, 2014, http://www.<br />

washingtonpost.com/world/appointment-of-iraqs-new-interior-minister-opens-<br />

door-to-militia-and-iranian-influence/2014/10/18/f6f2a347-d38c-4743-902a-<br />

254a169ca274_story.html.<br />

298. Tamer el-Ghobashy, “U.S.-Backed Plan for Iraqi National Guard Falters,” Wall<br />

Street Journal, October 16, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-backed-planfor-iraqi-national-guard-unraveling-1413493028.<br />

299. Ibid.<br />

300. Dion Nissenbaum, Benoit Faucon, and Matt Bradley, “Iran Attacked Islamic<br />

State Forces in Iraq,” Wall Street Journal, December 3, 2014, http://www.wsj.<br />

com/articles/pentagon-officials-believe-iran-attacked-islamic-state-forces-iniraq-1417623790.<br />

301. Phillip Smyth, “Hizballah al-Abrar: The Latest Hizballah Franchise in Iraq,”<br />

Jihadology, November 4, 2014, http://jihadology.net/2014/11/04/hizballahcavalcade-hizballah-al-abrar-the-latest-hizballah-franchise-in-iraq/.<br />

Hezbollah<br />

al-Abrar serves as one example of the many popular-committee-style organizations<br />

developed along the lines of Lebanese Hezbollah, maintaining close<br />

links to AAH and even using Hezbollah’s imagery and symbols.<br />

302. United Press International, “Iraq: Execution-Style Killings Signal Return of<br />

Shiite Death Squads,” February 12, 2014, http://www.upi.com/Top_News/<br />

Special/2014/02/12/Iraq-Execution-style-killings-signal-return-of-Shiite-deathsquads/44901392242380/.<br />

303. Ned Parker and Ahmed Rasheed, “Special Report: Inside Iraq’s ‘Killing Zones,’”<br />

Reuters, December 17, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/12/17/usmideast-crisis-baghdad-specialreport-idUSKBN0JV10J20141217;<br />

Human Rights<br />

Watch, “Iraq: Pro-Government Militias’ Trail of Death,” July 31, 2014, http://<br />

www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/31/iraq-pro-government-militias-trail-death.

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